Oksar, Menekse2024-09-192024-09-1920162356-6140https://doi.org/10.1155/2016/8767410https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12483/15334Although anesthetic requirements for minimally invasive neurosurgical techniques have been described in detail and applied successfully since the early 2000s, most of the literature on this subject has dealt with cranial cases that were operated on in the supine or sitting positions. However, spinal surgery has also used minimally invasive techniques that were performed in prone position for more than 30 years to date. Although procedures in both these neurosurgical techniques require the patient to be awake for a certain period of time, the main surgical difference with minimally invasive spinal surgery is that the patients are in the prone position, which may result in increased requirement of airway management because of deep sedation. In addition, although minimally invasive spinal surgery progresses slowly and different techniques are used with no agreement on the terminology used to describe these techniques thus far, the anesthetist needs to understand the surgical and anesthetic requirements for each type of intervention in order to take necessary precautions. This paper reviews the literature on this topic and discusses the anesthetic necessities for percutaneous endoscopic laser surgery. © 2016 Menekse Oksar.eninfo:eu-repo/semantics/openAccessAnesthesiologyConscious SedationDeep SedationDiskectomy, PercutaneousEndoscopyHumansIntervertebral Disc DisplacementLumbar VertebraeMinimally Invasive Surgical Proceduresalfentanilanalgesic agentanesthetic agentdexmedetomidineisofluranemidazolampropofolremifentanilsedative agentsufentaniladverse outcomeanesthesia inductionanesthesia levelbispectral indexclinical effectivenessclinical trial (topic)drug infusiondrug safetyendoscopic surgeryhumanlaser surgerylumbar disklumbar disk herniaminimally invasive procedureneurosurgerypatient monitoringpatient safetypercutaneous discectomyrespiration depressionReviewsedationsurgical risksystematic reviewanesthesiologyconscious sedationdeep sedationendoscopyIntervertebral Disc Displacementlumbar vertebraminimally invasive surgerypercutaneous discectomyproceduresReview Article201610.1155/2016/8767410277386522-s2.0-84990931851Q1