Amik Ovası koşullarında ikinci ürün olarak yetiştirilebilecek osya çeşit ve hatlarının belirlenmesi

Abstract

Amik Ovası ikinci ürün koşullarında 2002, 2003 ve 2004 yıllarında yürütülen çalışmada, Çukurova Üniversitesi Ziraat Fakültesi Tarla Bitkileri tarafından geliştirilen 6 soya hattı ve 11 ticari çeşidin tarımsal ve kalite özellikleri incelenmiştir. Araştırma, Hatay'da, Mustafa Kemal Üniversitesi Ziraat Fakültesi Tarla Bitkileri Araştırma ve Uygulama Alanında tesadüf blokları deneme desenine göre üç tekrarlamalı olarak yürütülmüştür. Araştırmada; bitki boyu, ilk meyve yüksekliği, dal sayısı, boğum sayısı, bakla sayısı, tohum sayısı, bakladaki tohum sayısı, 100-tohum ağırlığı, hasat indeksi, protein oranı, yağ oram ve tohum verimi değerleri incelenmiştir. Araştırma sonucunda, denemede yer alan çeşitlerin bölge koşullarında incelenen özellikler açısından önemli derecede farklılıklar gösterdiği belirlenmiştir. Araştırmanın üç yıllık ortalama tohum verimi değerleri 241.0 kg/da ile 338.6 kg/da arasmda değişmiş, en yüksek değer Amcor 89 çeşidinden, en düşük değer ise SW-3 hattından elde edilmiştir. Amcor 89, LG91-7350R, Cu 290, AW-3 ve AW-4 çeşit ve hatlarının Amik Ovası koşullarında ikinci ürün olarak yetiştirilebilecek çeşit adayları olabileceği saptanmışta.

Yield and quality performances of 17 soybean cultivars or lines from I. (cv. Inton), II. (cvs. Amcor 89, Amsoy 71, Cu-290, LN-89-3264, Newton), III. (cvs. Athow, A-3935, Iroguois, LG-90-2550 and lines AW-3, AW-4) and IV. maturity groups (cv. LG-91-7350R and lines SW-3, SW-6, SW-7 ve SW-11) were evaluated in three years field experiment between 2002 and 2004 at the Experimental Farm of Faculty of Agriculture, Mustafa Kemal University, Hatay. Amik Plain is located in the Hatay province where in the Mediterranean region of Turkey. The field experiments were laid out in the randomized complete block design with three replications in each year. Each plot consisted of four rows of 5 m in length with inter- and intra-row spacing of 70 cm and 6-8 cm, respectively. Plots were fertilized with 8 kg N/da and 8 kg PaOs/a before planting, and additional nitrogen dose at 5 kg/ha was applied at the beginning of flowering. Seeds of each cultivar/lines were inoculated with Bradyrhizobium japonicum just before sowing, and then seeds were sown by hand on June 20, June 20 and June 18 in 2002, 2003 and 2004, respectively. Standard cultural practices were applied throughout the growing season. Two middle rows of each plot were harvested by hand on October 13, October 1 and October 22 in 2002, 2003 and 2004, respectively. Plant height, the first pod height, numbers of branch, node, pod and seed per plant, number of seed per pod, 100-seed weight, harvest index, protein content, oil content and seed yield per decar were determined as yield and quality parameters. Data were analyzed using standard analysis of variance (ANOVA) technique and means were separated using least significant difference (LSD) comparisons. Mean values for evaluated traits were presented in Table 3-6, The results of three years study revealed that the soybean cultivars and lines differed significantly for all characters studied under the Amik Plain conditions. It was also observed that yield and quality performances of cultivars/lines fluctuated in years. Seed yield values of cultivars/lines were ranged from 210 kg/da (LG90-2550) to 373 kg/da (LN91-7350) in 2002, from 249.2 kg/da (Inton) to 342 kg/da (SW-11) in 2003, from 197.2 kg/da (SW-3) to 369.3 kg/da (Amcor 89) in 2004 (Table 6). In three years mean, the cultivars Amcor 89, LG91-7350R, Cu 290 and breeding lines AW-3, AW-4 were determined as the most promising genotypes for second crop production in the Amik Plain conditions. However, our results also indicated that soybean genotypes showed significant response to environmental changes. Therefore, soybean adaptability studies should be conducted continuously in a certain environment.