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Öğe The effects of dietary supplementation of L-carnitine and humic substances on performance, egg traits and blood parameters in laying hens(Asian-Australasian Association of Animal Production Societies, 2006) Yalçin, Sakine; Ergün, Ahmet; Özsoy, Bülent; Yalçin, Suzan; Erol, Handan; Onbaşilar, IlyasThis experiment was carried out to determine the effects of supplementation of L-carnitine and humic substances alone or in combination in laying hen diets on performance, egg traits and blood parameters. A total of 180 IGH type brown laying hens aged 22 weeks were employed in a completely randomized block design with one control group and three treatment groups. Each group was divided into five replicates as subgroups, each comprising 9 hens. The diets of the first, second and third treatment groups were supplemented with 0.1 g/kg L-carnitine, 1.5 g/kg humic substances (Farmagülator® Dry Plus) and 0.1 g/kg L-carnitine+1.5 g/kg humic substances, respectively. The experimental period lasted 18 weeks. Feeding supplemental carnitine, humic substances or carnitine+humic substances resulted in increases in body weight gain (p<0.05). Dietary treatments did not significantly affect daily feed intake, daily metabolizable energy intake, egg production, egg weight, feed efficiency, mortality, egg shape index, egg breaking strength, egg shell thickness, egg albumen index, egg yolk index, egg Haugh unit and the percentages of egg shell, albumen and yolk. Supplementation of humic substances reduced egg yolk cholesterol as mg per g yolk and mg per yolk (p<0.05). Blood serum parameters were not affected by the supplementation of carnitine, humic substances or carnitine+humic substances. The results in this study demonstrated that humic substances supplementation reduced egg cholesterol without adverse effects on performance, egg traits and blood parameters of laying hens. It was concluded that the usage of L-carnitine alone or in combination with humic substances in diets had no beneficial effects in laying hens.Öğe The effects of dietary supplementation of yeast culture on performance, blood parameters and immune system in broiler turkeys(2011) Özsoy, Bülent; Yalçın, SakineThis experiment was carried out to determine the effects of different levels of yeast culture (Saccharomyces cerevisiae) supplementation to the broiler turkey diets on the performance characteristics, some blood parameters and immune system. A total of 48 female poults aged five weeks were divided into one control group and three treatment groups each containing 12 female poults. The diets of the first, second and third treatment groups were supplemented with 1, 2 and 3 g/kg yeast culture (Diamond V “XP”, Saccharomyces cerevisiae), respectively. The experimental period lasted 10 weeks. At the end of the experiment body weight, body weight gain, feed consumption, feed efficiency, carcass yield, weights and rates of internal organs, abdominal fat and the values of pH and viscosity of small intestine of turkeys were not significantly affected by different levels of yeast culture. There were no significant differences among the groups in total protein, cholesterol, triglyceride, uric acid, alanine aminotransferase, aspartate aminotransferase, alkaline phosphatase of blood serum and haemetological parameters. Immune system of turkeys was also not affected by dietary yeast culture. The results in this study demonstrated that yeast culture (Saccharomyces cerevisiae) supplementation at the levels of 1, 2 and 3 g/kg to the diets of female broiler turkeys did not have any significant effects on performance characteristics, some blood parameters and immune system.Öğe The effects of lower levels of organically complexed zinc, copper and manganese in broiler diets on performance, mineral concentration of tibia and mineral excretion(2011) Aksu, Taylan; Özsoy, Bülent; Sarıpınar Aksu, Devrim; Yörük, Mehmet Akif; Gül, MehmetThe effects of replacing inorganic with lower levels of organic trace minerals of Zn, Cu and Mn on growth performance, mineralexcretion and mineral concentration in tibia were investigated in broilers. One-day-old Ross-308 broiler chicks were used. Chicks were divided into 4 different groups as 1 control and 3 experimental groups consisted of 50 chicks. All groups were also divided into 5 replicates containing 10 chicks. Starter (0-21 d) and finisher (21-42 d) broiler diets which not included Zn, Cu and Mn wereused. Specially prepared mineral premix (containing at 40 mg Zn, 80 mg Cu and 60 mg Mn levels of inorganic minerals in each kg as sulphate form) added to control diet in the level of recommended by NRC. Mineral content of the control diet was prepared usingstandard inorganic mineral premix that reflects the normal supplementary levels and source of trace minerals for commercial broilerfeed recommended by National Research Council. In the experimental diets, mineral premix was also prepared as inorganic formsexcept of Zn, Cu and Mn. Organically complexed Zn, Cu, and Mn were separately added into basal diet at 1/3, 2/3 and 3/3 proportions as BioplexTM instead of inorganic forms of those mineral recommended levels by NRC. Experiment lasted 42 days. Results showedthat organically complexed trace minerals can be used at a much lower concentration than the current recommended as inorganicminerals, without a negative impact on performance, while also decreasing the excess mineral excretion. Further studies are needed to determine the proper level of organic trace minerals by taking tibia mineral levels into consideration.Öğe The Effects of Lower Supplementation Levels of Organically Complexed Minerals (Zinc,Copper and manganese) versus inorganic forms on hematological and biochemical parameters in broilers(2010) Sarıpınar Aksu, Devrim; Aksu, Taylan; Özsoy, BülentThe present study was carried out to investigate the effects of replacing inorganic with at lower level of organically complexed minerals (Zn, Cu and Mn) on hematological and biochemical parameters in broilers. A total of two hundred Ross-308 one-day-old broiler chickens were used. Chicks were randomized into 1 control and 3 treated groups each containing 50 chicks and each experimental group comprised 5 of subgroups including 10 chicks. Mineral content of the control diet was prepared according to National Research Council (NRC) as inorganic salts. In treated groups, organically complexed Zn, Cu and Mn were separately added into the basal diet at 1/3 (group 1), 2/3 (group 2) and 3/3 (group 3) proportions as $Bioplex^ {TM}$, instead of inorganic levels of those minerals recommended by NRC, respectively. The plasma Zn level significantly increased as the serum Cu level significantly decreased (P<0.05) in chickens fed at 2/3 and 3/3 levels of organic minerals. The hemoglobin concentration and packed cell volume were significantly higher in group L1. Total leukocyte count and peripheral blood leukocyte type were in the normal range reported in both the control and organic mineral supplemented groups. As the high density lipoprotein (HDL)-cholesterol level increased, low density lipoprotein (LDL)-cholesterol and total cholesterol levels decreased in chickens fed organically complexed minerals. Results showed that using at much lower level organically complexed minerals (Cu, Zn and Mn) in broiler diets instead of inorganic forms of those minerals has not created a negative impact on hematological and biochemical parameters.Öğe The effects of supplemental niacin and methionine on serum glucose, betahydroxybutyric acid, and non-esterified fatty acid levels during late gestation and early postpartum period in Damascus dairy goats(TÜBİTAK, 2020) Sarıbay, Mustafa Kemal; Köse, Ayşe Merve; Özsoy, Bülent; Ahsan, Umair; Koldaş Ürer, Ece; Köse, Serkan İrfan; Doğruer, GökhanThe objective of this study was to assess the changes in serum glucose, beta-hydroxybutyric acid (β-HBA), and nonesterified fatty acid (NEFA) levels in Damascus dairy goats fed niacin (Nia) and methionine (Met) during late gestation and early postpartum period. A total of 75 dairy goats at 105th day of gestation were divided into 3 groups as control (no supplementation), Nia (20 g/kg Nia), and Met (2.5 g/kg Met) groups. The dietary treatments continued until parturition. Dairy goats fed dietary Nia had greater serum glucose levels on day 125 of gestation compared to the other dietary treatments (P < 0.05). On day 135 of pregnancy, serum glucose levels were higher in Met group than control group (P < 0.05). Serum β-HBA levels decreased on days 135 and 145 in dairy goats fed Nia than those in control group. Dietary Nia and Met lowered serum β-HBA levels on day 10 postpartum compared to control group (P < 0.05). Serum NEFA levels decreased (P < 0.05) on days 135 and 145 in dairy goats fed Nia supplemented ration than those in control group. Serum NEFA levels d 10 postpartum were different among the groups (P < 0.05). In conclusion, dietary Nia and Met supplementation improved serum glucose levels on day 125 of gestation while decreasing β-HBA and NEFA levels during late gestation and early postpartum period in Damascus dairy goats under the conditions of present study.Öğe Farklı enerji düzeylerindeki rasyonlara L-karnitin ilavesinin bıldırcınlarda performans ve bazı kan parametreleri üzerine etkisi(2007) Yalçın, Sakine; Buğdaycı, Kadir Emre; Özsoy, Bülent; Erol, HandanBu araştırma, farklı enerji düzeylerindeki rasyonlarda L-karnitin kullanımının Japon bıldırcınlarında performans özellikleri ve bazı kan parametreleri üzerine etkilerini belirlemek amacıyla yapılmıştır. Denemede toplam 204 adet bir haftalık Japon bıldırcın civcivi (Coturnix coturnix Japonica) kullanılmıştır. Her biri 51 adet bıldırcın civcivi kapsayan 4 grup düzenlenmiştir. Normal (3000 kcal/kg) ve düşük (2700 kcal/kg) metabolize olabilir enerji düzeyine sahip karma yemlere 0 ve 100 mg/kg L-karnitin ilave edilmiş ve ham protein düzeyleri eşit olacak şekilde düzenlenmiştir. Deneme 5 hafta sürdürülmüştür. Normal enerji düzeyine sahip rasyona L-karnitin ilavesi ile bıldırcınlarda deneme sonu canlı ağırlık, toplam canlı ağırlık artışı, bir kg canlı ağırlık artışı için tüketilen yem miktarı ve karkas randımanı etkilenmemiş, fakat toplam yem tüketimi artmış (p<0.01), serum kolesterol düzeyi azalmıştır (p<0.01). Düşük enerjili rasyona L-karnitin ilavesinin ise bıldırcınlarda deneme sonu canlı ağırlığı arttırdığı (p<0.01), bir kg canlı ağırlık artışı için tüketilen yem miktarı (p<0.01), serum kolesterol (p<0.01) ve trigliserit (p<0.05) düzeylerini azalttığı bulunmuştur. Sonuç olarak düşük enerji düzeylerindeki rasyonlara L-karnitin ilavesinin Japon bıldırcınlarında performansı olumlu yönde etkilediği, serum kolesterol ve trigliserit düzeylerini düşürdüğü gözlenmiştir.Öğe Investigation the protective effects of kefir in experimental diabetes mellitus and nonalcoholic liver fattened rats(2017) Özsoy, Bülent; Küçükgül, Altuğ; Özsoy, Şule Yurdagül; Yumuşak, NihatBu çalışmada kefirin deneysel olarak oluşturulan Tip 2 Diabetes Mellitus (T2DM) ve Nonalkolik Karaciğer Yağlanmasında (NAFLD) karaciğer dokusunda oluşan hasara karşı koruyucu etkileri araştırıldı.Toplam 30 adet Wistar albino ırkı dişi rat kullanıldı. Ratlar her grupta 6 adet olmak üzere 5 gruba ayrıldı. Kontrol grubu hayvanlara herhangi bir uygulama yapılmadı. T2DM oluşturmak amacıyla hayvanlara tek doz 80 mg/kg intraperiteonal Streptozotocin, NAFLD oluşturmak için de hayvanlara yüksek yağlı rat yemi deneme boyunca verildi. Deneme grubundaki hayvanlara sırasıyla yüksek yağlı rat yemi, yüksek yağlı rat yemi+30 ml/kg kefir (oral gavaj), yüksek yağlı rat yemi+Streptozotocin 80 mg/kg intraperiteonal (İP), yüksek yağlı rat yemi+30 ml/kg kefir (oral gavaj)+ Streptozotocin 80 mg/kg (İP) verildi. T2DM oluşturulan gruba kıyasla kan glikoz düzeylerinde kefir eklenmesi ile düşme gözlendi. Ayrıca T2DM ve NAFLD grubunda serumda artan AST, ALT, total protein, kolesterol, trigliserit değerlerinin kefir eklenmesi ile azaldığı gözlendi. Histopatolojik bulgular da biyokimyasal sonuçları desteklemektedir. Kefir eklenen grubun karaciğerlerinde normale yakın histolojik yapı gözlendi. Sonuç olarak karaciğer dokusunda ciddi hasarlara neden olan T2DM ve NAFLD ye karşı kefir içeceğinin tüketilmesinin yararlı olacağı kanısına varıldı
