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    The experiences and thoughts of Turkish family physicians about COVID-19 pandemic: A qualitative study
    (Taylor & Francis Ltd, 2023) Baser, Duygu Ayhan; Guner, Pinar Doner; Gumustakim, Raziye Sule; Agadayi, Ezgi; Aksoy, Hilal; Fidanci, Izzet
    BackgroundEfforts to contain the SARS-CoV-2 virus would fall short without strong primary health care.ObjectivesIn this study, we aimed to determine the experiences, views and suggestions of family physicians regarding their roles, primary care health systems' preparedness and the challenges/needs for a better organisation during the pandemic via in-depth exploration.MethodsTwenty-one family physicians working in different cities of Turkey participated in semi-structured interviews between 15/08/2020-21/01/2021. Convenience sampling was used. We did this qualitative study through interviews by telephone. Participants were asked seven open-ended questions. Thematic analysis was used, which included reading the transcript, identifying significant phrases and formulating meanings and validating meanings through research team discussions to reach consensus, identifying themes.ResultsTen of the participants were female and the average age of the participants was 39.5 (SD = 10.5) years. Twelve of the family physicians are specialists in family medicine. Four themes were identified: role of primary care in the pandemic, pandemic preparedness of primary care, challenges of working in primary care centres during the COVID-19 pandemics, and approaches to future pandemics.ConclusionOur study showed that, despite unprepared primary care and undefined roles of family physicians in pandemic planning, family physicians played a significant role in pandemic management.
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    Psychometric Properties of the Turkish Validity and Reliability of the Parent Diabetes Distress Scale
    (Galenos Publ House, 2023) Karahan, Seher; Agadayi, Ezgi; Sari, Seda Aybuke; Celik, Nurullah; Tan, Ayca Komurluoglu; Doger, Esra
    Objective: The aim of this study was to evaluate the validity and reliability of the Turkish translation of the Parent Diabetes Distress Scale (PDDS). Methods: The PDDS is a 5-point Likert-type scale with 20 items. After obtaining permission from the scale developers, the study commenced. First, a systematic adaptation of the scale into the Turkish language was performed including translation, expert panel review, back translation, and pilot study. Test-retest was applied to 35 participants. After these procedures, data collection was undertaken using the adapted PDDS and a demographic data collection form. The collected data were analyzed for reliability, including stability of the scale with test-retest and internal consistency of the scale (Cronbach's alpha), and validity including construct validity of the scale with confirmatory factor analysis (CFA). Results: The parents of 210 teenagers, aged >11 and <18 years, who had been diagnosed with type 1 diabetes mellitus for at least one year were included. Of these parents, 71.9% (n=151) were mothers and 53.3% (n=112) of the children were girls. The Cronbach's a value was 0.906. The results of the CFA were.2/df=4.406, p<0.001, comparative fit test 0.704, and goodness of fit tests 0.749. The mean total PDDS score was 2.2 +/- 0.7. These results indicate that scores of 1.6 points or less was evaluated as little or no distress 1.7-2.4 as moderate distress, and >2.4 points as high distress. This showed that the majority of the parents in the study experienced moderate or severe diabetes-related distress. Conclusion: The Turkish version of the PDDS fulfilled the validity and reliability tests at an acceptable level.
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    The Turkish version of the problem areas in diabetes-parents of teens (P-PAID-T): Cross-cultural adaptation, reliability, and validity
    (Elsevier Science Inc, 2023) Sari, Seda Aybuke; Agadayi, Ezgi; Celik, Nurullah; Karahan, Seher; Tan, Ayca Komurluoglu; Doger, Esra
    Objective: To examine the Turkish validity and reliability of the Problem Areas in Diabetes-Parents of Teens (P PAID-T) scale and its psychometric properties for determining the parents' diabetes-related distress.Methods: The study included the parents of 200 adolescents with T1DM for at least a year. P-PAID-T and a demographic data form were used for data collection. Davis technique was used for the content validity of the scale. The scale's reliability was tested using test-retest, and its internal reliability was analyzed with Cronbach's alpha test. Exploratory Factor Analysis (EFA) was used to analyze the factor structure. Confirmatory Factor Analysis (CFA) was used to evaluate the fit of the scale.Results: 69.5% (n = 139) of the participants were mothers. Compared to the fathers, the mothers' mean P-PAID-T score was significantly higher. Parents of sons, who used insulin injections for their children, and had a college degree or higher education level had higher P-PAID-T scores. The test-retest correlation coefficient of the scale was 0.977. The Cronbach alpha value of the scale was 0.901. The results of confirmatory factor analysis were x2/df = 2.931, GFI = 0.736, CFI = 0.711, NFI = 0.628, NNFI = 0.660, RMSEA = 0.141.Conclusion: The Turkish version of P-PAID-T was a valid and reliable screening tool for measuring diabetes stress in parents of adolescents with T1DM. Practice implications: Nurses could use the Turkish version of P-PAID-T to monitor parental diabetes distress and organize interventions; also Turkish P-PAID-T could facilitate research on diabetes distress for parents of adolescents with T1DM.