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    ANTIOXIDANT ANTIMICROBIAL OXIDANT AND ELEMENTS CONTENTS OF XYLARIA POLYMORPHA AND X. HYPDXYLON (XYLARIACEAE)
    (Parlar Scientific Publications (P S P), 2021) Saridogan, Beste Gizem Ozbey; Islek, Cemil; Baba, Hayri; Akata, Ilgaz; Sevindik, Mustafa
    In the current study, antioxidant, oxidant, and antimicrobial potentials of Xylaria polymorpha (Pers.) Grey. and X hypoxylon (L.) Grey. were determined. Also, the levels of elements accumulated by these fungi were measured. The samples were extracted with ethanol in soxhlet apparatus. Antioxidant and oxidant potentials were determined using Rel Assay kits. Antimicrobial activities were tested using the agar dilution method. Element contents were determined using atomic absorption spectrophotometer. As a result of the studies, TAS, TOS, and OSI values of X hypoxylon were determined as 3.794 +/- 0.188, 8.609 +/- 0.171, and 0.228 +/- 0.015, respectively. TAS, TOS, and OSI values of X. polymorpha were determined as 5.390 +/- 0.176, 14.738 +/- 0.126, and 0.274 +/- 0.008, respectively. Besides, it was observed that the antimicrobial activities of the extracts of mushrooms were effective at 50-400 mu g/mL concentrations. Element contents were determined to be at normal levels compared to literature data. As a result, it was determined that X. polymorpha and X. hypoxylon have antioxidant and antimicrobial potentials.
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    Antioxidant Potential and Element Contents of Wild Edible Mushroom Suillus granulatus
    (Kahramanmaras Sutcu Imam Univ Rektorlugu, 2020) Mushtaq, Waseem; Baba, Hayri; Akata, Ilgaz; Sevindik, Mustafa
    Mushrooms are important natural resources in natural ecosystems. They have been used for centuries as a means of food, medicine and religious rituals for humans. In this study, total antioxidant status (TAS), total oxidant status (TOS), oxidative stress index (OSI) and Cr, Cu, Mn, Fe, Ni, Cd, Pb and Zn contents of edible mushroom Suillus granulatus (L.) Roussel were determined. Mushroom samples were collected from Hatay-Antakya (Turkey). Ethanol extracts of mushroom samples were obtained. TAS, TOS and OSI values were measured using Rel Assay kits. Cr, Cu, Mn, Fe, Ni, Cd, Pb and Zn contents were determined by atomic absorption spectrophotometer. As a result of the study, TAS value of S. granulatus was 3.143 +/- 0.068 mmol/L, TOS value was 18.933 +/- 0.195 mu mol/L and OSI value was 0.603 +/- 0.007. Cr content of S. granulatus was found to be high. As a result, wild edible mushroom S. granulatus had antioxidant potential.
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    Biological Activities of Wild Poisonous Mushroom Entoloma sinuatum (Bull.) P. Kumm (Boletales)
    (Kahramanmaras Sutcu Imam Univ Rektorlugu, 2022) Bal, Celal; Baba, Hayri; Akata, Ilgaz; Sevindik, Mustafa; Selamoglu, Zeliha; Akgul, Hasan
    In many studies conducted in recent years, it has been found that the beneficial natural ingredients found in mushrooms are very important in curing various diseases and eliminating disease factors. It has been reported that fungi that spread in different countries have biological activities. In this study, antioxidant level (TAS). oxidant level (TOS), and antibacterial and antifungalactivity of Entoloma sinuatum (Bull.) P. Kumm were determined. Ethanol extract of the mushroom was extracted in a Soxhlet apparatus. Antioxidant and oxidant levels were determined using Rel Assay TAS and TOS kits. Also. antimicrobial activity was tested against bacteria l and fungal strains using the agar dilution method. As a result of the studies. the TAS value of the mushroom was determined 2.64 +/- 0.15. the TOS value vas 6.58 +/- 0.23, and the OSI (Oxidative stress index) value was 0.25 +/- 0.02. In addition, it was determined that the ethanol extract of the mushroom was effective against bacteria at 200 and 400 mu g/mL, and against fungi at 50 mu g/mL concentrations. As a result, it was determined that E. sinuatum is a natural antioxidant and antimicrobial agent.
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    PHENOLIC CONTENT AND BIOLOGICAL ACTIVITIES OF TRAMETES HIRSUTA
    (Parlar Scientific Publications (P S P), 2021) Akgul, Hasan; Aslan, Ali; Akata, Ilgaz; Gunal, Selami; Bal, Celal; Baba, Hayri
    Natural mushrooms are one of the important elements of the ecosystem. It has been preferred by people from past to present because of its nutritional and medicinal potentials. In this study, antioxidant, oxidant and antimicrobial potential of Trametes hirsuta (Wulfen) Lloyd has been determined. In addition, phenolic compounds in its fruiting body have been scanned. The antioxidant and oxidant potential was determined using Rel Assay kits. Antimicrobial potential was determined using the agar dilution method. Phenolic contents were scanned on the HPLC device. As a result of the studies, the presence of different levels of Gallic acid, Catechin, 4-Hydroxybenzoic acid and Epicatechin were observed in T. hirsuta. TAS value of T hirsuta was determined 3.466 +/- 0.148 mmol/L, TOS value was 13.482 +/- 0.234 mu mol/L and OSI value was 0.390 +/- 0.018. Antimicrobial activity of T. hirsuta was found to be effective at 100, 200 and 400 mu g/mL concentrations. As a result of the studies, it has been determined that T hirsuta has antioxidant and antimicrobial potential.