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    Öğe
    Bulk Peanut Shell Behavior under Static Loads and the Associated Physico-Mechanical Properties
    (Univ Philippines Los Banos, 2019) Ugurluay, Selcuk; Akcali, Ibrahim Deniz
    In order for the peanut shell waste to have an economic value, it should be processed mechanically. Among others, for instance, utilization of peanut shells as a fuel source or insulation material requires them to be compressed. Thus, for a rational design of such machinery, there is a need to know the behavior of peanut shells under compressive static loads and the associated physico mechanical properties. To those ends, experiments were carried out, using the local Turkish cultivars Osmaniye, Silifke, Anamur and Antalya. Mathematical models for force-deformation, pressure-strain and pressure-density relationships were obtained from the test data. Linear and non-linear behaviors in the first, third and second regions of the test domain were determined, respectively. Limiting values of pressure, density, stiffness, bulk moduli, compression ratio and compression energy per volume were estimated. For the cultivars tested, stiffness values varied between 19.7 and 52.6 N mm(-1) in the first region, between 12402.0 and 5111.2 N mm(-1) in the third region. Bulk moduli ranged from 0.184 to 0.471 N mm(-2) in the first region, and from 46.886 to 110.182 N mm(-2) in the third region. Compression energy per volume and compression ratio were found between 0.1976 and 0.2916 N mm.mm(-3), and between 4.0 and 4.4, respectively.
  • Küçük Resim
    Öğe
    Development of a vibrationless sorting system
    (Spanish Natl Inst Agricultural & Food Research & Technolo, 2021) Ugurluay, Selcuk; Akcali, Ibrahim Deniz
    Aim of study: Size classification is essential in many industrial processes. Most classical sorting systems use vibrations as a means of classification function. In this study, a vibration-free sorting system called helical cylindrical screen has been developed against the disadvantages of vibrating systems and proposed to be used in the sorting of crop seeds. Area of study: Adana City, Turkey. Material and methods: The movement of the seed mass on the screen surface was formulated and the mass movement along the circular-helical paths was analytically expressed, leading to some operational parameters for evaluation in the screen design. By combining the mass movement parameters with effective separation conditions, an algorithm was obtained against the desired mass flow rate to determine the appropriate values of the design parameters. Experiments were performed on the machine, which was manufactured to sort peanut seeds into two different sizes, small and large. Main results: The results obtained in the experiments (separation efficiency, mass flow rate, effect of grain size on separation efficiency and equilibrium angle) were compared with the theoretical ones. The separation efficiency of the machine (99% and above) was quite good and is not affected at all by the small size ratio contained in the mixtures. The limitations of the theoretical velocities (axis and tangent) of a seed moving on the cylindrical sieve were found to be consistent with those obtained experimentally. Research highlights: The helical cylindrical sieve can be used for other particulate agricultural products with smooth surfaces such as soybeans, kidney beans, peas, etc.
  • Küçük Resim
    Öğe
    Impact Resistance of Peanut
    (Taylor & Francis Inc, 2013) Ugurluay, Selcuk; Akcali, Ibrahim Deniz; Guzel, Emin; Ince, Ahmet
    In this work, impact resistance of whole pod peanuts was studied, depending on its descriptive physical properties. An apparatus was designed and fabricated to realize this goal experimentally. In the experiment, a sufficient number of peanuts from each type supported on different materials underneath were struck by various materials in different configurations. The conditions of kernel and peanut shell were then recorded. The raw experimental data were processed by means of a developed computer program to evaluate the shelling percentage versus dynamic pressure, energy at impact, dynamic load, impact velocity, and dynamic deformation. Results showed that use of an iron grate in a shelling machine provided the most suitable material condition for the effectiveness of the impact method.