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    Clustering of halophytic species from Cyprus based on ionic contents
    (Tech Science Press, 2019) Ozturk, M.; Gucel, S.; Altay, V; Ahmad, M. S. A.; Ashraf, M. Y.; Ashraf, M.
    This paper presents the work conducted on the chemical constituents of some common and widely distributed halophyte taxa from Cyprus with the aim that these studies will help in the evaluation of halophytes for different economical purposes. The plant species of Crithmum maritimum L., Limbarda crithmoides (L.) Dumort, Atriplex portulacoides L., Salsola kali L., Atriplex halimus L., Limonium oleifolium Mill., L. meyeri (Boiss.) Kuntze; and Tetraena alba (L.f.) Beier & Thulin were collected in the middle of July. The shoot tissue and leaf samples were collected from the natural habitats and left for drying under air circulation followed by placing them in oven at 60 degrees C for 96 hours. The material was crushed using mortar and pestle and subjected to an analysis of macro- and micro-nutrients and biochemical compounds. K+/Na+ in the leaf tissues of the dicot species showed relatively high values depicting their behavior as Na+ includes but very low Cl- levels were recorded. Out of the species investigated here in 4 TFAA content was rather high. Values ranging from 0.5% to 1% dry weight were exhibited in one species. However, only 3 species showed very low TFAA values. Later may be due to low nitrogen availability in their environment. The phenetic analyses of eight halophyte species performed on the data matrix using Ntsys-pc program version 2.1 revealed that, cluster analysis of the overall results obtained here leads to 2 clusters. This discrimination appears to be as a result of their different abilities to accumulate either proline or glycine betaine.
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    Preservation and ecology of a living relict shrub in South Caucasus as a eco-genetic heritage from Tertiary: Epigaea gaultherioides (Boiss. & Bal.) Takht
    (Triveni Enterprises, 2020) Ozturk, M.; Altay, V; Kucuk, M.; Altundag, E.; Severoglu, Z.; Yalcin, I. E.
    Aim: Epigaea gaultherioides is an euxine element with a tertiary origin as a relict species facing threat of extinction. In this study, an attempt was made to explore the ecological characteristics by taking into consideration the soil-plant interactions of this taxon. Methodology : Soil and plant samples were collected and analysed using Kjeldahl, Spectrophotometer, Flame photometer and ICP-OES. Results : The findings showed that generally grows on sandy and/or clayey soils, of strong acidic nature, non-calcified, non-saline and high in organic matter. The plant samples collected from the study area were thin iron, aluminium, zinc and nickel; but their percentage in the soils was low. Interpretation : The findings of this study will assist to better understand the ecological requirements of this relict taxon for its possible future successful conservation programs.
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    Species composition of dry-temperate forest as an important habitat for wildlife fauna species
    (Triveni Enterprises, 2020) Rajpar, M. N.; Ozturk, M.; Altay, V; Ullah, S.; Ullah, A.; Martin, C. O.; Gucel, S.
    Aim: To determine the present species composition and diversity in dry temperate forest ecosystem, especially trees, shrubs, ground cover, birds, reptiles and mammals. Methodology: The vegetation composition and diversity of dry-temperate forest in Kumrat valley was determined through employing the 20x20 m (0.4 ha) quadrant method. In addition, fauna species were detected through direct visual observations. A total of 100 quadrant plots were randomly selected to determine the vegetation composition and diversity from July, 2017 to August, 2018. Results: A total of 7 tree species, 3 shrubs, and 12 grass species were identified, which were attracted into the study area. The highest tree density was determined for P wallichiana (3.375 tree ha(-1) and the lowest one for J. regia (0.300 tree ha(-1)). CAP tests indicated that the diversity indices, i.e., Shannon-Winner's Diversity Index (H-1=2.908 +/- 0.161), Margalefs Richness Index (R-1=3.26 +/- 0.112) and McIntosh Evenness Index (E=0.9746 +/- 0.0206) occured in Kumrat valley. Further, diversity indices of trees varied from species to species, e.g., the highest tree species diversity (H-1=2.248) and species richness (R-1=2.730) was recorded in Picea smithiana and the lowest one (H-1=0.297) and richness (R-1=0.4024) in Juglans regia. Taxus baccata (E=0.9763) showed even distribution in the study area as compared to other tree species. The direct observation observed a total of 11 mammal species (6 endangered, 3 data deficient, and 2 species least concern), 41 bird species (mostly least concern), and 6 reptile species (4 least concern, one data deficient, and one vulnerable) simultaneously within the same area where plant cover was determined. Interpretation: The results of this study demonstrated that plant cover structure and composition of dry-temperate forest is the most prominent factor that had formed a wide array of different habitats to attract the higher diversity of fauna.