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Öğe Alloying effect on K shell X-ray fluorescence parameters and radiative Auger ratios of Co and Zn in ZnxCo1-x alloys(Elsevier Science Bv, 2010) Aylikci, N. Kup; Tirasoglu, E.; Karahan, I. H.; Aylikci, V.; Cengiz, E.; Apaydin, G.In this study, sigma K-alpha,K-beta production cross-sections, omega(K) fluorescence yields, K-beta/K-alpha, KLM/K-alpha and KMM/K-beta intensity ratios of Co and Zn in different alloy compositions were measured. The alloying effects on the fluorescence parameters of Co and Zn were investigated. The changes in these parameters were interpreted according to the rearrangement of valance state electrons and the charge transfer process between the 3d elements which constitute the alloys. The samples were excited by 59.5 keV gamma-rays from a Am-241 annular radioactive source. K X-rays emitted by samples were counted by an Ultra-LEGe detector with a resolution of 150 eV at 5.9 keV. (C) 2009 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.Öğe Assessment of the mass attenuation parameters with using gamma-rays for manganese substituted nano hydroxyapatite(Pergamon-Elsevier Science Ltd, 2019) Koksal, O. K.; Apaydin, G.; Tozar, A.; Karahan, I. H.; Cengiz, E.Manganese substituted hydroxyapatite nanoparticles (nMnHAp) were produced using the ultrasonic wet chemical method. The elemental analysis was performed using Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) with integrated Energy Dispersive X-ray Spectrometry (EDX). The mass attenuation coefficients of manganese substituted hydroxyapatite nanoparticles have been measured at 59.5 keV gamma energy emitted from Am-241 radioisotope annular source with 50 mCi activity by using Ultra Low Energy Germanium Detector. These values are found to be in good agreement with theoretical values based on calculated XCOM data. Electron densities and effective atomic numbers were calculated by using the mass attenuation coefficients. Also, the mass attenuation coefficient of the real bone was determined as experimentally. The obtained results may provide information on how much radiation is transmitted through the sample when they are exposed to gamma-rays at 59.5 keV by comparing real bone.Öğe Chemical Analysis of Hydroxyapatite Artificial Bone Powders by Energy Dispersive X-Ray Fluorescence Spectrometry (EDXRF)(Office Spectroscopy & Spectral Analysis, 2018) Koksal, O. K.; Apaydin, G.; Cengiz, E.; Samek, L.; Karahan, I. H.; Tozar, A.; Lankosz, M.Stoichiometric hydroxyapatite (HA) nanoparticles were synthesized by a wet chemical method. Calcium nitrate tetra hydrate used as calcium source and dibasic ammonium phosphate used as phosphorous source. Calcium nitrate tetra hydrate and dibasic ammonium phosphate solutions were prepared by dissolving the salts in distilled water. Stoichiometric hydroxyapatite nanoparticles used by artificial bone powders and synthesized by a wet chemical method were analyzed using EDXRF method. The concentrations of K, Ca, Ti, V, Cr, Fe, Ni, Cu, Sr and Pb for artificial bone powders have been determined. Besides, Calcium contents were evaluated according to the agitation time and temperature in the production process.Öğe The effect of metal rate on the gamma shielding parameters of hydroxyapatite at medical treatment energies(Pergamon-Elsevier Science Ltd, 2022) Koksal, O. K.; Apaydin, G.; Karahan, I. H.; Tozar, A.The hydroxyapatite (HAp) is a kind of biomaterial which is used for bone treatment applications. We have scrutinized the gamma attenuation parameters such as such as the effective atomic number (Zeff), electron density (Nel), mass attenuation coefficient (MAC), linear attenuation coefficient (LAC), half value layer (HVL), tenth value layer (TVL) and mean free path (MFP) for only single liquid gamma source and a narrow beam geometry for the energy (medical treatment energy) ranging from 778 keV to 1408 keV (Eu-152) for the animal bone, iron, cobalt, copper, and zinc decorated Nano hydroxyapatite (nFeHAp, nCoHAp, nCuHAp, and nZnHAp) artificial bone powders. The gamma-rays were counted with using Ultra Low Energy Germanium detection system with a resolution 150 eV at 5,95 keV and a high purity germanium detector with a resolution of 1.85 keV at 1.33 MeV experimentally. The gamma ray attenuation parameters are calculated for the metal doped hydroxyapatite and compare with the animal bone. The results were compared with the output XCOM NIST data. While the mass absorption coefficient values for animal bone range from 0.08 to 0.05 at current energy levels, the values for metal-added artificial bone powders range from 0.07 to 0.05. While the linear absorption coefficient values for existing energy values for animal bone range from 0.04 to 0.02, they range from 0.03 to 0.02 for metal-added artificial bone powders. Mean free path values for real bone range from 24 to 36 at current energies, while half value layer values range from 16 to 25 and tenth value layer values range from 56 to 83. For metaldoped artificial bone powders, these parameters range from 26 to 35, 18 to 24, and 61 to 80, respectively. The results points that, the data of the gamma ray attenuation parameters are very close to the value of the animal bone due to the removal of calcium atoms from the structure when metal is added.Öğe Elemental analysis for iron, cobalt, copper and zinc decorated hydroxyapatite synthetic bone dusts by EDXRF and SEM(Elsevier Science Bv, 2019) Koksal, O. K.; Wrobel, P.; Apaydin, G.; Cengiz, E.; Lankosz, M.; Tozar, A.; Karahan, I. H.Iron, cobalt, copper and zinc decorated hydroxyapatite nanoparticles were produced with using ultrasonically assisted wet chemical method. Calcium nitrate tetra hydrate and dibasic ammonium phosphate were used as calcium and phosphorous source, respectively. Calcium nitrate tetra hydrate and dibasic ammonium phosphate solutions were prepared by dissolving the salts in distilled water and at different concentrations of decorated elements (iron, cobalt, copper and zinc) were appended to the calcium nitrate tetra hydrate solution. Stoichiometric decorated hydroxyapatite nanoparticles were analysed by energy dispersive X-ray fluorescence (EDXRF) with using standard method and the element analysis was determined with looking at the grain structures by Energy Dispersive X-Ray (EDX) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Not only have the concentrations of decorated metals but also calcium and phosphorus ratio for artificial bone powders been determined. As a result, calcium and phosphor ratio and metal decorated contents were evaluated according to the production values and compared previous studies. The answer to the question of how much of the contribution amounts was searched.
