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    The genotoxic effects of perchloroethylene in human peripheral blood lymphocytes and the possible ameliorative role of ?-tocopherol
    (Springer Heidelberg, 2021) Kocaman, Ayse Yavuz; Asfuroglu, Kubra
    Perchloroethylene (PCE), also known as tetrachloroethylene, is a commercially important chlorinated solvent commonly used in dry cleaning, textile processing, and metal degreasing industries. According to the available studies, the potential genotoxic impacts of this chlorinated solvent on human beings are still controversial. The present work was carried out to determine the genotoxic effects of PCE on human peripheral blood lymphocytes (PBLs) using chromosome aberrations (CAs) and cytokinesis-block micronucleus (CBMN) tests. Additionally, the antigenotoxic potential of alpha-tocopherol (alpha-Toc), a well-known antioxidant agent, on human lymphocytes treated with PCE in vitro was assessed. The cells were exposed for 48 h to PCE (25, 50, 100, and 150 mu g/mL) alone as well as in combination with alpha-Toc (100 mu g/mL). The findings of the study suggested that, relative to solvent control, PCE significantly increased the structural CA and MN formation for all concentrations. However, simultaneous treatment of PCE and alpha-Toc caused a significant reduction of CAs and MNi as compared to cultures treated with PCE alone. Besides, the results showed that PCE has cytotoxic effects on human PBLs as indicated by the significant decrease in mitotic index (MI) and nuclear division index (NDI). Nevertheless, the co-treatment of alpha-Toc with PCE did not reduce the cytotoxicity of PCE at a significant level. In conclusion, it can be suggested that PCE is genotoxic and cytotoxic in human PBLs, and alpha-Toc has an antigenotoxic effect on PCE-induced genotoxicity but has no significant effect on the cytotoxicity triggered by PCE.