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    Antioxidant effects of vitamin D on lacrimal glands against high dose radioiodine-associated damage in an animal model
    (Taylor & Francis Ltd, 2019) Eksioglu, Umit; Atilgan, Hasan Ikbal; Yakin, Mehmet; Yazihan, Nuray; Altiparmak, Ugur Emrah; Yumusak, Nihat; Korkmaz, Meliha
    Purpose: To evaluate antioxidant effects of active vitamin D (calcitriol) against high-dose radioiodine (RAI) therapy-associated damage of lacrimal gland. Materials and methods: Wistar albino rats were used and divided into three groups randomly (n = 12/group). The first group was appointed as the negative control group and received no RAI or medication. The second group was appointed as the positive control group that only received 3 mCi/kg (111 MBq/kg) RAI via gastric gavage and the last group was the treatment group that received 3 mCi/kg RAI via same method and calcitriol (200 ng/kg/day) via intraperitoneal administration. Seven days after RAI administration, bilateral intraorbital (IG), extraorbital (EG) and Harderian (HG) glands were removed for the evaluations of histopathologic, tissue cytokine, total oxidant status (TOS) and total antioxidant status (TAS). Results: RAI led to significant increase in tissue TOS, TNF-alpha, IL-6 levels and significant decrease in IL-10 and TAS levels (p < 0.05 for each). Addition of adjunctive calcitriol reversed all these parameters significantly (p < 0.05 for each).The following histopathologic parameters were seen more frequently in positive control group than the other groups: Abnormal lobular pattern, perivascular infiltration, periductal infiltration, lipofuscin-like accumulation, acinar atrophy, periductal and periacinar fibrosis in all lacrimal gland types (p < 0.05), acinar fibrosis in EG (p = 0.049), periductal fibrosis in EG and HG (p = 0.049 and 0.038, respectively), abnormal cell outlines in EG and HG (p = 0.020 and 0.011, respectively) and variation in cell size in the IG and the HG (p = 0.003 and 0.049 respectively). Conclusions: RAI caused significant oxidative stress and inflammation in lacrimal glands. Vitamin D demonstrated potent anti-inflammatory, antioxidant and radio-protective effects on lacrimal glands in histopathologic, tissue cytokine and oxidant/antioxidant level evaluations.
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    The influencer effect of Dexmedetomidine on radioiodine relevant to lacrimal gland impairment
    (Springer, 2024) Singar, Evin; Akbulut, Aylin; Koca, Goekhan; Yazihan, Nuray; Atilgan, Hasan Ikbal; Yumusak, Nihat; Demir, Ayten
    PurposeTo assess the potential influencing effects of Dexmedetomidine on impaired lacrimal glands after high-dose radioiodine treatment (RAI). MethodsThirty-six rats were arbitrarily separated into 3 groups: Sham, RAI, and Dexmedetomidine. Dexmedetomidine group was given Dexmedetomidine and RAI, the Sham group was given the same millimeters of saline, and the RAI group was given RAI only. All forms of lacrimal glands, including harderian glands (HG), extraorbital (EG), and intraorbital (IG) lacrimal glands, were evaluated for immunohistochemical, histopathologic assessments and also for tissue cytokines, oxidant and antioxidant levels. ResultsDexmedetomidine significantly ameliorated histopathologic changes such as periacinar fibrosis, acinar atrophy, lymphocytic infiltration, ductal proliferation, lipofuscin-like accumulation, and nucleus changes caused by RAI in all lacrimal gland forms (p < 0.05 for all of the parameters). However, periductal fibrosis was improved significantly only in EG (p = 0.049), and mast cell infiltration was improved significantly only in IG (p = 0.038) in Dexmedetomidine groups. There was a significant decrease in the elevated caspase-3 and TUNEL levels after RAI administration in the Dexmedetomidine group in all lacrimal gland forms (p < 0.05 for all parameters). Dexmedetomidine attenuated NF-kb, TNF-alpha, and IL-6 levels significantly diminished total oxidant status and raised total antioxidant status levels (p < 0.05 for all parameters). ConclusionsThe results of this study demonstrated that following RAI, Dexmedetomidine diminished inflammation, tissue cytokine levels, and apoptosis and ameliorated impaired histopathologic patterns of the lacrimal glands.
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    Positron emission tomography/ computed tomography (PET/CT) findings in lung nodules and masses: A single-center experience
    (Kare Publ, 2023) Akgun, Kadir Burak; Atilgan, Hasan Ikbal; Karadag, Mehmet; Dikmen, Nursel
    BACKGROUND AND AIM: Positron Emission Tomography/Computed Tomography (PET/CT) is utilized as a guide for sampling lung lesions and for staging lung cancer. In this study, we exam-ined the importance of mass size and Standardized Uptake Value maximum (SUVmax) values in predicting cancer in lesions identified on PET/CT.METHODS: We analyzed PET/CT results from patients diagnosed with newly discovered lung cancer or those presenting lung lesions in other radiological imaging. The lesion's longest diameter and the areas with the highest SUVmax values were recorded. Lesion-nodule categorization, as well as benign-malignant differentiation and cancer subtypes, were separately examined with respect to diameter and SUVmax involvement.RESULTS: Separate diameter and SUVmax cut-off values were determined for predicting can-cer in lesions and nodules. For all lesions, the likelihood of malignancy increases when the size exceeds 27.5 mm and the SUVmax value surpasses 5.428 (p<0.001, p<0.001). Concern -ing nodules, the malignancy threshold lies at a size of 15.5 mm and an SUVmax value of 4.54 (p<0.001, p=0.022). It was observed that lesion size and SUV(max)value in primary lung cancers were significantly higher than in metastatic lung cancers (p=0.002, p=0.04). SUVmax uptake was lower in small cell lung cancer (SCLC) lesions compared to non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) lesions (p=0.001). The longest diameter was higher in adenocarcinoma than in squamous cell carcinoma (p=0.028).CONCLUSIONS: PET/CT plays a crucial role in staging patients diagnosed with lung cancer. In cases where cancer is suspected but diagnosis is challenging, PET/CT findings, along with the individual's risk factors, will aid in clinical decision-making.
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    Prediction of pathological complete response to neoadjuvant chemotherapy in locally advanced breast cancer by using a deep learning model with 18F-FDG PET/CT
    (Public Library Science, 2023) Bulut, Gulcan; Atilgan, Hasan Ikbal; Cinarer, Gokalp; Kilic, Kazim; Yikar, Deniz; Parlar, Tuba
    ObjectivesThe aim of the study is 18F-FDG PET/CT imaging by using deep learning method are predictive for pathological complete response pCR after Neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NAC) in locally advanced breast cancer (LABC).IntroductionNAC is the standard treatment for locally advanced breast cancer (LABC). Pathological complete response (pCR) after NAC is considered a good predictor of disease-free survival (DFS) and overall survival (OS).Therefore, there is a need to develop methods that can predict the pCR at the time of diagnosis.MethodsThis article was designed as a retrospective chart study.For the convolutional neural network model, a total of 355 PET/CT images of 31 patients were used. All patients had primary breast surgery after completing NAC.ResultsPathological complete response was obtained in a total of 9 patients. The study results show that our proposed deep convolutional neural networks model achieved a remarkable success with an accuracy of 84.79% to predict pathological complete response.ConclusionIt was concluded that deep learning methods can predict breast cancer treatment.
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    Proliferative and apoptotic evaluations of renal preventive effects of coenzyme Q10 in radioiodine-131 induced renal damage
    (Ankara Univ Press, 2022) Yumusak, Nihat; Koca, Gokhan; Akbulut, Aylin; Atilgan, Hasan Ikbal; Korkmaz, Meliha
    The aim of this study was to investigated anti-proliferative and anti-apoptotic effects of coenzyme Q10 (CoQ10) in the prevention of radioiodine-131 (RAI) (I-1(31)) induced kidney damage. A total of 24 Wistar albino rats were separated into equal three groups (n = 8/group): Group 1 (control): untreated group; Group 2 (RAI): 3 mCi/kg RAI oral route; Group 3 (RAI+CoQ10): 3 mCi/kg RAI oral route and intraperitoneally 30 mg/kg/day CoQ10. CoQ10 treatment was started two days before RAI administration and was continued five days once daily after RAI. Pathomorphological parameters of kidneys were measured using hematoxylin-eosin and Masson's trichrome staining. Immunohistochemically; proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA), caspase 8, caspase 9 and terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase-mediated deoxyuridine triphosphate nick end labeling (TUNEL) were used to determine proliferation and apoptosis. With the exception of the control group, varying degrees of inflammation, degeneration, necrosis, and interstitial/perivascular fibrosis were detected in the kidneys of all rats. This histopathological damage was found to be significantly less in CoQ10 group versus RAI group (P<0.05). The all immunohistochemical examinations demonstrated that administration of CoQ10 had reduced proliferation and apoptosis (P<0.05). The results of kidney histopathology and immunohistochemistry demonstrated that administration of CoQ10 had reduced inflammation, proliferation, and apoptosis. These fmdings show CoQ10 can play an important role in the radioprotection of kidneys against RAI-induced damage.
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    Relationship between Helicobacter Pylori and Parapsoriasis
    (2021) Celik, Ebru; Atilgan, Hasan Ikbal; Yalcin, Hulya; Onder, Zeynel; Celik, Yusuf
    Aim: Parapsoriasis is a rare skin disorder characterized by erythematous, squamous, atrophic patchy lesions. Its etiopathogenesis and trigger factors still remain unclear. Parapsoriasis cases carry an increased risk of transformation into cutaneous T cell lymphoma. In the literature, there is no data about Helicobacter pylori ( H. pylori) frequency in parapsoriasis. This study aims to evaluate the relationship between H. pylori infection and parapsoriasis. Materials and Methods: The study included thirty patients with parapsoriasis who had no dispeptic complaint and thirty healthy individuals. The patient group was divided into two groups as patients with small plaque parapsoriasis (SPP) and those with large plaque parapsoriasis (LPP) based on clinical examination. Carbon 14 urea breath test was performed to evaluate presence of H. pylori in both patient and control groups. Results: Parapsoriasis cases had a significantly higher rate (18/30, 60.0%) of H. pylori positivity than controls (9/30, 30.0%) (p=0.020). Whereas patients with SPP and patients with LPP had similar rates of H. pylori positivity (55.6% vs 44.4%, p=0.279). Comparison of H. pylori status according to gender it was found that majority of H. pylori positive individuals were men, indicating a significant difference (p=0.014). Conclusion: Our results revealed that H. pylori infection is increased in patients with parapsoriasis. Therefore, it was thought that H. pylori may be associated with parapsoriasis and this agent may play a role in the etiopathogenesis of the disease
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    Sensitivity of [18F]FDG PET/CT and classification of the primary tumor site in patients with carcinoma of unknown primary
    (Via Medica, 2022) Atilgan, Hasan Ikbal; Yalcin, Hulya
    Background: The aim of this study is to find the sensitivity of the [F-18]FDG PET/CT and the classification of the primary sites of carcinoma of unknown primary (CUP) as a single-center experience. Material and methods: Sixty-eight patients with a mean age of 62.43 +/- 12.78 years were included in this study retrospectively. Sixty-five patients had biopsy or surgery after PET/CT, which revealed pathological diagnoses of malign primary tumors, while primary tumor site could not be detected in three patients with histopathological examination. We evaluated the primary site of CUP with [F-18]FDG PET/CT. Results: Primary sites of three patients were not determined by histopathological examination. Malign lesions indicating the primary site of tumor were identified in 52 of 68 patients with PET/CT correctly. The primary tumor was lung cancer in 14 patients, cholangiocellular cancer in 9 patients, lymphoma in 9 patients, pancreas cancer in 6 patients, gastric cancer in 4 patients, ovary cancer in 4 patients, colon cancer in 4 patients, breast cancer in 3 patients, hepatocellular cancer in 2 patients, rectal cancer in 2 patients, sarcoma in 2 patients, esophagus, renal cell cancer, squamous cell cancer, endometrium cancer, malign mela-noma, and multiple myeloma in 1 patient with histopathological examination. PET/CT was false positive in one patient. There were 13 patients in whom primary tumor could not be localized by PET/CT, but was diagnosed by histopathological evaluation. Conclusions: PET/CT should be the first-line diagnostic tool for CUP, other diagnostic imaging tools should be applied after a negative whole-body PET/CT.