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    THE ANATOMICAL AND MEASUREMENT STUDY OF ROSENMULLER FOSSA AND OROPHARYNGEAL STRUCTURES USING CONE BEAM COMPUTED TOMOGRAPHY
    (Sestre Milosrdnice Univ Hospital, 2022) Serindere, Gozde; Gunduz, Kaan; Avsever, Hakan; Orhan, Kaan
    The objective of this study was to assess Rosenmuller fossa (RF) anatomy and neighboring structures using cone beam computed tomography (CBCT). A total of 1000 patients were analyzed using CBCT. The reference points were based on the spina nasalis posterior (Snp) and basion. The length between RF and neighboring structures were measured.The mean distance from Snp to the posterior pharyngeal wall was 17.7 mm. The mean distance from right to left torus levatorius was 25.69 mm. The mean depth of right RF was 5.54 mm while the mean depth of left RF was 5.26 mm. RF, also described as the lateral pharyngeal recess, is a source location of nasopharyngeal carcinoma development. Its location is on the lateral pharyngeal wall posterior to the cartilaginous part of the eustachian tube, the torus tubarius. The knowledge of RF is important to diagnose and perform treatment planning of nasopharyngeal carcinoma.
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    A DETAILED CBCT STUDY OF 'CORONOID FORAMINA' AND ACCESSORY FORAMINA OF THE MANDIBLE: A UNIQUE ANATOMIC VARIATION
    (Sestre Milosrdnice Univ Hospital, 2019) Gunduz, Kaan; Serindere, Gozde; Avsever, Hakan; Orhan, Kaan
    The aim of the study was to evaluate accessory foramina (AF) located on the medial aspect and to present a unique finding of `coronoid foramina' (CF) along with AF on the mandible. The cone beam computed tomography images of the mandible in 979 patients were retrospectively evaluated for the presence of CF and AF. AF was found in 39 (3.98%) patients. AF located on the medial surface below and above mandibular foramen was found in 15.38% and 84.62% of patients, respectively. CF was confirmed in 20 (2.04%) patients. Mandibular AF is important for surgical procedures in the posterior region of the mandible and for mandibular nerve anesthesia. This study including CF will be useful for further studies due to the lack of literature on the issue.
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    The measurement indexes and the relationships with adjacent structures of vidian canal and foramen rotundum using computed tomography
    (Wolters Kluwer Medknow Publications, 2020) Serindere, Gozde; Gunduz, Kaan; Avsever, Hakan
    Introduction: The aim of this study was to evaluate vidian canal (VC) and foramen rotundum (FR) and their anatomical relationships with adjacent structures using computed tomography (CT) in a Turkish subpopulation. Material and Methods: CT images of 150 patients were retrospectively evaluated. Various morphometric measurements (distance from FRs to midline, distance from FR to VC, position and angle of FR, and types of FR and VC) were performed from both left and right sides on CT scans. Results: One hundred and fifty patients with a mean age of 41.06 +/- 17.812 years were included in this study. The mean distance from midline to right FR was 17.89 +/- 1.94 and 18 +/- 1.83 in females and males, respectively. The mean distance from midline to left FR was 18.33 +/- 1.94 and 19 +/- 2.18 in females and males, respectively. Twenty-three cases had Type 1 VC and 40 and 112 cases had Type 2 and 3 VCs, respectively. Three patients had Type I FR, 25 and 57 patients had Type IIa and IIb, respectively, and 93 patients had Type III FR. The position of FRs regarding the base of lateral pterygoid plate was online in 77 patients, medially placed in 92 patients, and laterally placed in 12 patients. Discussion and Conclusion: It is important to know sphenoid sinus and neighboring anatomical structures for planning of endoscopic skull base surgery because it is located close to some important anatomical structures such as internal carotid arteries, optic nerve, and cranial nerves. Surgeons should be careful in preoperative treatment planning and also during the operation.
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    Morphological Measurement and Anatomical Variations of the Clivus Using Computed Tomography
    (Thieme Medical Publ Inc, 2022) Serindere, Gozde; Gunduz, Kaan; Avsever, Hakan
    Objectives The aim of this study was to evaluate the clivus morphology, including fossa navicularis magna (FNM), canalis basilaris medianus (CBM), and craniopharyngeal canal (CC), on computed tomography (CT) images. Design This is a retrospective study. Setting Faculty of Dentistry, Department of Dentomaxillofacial Radiology. Participants The CT images of 500 patients (253 males; 247 females) were evaluated. Main Outcome Measures The prevalence of FNM, CBM, and CPC; the length, width, and depth of FNM; and CBM types were recorded. Also, a morphological analysis of the clivus (length of the clivus, angle between the clivus and the posterior margin of the foramen magnum, angle between the clivus and the dens axis, and anteroposterior diameter of the foramen magnum) was performed. Results FNM was identified in 5.4%, CBM in 4%, and CC in 0.8% of the study group. Type 5 CBM was not found. Type 6 was the most common CBM type. There was no significant correlation between the age and gender of patients with FNM. There were significant differences between the clivus length, the angle between the clivus and the dens axis, the anteroposterior diameter of the foramen magnum, and gender. Also, there was a significant difference between the angle between the clivus and the foramen magnum and age. Conclusions The anatomical variations of the clivus are rare and important for the oral and maxillofacial radiologist to make the differential diagnosis. These anatomical variations should not be confused with pathologic formations. The morphological measurements and anatomical variations of the clivus can be evaluated in detail on CT images.
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    The Relationship Between an Accessory Maxillary Ostium and Variations in Structures Adjacent to the Maxillary Sinus without Polyps
    (Georg Thieme Verlag Kg, 2022) Serindere, Gozde; Gunduz, Kaan; Avsever, Hakan
    Introduction The maxillary sinus and its variations are very important to dentistry and rhinology. Objective To investigate the effect of the accessory maxillary ostium (AMO) on the variations of adjacent structures of the maxillary sinus. Methods The computed tomography (CT) images of 400 patients were retrospectively evaluated. The prevalence of AMO was calculated. The relationship between morphological variations of adjacent structures of maxillary sinus such as agger nasi cell (ANC), Haller cell (HC), nasal septum deviation (NSD), hypertrophy of inferior concha (HIC), pneumatization of middle concha (PMC), mucus retention cyst (MRC), mucosal thickening (MT), and maxillary sinusitis (MS), as well as the presence of AMO, were investigated. Results Presence of AMO was diagnosed in 42 patients (10.5%), having been found in 4.5% of the patients only on the right side, in 1.25% of the patients only on the left side, and in 4.75% of the patients on both sides. There is an increasing incidence of ANC, HC, NSD, HIC, and PMC in the presence of AMO and MS. There is a decreasing incidence of MRC in the presence of AMO. Furthermore, AMO does not affect the incidence of MT. Conclusion This study showed that most parameters, except for MRC and MT, had increasing incidence in the presence of AMO. It is important for radiologists and rhinologists to have knowledge about the location of AMO and the presence of variations of MS adjacent structures to avoid surgical complications.