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ANTIOXIDANT ANTIMICROBIAL OXIDANT AND ELEMENTS CONTENTS OF XYLARIA POLYMORPHA AND X. HYPDXYLON (XYLARIACEAE)
(Parlar Scientific Publications (P S P), 2021) Saridogan, Beste Gizem Ozbey; Islek, Cemil; Baba, Hayri; Akata, Ilgaz; Sevindik, Mustafa
In the current study, antioxidant, oxidant, and antimicrobial potentials of Xylaria polymorpha (Pers.) Grey. and X hypoxylon (L.) Grey. were determined. Also, the levels of elements accumulated by these fungi were measured. The samples were extracted with ethanol in soxhlet apparatus. Antioxidant and oxidant potentials were determined using Rel Assay kits. Antimicrobial activities were tested using the agar dilution method. Element contents were determined using atomic absorption spectrophotometer. As a result of the studies, TAS, TOS, and OSI values of X hypoxylon were determined as 3.794 +/- 0.188, 8.609 +/- 0.171, and 0.228 +/- 0.015, respectively. TAS, TOS, and OSI values of X. polymorpha were determined as 5.390 +/- 0.176, 14.738 +/- 0.126, and 0.274 +/- 0.008, respectively. Besides, it was observed that the antimicrobial activities of the extracts of mushrooms were effective at 50-400 mu g/mL concentrations. Element contents were determined to be at normal levels compared to literature data. As a result, it was determined that X. polymorpha and X. hypoxylon have antioxidant and antimicrobial potentials.
Antioxidant Potential and Element Contents of Wild Edible Mushroom Suillus granulatus
(Kahramanmaras Sutcu Imam Univ Rektorlugu, 2020) Mushtaq, Waseem; Baba, Hayri; Akata, Ilgaz; Sevindik, Mustafa
Mushrooms are important natural resources in natural ecosystems. They have been used for centuries as a means of food, medicine and religious rituals for humans. In this study, total antioxidant status (TAS), total oxidant status (TOS), oxidative stress index (OSI) and Cr, Cu, Mn, Fe, Ni, Cd, Pb and Zn contents of edible mushroom Suillus granulatus (L.) Roussel were determined. Mushroom samples were collected from Hatay-Antakya (Turkey). Ethanol extracts of mushroom samples were obtained. TAS, TOS and OSI values were measured using Rel Assay kits. Cr, Cu, Mn, Fe, Ni, Cd, Pb and Zn contents were determined by atomic absorption spectrophotometer. As a result of the study, TAS value of S. granulatus was 3.143 +/- 0.068 mmol/L, TOS value was 18.933 +/- 0.195 mu mol/L and OSI value was 0.603 +/- 0.007. Cr content of S. granulatus was found to be high. As a result, wild edible mushroom S. granulatus had antioxidant potential.
Antioxidant, antimicrobial activities and heavy metal contents of some myxomycetes
(Parlar Scientific Publications, 2020) Baba, Hayri; Sevindik, Mustafa; Dogan, Muhittin; Akgul, Hasan
In the present study, antioxidant potential (TAS), oxidant potential (TOS), oxidative stress index (OSI), antimicrobial activities and element content of 6 myxomycete species (Symphytocarpus amaurochaetoides Nann.-Bremek., Lindbladia tubulina Fr., Fuligo séptica (L.) FH Wigg., Stemonitis fusca Roth, Tubifera ferruginosa (Batsch) JF Gmel. and Lycogala epidendrum L. Fr. were determined. For this purpose, ethanol (EtOH), methanol (MeOH) and dichloromethane (DCM) extracts were utilized. TAS, TOS and OSI were determined with Rel Assay kits. The antimicrobial activities were tested against 9 bacteria and fungi strains with modified agar dilution method. Element content were screened with an atomic absorption spectrophotometer. The study findings demonstrated that the highest TAS value was observed in S. amaurochaetoides extracts. The highest TOS value was observed in T. ferruginosa extracts. The highest OSI value was determined in L. epidendrum extracts. Furthermore, myxomycete extracts were effective on microorganisms in different concentrations. Different elemental content levels were determined in myxomycete samples. In conclusion, it was determined that myxomycetes could be used as natural agents in the design of antioxidant and antimicrobial drugs. © 2020 Parlar Scientific Publications. All rights reserved.
ANTIOXIDANT, ANTIMICROBIAL ACTIVITIES AND HEAVY METAL CONTENTS OF SOME MYXOMYCETES
(Parlar Scientific Publications (P S P), 2020) Baba, Hayri; Sevindik, Mustafa; Dogan, Muhittin; Akgul, Hasan
In the present study, antioxidant potential (TAS), oxidant potential (TOS), oxidative stress index (OSI), antimicrobial activities and element content of 6 myxomycete species (Symphytocarpus amaurochaetoides Nann.-Bremek., Lindbladia tubulina Fr., Fuligo septica (L.) FH Wigg., Stemonitis fusca Roth, Tubifera ferruginosa (Batsch) JF Gmel. and Lycogala epidendrum L. Fr. were determined. For this purpose, ethanol (EtOH). methanol (MeOH) and dichloromethane (DCM) extracts were utilized. TAS, TOS and OSI were determined with Rel Assay kits. The antimicrobial activities were tested against 9 bacteria and fungi strains with modified agar dilution method. Element content were screened with an atomic absorption spectrophotometer. The study findings demonstrated that the highest TAS value was observed in S. amaurochaetoides extracts. The highest TOS value was observed in T. ferruginosa extracts. The highest OSI value was determined in L. epidendrum extracts. Furthermore, myxomycete extracts were effective on microorganisms in different concentrations. Different elemental content levels were determined in myxomycete samples. In conclusion, it was determined that myxomycetes could be used as natural agents in the design of antioxidant and antimicrobial drugs.
Biofilm formation mechanism in fungi
(Abdullah Kaya, 2020) Uzundağ, Dilek; Yılmaz, Ebru Şebnem; Baba, Hayri
The biofilm problem is a problem that is commonly encountered in many areas of industry and causes serious economic losses. It is stated in the literature that biofilms can be removed from surfaces by appropriate cleaning methods. However, biofilm formation gains continuity over time. Biofilm studies are generally on bacteria. Microorganisms that cause infection in humans include bacteria, viruses, and fungi. In biofilm-borne infections, there may be only one or a combination of various microorganisms. Nowadays, new searches are in progress due to the ineffectiveness of synthetic drugs against fungal diseases, their side effects, and the increase of the number of pathogenic microorganisms that are rapidly resistant to existing antifungals. Therefore, the prevention of biofilm formation is now one of the most important studies worldwide.
Biological Activities of Wild Poisonous Mushroom Entoloma sinuatum (Bull.) P. Kumm (Boletales)
(Kahramanmaras Sutcu Imam Univ Rektorlugu, 2022) Bal, Celal; Baba, Hayri; Akata, Ilgaz; Sevindik, Mustafa; Selamoglu, Zeliha; Akgul, Hasan
In many studies conducted in recent years, it has been found that the beneficial natural ingredients found in mushrooms are very important in curing various diseases and eliminating disease factors. It has been reported that fungi that spread in different countries have biological activities. In this study, antioxidant level (TAS). oxidant level (TOS), and antibacterial and antifungalactivity of Entoloma sinuatum (Bull.) P. Kumm were determined. Ethanol extract of the mushroom was extracted in a Soxhlet apparatus. Antioxidant and oxidant levels were determined using Rel Assay TAS and TOS kits. Also. antimicrobial activity was tested against bacteria l and fungal strains using the agar dilution method. As a result of the studies. the TAS value of the mushroom was determined 2.64 +/- 0.15. the TOS value vas 6.58 +/- 0.23, and the OSI (Oxidative stress index) value was 0.25 +/- 0.02. In addition, it was determined that the ethanol extract of the mushroom was effective against bacteria at 200 and 400 mu g/mL, and against fungi at 50 mu g/mL concentrations. As a result, it was determined that E. sinuatum is a natural antioxidant and antimicrobial agent.
A COMPARATIVE BIOGEOGRAPHICAL STUDY OF MYXOMYCETES IN FOUR DIFFERENT HABITATS OF EASTERN MEDITERRANEAN PART OF TURKEY
(Parlar Scientific Publications (P S P), 2016) Baba, Hayri; Zumre, Murat; Ozyigit, Ibrahim Ilker
In this study, Myxomycetes were collected from four different habitats of Hatay province of Turkey during 2010-2015, including Altinozu plateau, Belen Atik highland, Kirikhan Amik plain and Yayladagi Selcen Mountain. From identificated 1047 samples, 102 species were classified in 6 orders, 12 families and 28 genera. 27 species were obtained from natural environment while 114 species cultered by moist chamber technique. In addition, 61 species was obtained from both natural environment and moist chamber technique. Physarales is the highest proportion order (29.4%), followed by Trichiales (25.4%) and Stemonitales (24.5%). The total myxomycetes ratio of these three orders was determined as 79.4%. When samples from four different habitats compared in terms of substrate types, at three habitats, dominant species is lignicol Myxomycetes (65-85%), while at one habitat, corticol Myxomycetes (65%) is the dominant type. Arcyria cinerea, Comatricha ellae, Comatricha nigra, Echinostelium minutum and Stemonitopsis amoena is the most generous species at four areas. Moreover, morphological, chorological and ecological characteristics of Myxomycetes were discussed.
Differentiation of some myxomycetes species by ITS sequences
(2015) Baba, Hayri; Kolukırık, Mustafa; Zümre, Murat
Seven different PCR primers targeting 18 different myxomycetes genera were designed and ribosomal DNA ITS1-5.8SrDNAITS2 regions of 52 morphologically characterized species from Turkey were amplified and sequenced. The studied species belong to the genera Arcyria, Badhamia, Ceratiomyxa, Collaria, Comatricha, Cribraria, Diachea, Diderma, Didymium, Enerthenema, Lamproderma, Lycogala, Perichaena, Physarum, Reticularia, Stemonitis, Stemonitopsis, and Trichia. Significant ITS region size and sequence variations were observed among the analyzed species. The ITS based phylogenetic tree did not reflect evolutionary relationships at genus or higher level. The only exception was the genus Didymium, which formed a clearly distinctive cluster in the phylogenetic tree containing 18 different genera. It was concluded that interspecies variation of the ITS1-5.8S-ITS2 region is high enough to differentiate species, but this region did not reflect the evolutionary relationships between the myxomycetes species. Hence, we suggested that sequencing of the ITS region could only be used as a supporting tool for the phenotypic identification, not for revealing the evolutionary relationships between the myxomycetes species.
Five new Myxomycetes (Myxogastria) records from Turkey
(Magnolia Press, 2021) Baba, Hayri
Myxomycetes samples were obtained from Adana and Hatay provinces of Turkey. As a result of field and laboratory studies five myxomycetes species are reported as new records. Three of the new records (Arcyria cerradensis, Craterium aureonucleatum and Diderma spumarioides) were found as natural sporophore in the area. The other two species (Cribraria spinispora and Perichaena quadrata) were grown in the laboratory by moist chamber culture method. Short descriptions, habitats, localities, collection dates, fungarium numbers and images of the taxa are given. This work has contributed to Myxobiota of Turkey.
The genus Physarum (Myxomycetes) checklist in Turkey
(2015) Baba, Hayri
Bu çalışmada Türkiye'de bugüne kadar tespit edilen Physarum genusuna ait Miksomisetlerin listesi verilmiştir. Physarum genusuna ait bir anahtar da verilmiştir
Investigation of myxomycetes diversity on Kuseyr Mountain; Three new records in Hatay/Turkey
(Parlar Scientific Publications, 2015) Baba, Hayri
In this study, myxomycètes collected from Kuseyr Mountain of Hatay province between 2010-2013 have been investigated. As a result of field and laboratory studies, 43 species belonging to 11 family and 19 genera were reported. Three species, including Didymium clavus (Alb. & Schwein.) Rabenh., Perichaenapedata (Lister & G. Lister) Lister ex E. Jahn and Trichia scabra Rostaf.) were recorded for the first time from Hatay, Turkey. Distribution, habitat characteristics, relative abundance of fruit bodies, taxonomic diversity indices and diversity of species were discussed in details. In addition, photographs belonging to these new records were taken with SEM. © by PSP.
INVESTIGATION OF MYXOMYCETES DIVERSITY ON KUSEYR MOUNTAIN; THREE NEW RECORDS IN HATAY/TURKEY
(Parlar Scientific Publications (P S P), 2015) Baba, Hayri
In this study, myxomycetes collected from Kuseyr Mountain of Hatay province between 2010-2013 have been investigated. As a result of field and laboratory studies, 43 species belonging to 11 family and 19 genera were reported. Three species, including Didymium clavus (Alb. & Schwein.) Rabenh., Perichaenapedata (Lister & G. Lister) Lister ex E. Jahn and Trichia scabra Rostaf.) were recorded for the first time from Hatay, Turkey. Distribution, habitat characteristics, relative abundance of fruit bodies, taxonomic diversity indices and diversity of species were discussed in details. In addition, photographs belonging to these new records were taken with SEM.
Investigation of myxomycetes in Selcen Mountain (Turkey) and its close environs
(Eurasscience Journals, 2019) Zümre, Murat; Baba, Hayri; Sevindik, Mustafa
In this study, myxomycetes, which have an important place in forest ecosystem, were determined. Myxomycetes act as saprophyte in the forest ecosystem. In this context, the myxomycet diversity of Selcen Mountain and its close environs was determined. This study has been made on the specimens which were obtained from 11 different station areas of Selcen Mountain and its close environs in 2011-2012. The samples were acquired from barks of trees, leaves and the materials of decayed trees. These materials were employed the Moist Chamber Culture and it was tried to develop myxomycetes sporophore. In addition myxomycetes were obtained from natural environment. As a result of field and laboratory studies 57 taxa belonging to 10 families and 21 genera were identified, and they were added to the Turkish Myxobiota.
An Investigation on North Adana (Turkey) Myxomycetes
(Chiang Mai Univ, Fac Science, 2016) Baba, Hayri; Zumre, Murat; Gelen, Muharrem
The myxobiota of northern Adana provinces was investigated on various occasions in the period from 2010 to 2013. As a result of field and laboratory studies we identified 54 species belonging to six ordo, ten familia and twenty genera. Three species (Hemitrichia montana (Morgan) T. Macbr., Physarum psittacinum Ditmar, and Symphytocarpus herbaticus Ing) were recorded for the first time from Turkey. 45 species were collected in field, 4 species were developed in moist chamber culture and 5 species appeared in both natural habitat and moist chamber culture in the laboratory. Morphological, chorological and ecological characteristics of identified species were revealed and discussed in comparison with the support of relevant literature. Fruiting bodies and microscopic structures photographs belonging to new record samples were taken with light microscopy and scanning electron microscope (SEM).
An investigation on North Adana (Turkey) myxomycetes
(Chiang Mai University, 2016) Baba, Hayri; Zümre, Murat; Gelen, Muharrem
The myxobiota of northern Adana provinces was investigated on various occasions in the period from 2010 to 2013. As a result of field and laboratory studies we identified 54 species belonging to six ordo, ten familia and twenty genera. Three species (Hemitrichia montana (Morgan) T. Macbr., Physarum psittacinum Ditmar, and Symphytocarpus herbaticus Ing) were recorded for the first time from Turkey. 45 species were collected in field, 4 species were developed in moist chamber culture and 5 species appeared in both natural habitat and moist chamber culture in the laboratory. Morphological, chorological and ecological characteristics of identified species were revealed and discussed in comparison with the support of relevant literature. Fruiting bodies and microscopic structures photographs belonging to new record samples were taken with light microscopy and scanning electron microscope (SEM). © 2016, Chiang Mai University. All rights reserved.
Kuzey Amanos dağları (Hatay-Türkiye) miksomisetleri
(2017) Baba, Hayri; Arslan, Çiğdem
Bu çalışma 2013-2015 yılları arasında, kuzey Amanos dağları ve çevresinde 10 ayrı istasyondan toplanan numuneler üzerinde yapılmıştır. Örnekler; ağaç kabukları, yaprak, çürümüş veya çürümemiş bitkisel materyallerden elde edilmiştir. Toplanan numunelere nem odası tekniği uygulanmış ve miksomiset sporoforları geliştirilmeye çalışılmıştır. Ayrıca doğal ortamında gelişmiş olan miksomisetler de toplanmıştır. Arazi ve laboratuvar çalışmaları sonucu elde edilen örneklerden 10 familyaya ait 19 cinste toplam 46 tür tespit edilmiş ve Türkiye Miksobiyotasına ilave edilmiştir.
Licea pescadorensis, a new myxomycetes record for Turkey
(2017) Baba, Hayri; Arslan, Çiğdem
Bu çalışmada Licea pescadorensis Chao H. Chung & C.H. Liu, Türkiye'de ilk defa rapor edilmiş, Türkiye miksobiotasına ilave edilmiştir. Bu tür laboratuvar çalışmaları sonucunda nem odası tekniği ile laboratuvarda elde edilmiştir. Yeni kayıt örneğe ait fruktifikasyonu ve mikroskobik yapısına ait özellikleri ışık mikroskobu yardımıyla verilmiştir
Myxomycetes biodiversity in Gaziuitep Province (Turkey) with four new records
(Magnolia Press, 2021) Baba, Hayri; Gundogdu, Fatma; Sevindik, Mustafa
Myxomycetes were cultured in moist chambers using substrate material collected in Gaziantep province, Turkey, during 2017-2019. Fruit bodies of wild myxomycetes were collected at ten locations. Rotten or live tree bark, leaves, debris, vegetable, and animal material, which were considered likely to contain spores, were also collected. Natural samples were immediately dried, and potential spore-bearing material was kept in a warm and humid environment with the moist chamber technique. A total of 537 samples were studied and 203 myxomycetes isolates were obtained, 33 of which were natural samples, 76 were obtained with the moist chamber technique and 94 were obtained both naturally and with the moist chamber technique in the laboratory. Six orders, 9 families, 16 genera and 42 species were identified in 3 subclasses. All species were new in Gaziantep province and four myxomycetes were identified as new records in Turkey; Didymium atrichuni Henney & Alexop., Didymium serpula Fr., Craterium obovatum Peck and Physarum bivalve Pers. were added to the Turkish mycota.
Myxomycetes diversity in Adana Province (Turkey) with two new records
(Magnolia Press, 2022) Baba, Hayri; Sevindik, Mustafa
Samples were collected in Adana province during 2019???2021 and myxomycetes were cultured using the moist chamber technique. The samples consisted of rotten or live tree bark, leaves, rashes, vegetable, and animal material, which were considered likely to contain myxomycete spores. In adddition, natural myxomycete samples were collected at nine different stations. These ???natural samples??? were immediately dried and potential spore-bearing material was kept in a warm and humid environment with the moist chamber technique. In total, 56 myxomycetes (205 samples; 148 by moist chamber technique and 57 ???natural samples???) were obtained representing six orders, 12 families, 24 genera and 56 species. Eight species were collected only in natural samples, 35 species were obtained only by moist chamber technique in the laboratory, and 13 species were obtained by both methods. Two myxomycetes as new records (Licea rugosa and Physarum nivale) and one new locality (Cribraria lepida) were identified in Turkey.
Myxomycetes Diversity of Batman Province and Hasankeyf District
(Kahramanmaras Sutcu Imam Univ Rektorlugu, 2021) Baba, Hayri; Altas, Betul; Sevindik, Mustafa
This study was conducted on samples collected from 13 different localities in the province of Batman and Hasankeyf district between 2017-2019. The samples were consisted of various leaves, bark, decayed plant material and animal waste. All of the samples collected were cultured in moisture chamber technique to develop myxomycetes sporophore. In addition, myxomycetes were collected from natural area on materials. As a result of field and moist chamber collection, 33 taxa obtained and identified belonging to 5 ordo, 7 families and 12 genera and added to mycetozoa of Turkey.

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