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    Effects of the Degree of Obesity on Achieving Target Blood Pressure and Metabolic Deterioration in Obese Individuals: A Population-Based Study
    (Karger, 2013) Ozturk, Serkan; Baltaci, Davut; Turker, Yasemin; Kutlucan, Ali; Yengil, Erhan; Deler, Mehmet Harun; Gur, Mucahit
    Background/Aims: This study aimed to evaluate the severity of obesity and its impact on achieving target blood pressure and metabolic derangement in obese individuals. Methods: This cross-sectional and population-based study was conducted between January and December 2012. A total of 1837 consecutive obese patients admitted to our outpatient clinic were enrolled. The anthropometric and blood pressure measurements, bioelectrical impedance fat analysis, blood sample analysis, impaired glucose status, metabolic syndrome, and insulin resistance of 1265 obese patients were compared between groups of patients separated by severity of obesity. Results: Only approximately one-third of patients with previous hypertension achieved normal blood pressure. In addition, the majority of patients without previous hypertension had higher blood pressure at the end of the study compared with baseline. The percent of patients with an impaired fasting blood glucose >= 100 mg/dL was 38.5%. The frequency of impaired glucose tolerance was 39.1% in the patients who underwent OGTT. Body mass index (BMI) was associated with impaired blood glucose, hypertension, insulin resistance, and the development of metabolic syndrome. The incidences of metabolic syndrome, insulin resistance, impaired glucose tolerance, and uncontrolled blood pressure were significantly different between groups of differing obesity severity (p<0.001, p<0.001, p=0.041, and p<0.001, respectively). Conclusion: The severity of obesity was associated with the failure to achieve target blood pressure and metabolic syndrome. Based on our data, blood pressure and metabolic parameters in obese patients should be monitored frequently and treated with caution. Copyright (C) 2013 S. Karger AG, Basel
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    N-Acetyl cysteine and erdosteine treatment in acetaminophen-induced liver damage
    (Sage Publications Inc, 2014) Saritas, Ayhan; Kandis, Hayati; Baltaci, Davut; Yildirim, Umran; Kaya, Halil; Karakus, Ali; Colakoglu, Serdar
    Objective: This study is aimed to investigate the efficacy of erdosteine usage in acetaminophen-induced liver damage and to compare it with N-acetyl cysteine (NAC) in the treatment and prevention of liver toxicity due to overdose of acetaminophen. Methods: The rats were separated into the following six groups of seven rats each: control group; acetaminophen (1 g/kg, orally); acetaminophen (1 g/kg, orally) + erdosteine (150 mg/kg/day, orally); acetaminophen (1 g/kg, orally) + NAC (140 mg/kg loading dose, followed by 70 mg/kg, orally); NAC (140 mg/kg loading dose, followed by 70 mg/kg, orally); erdosteine (150 mg/kg/kg, orally), subsequently. In all the groups, potential liver injuries were evaluated using biochemical and hematological analyses, oxidant-antioxidant parameters and histopathological parameters. Results: In acetaminophen-treated group, levels of alanine aminotransferase (ALT), aspartate aminotransferase (AST), total oxidant status (TOS) in the blood, prothrombin time (PT) and international normalized ratio (INR) were significantly increased when compared with controls. However, total antioxidant capacity (TAC) and glutathione (GSH) levels were decreased in group treated with acetaminophen, when compared with control group. Levels of AST, ALT and TOS, PT and INR were decreased in groups treated with NAC and erdosteine after acetaminophen administration, but the levels of TAC and GSH were increased. Histopathological improvements were observed in the groups treated with NAC and erdosteine after acetaminophen administration. Conclusion: The present study demonstrated that, in the prevention of liver damage induced by acetaminophen intoxication, an early treatment with a single dose of erdosteine was beneficial instead of NAC administration.