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Öğe The architecture of the lymph nodes in the abdominal and thoracic cavities of wild boar(Agricultural Research Communication Centre, 2019) Bozkurt, Yesim Akaydin; Ates, Sevinc; Kozlu, Tolunay; Basak, FeyzaThe distrubition of lymph nodes located in the abdominal and thoracic cavities of ten wild boars, and their structure were determined anatomically, histologically and immunohistochemically, to be the first detailed investigation on the wild boar. Though general localization and distribution were similar, the number of lymph nodes showed small differences from those of domestic pig. Histological investigations did not reveal a significant hilus. Besides, T lymphocytes with anti-CD3, CD4, CD8, B lymphocytes with anti-CD79a, macrophages with anti-macrophage monoclonal antibodies, and follicular dendritic cells using anti-S100 polyclonal antibody and their distrubution in the lymph nodes were detected. Many CD3 positive T lymphocytes were observed in the germinal center of the lymph follicles, in the cortical area and in the medulla. CD8 positive T lymphocytes were few, and CD4 positive T lymphocytes were not seen. CD79 positive cells were scanty.Öğe A COMPARATIVE STUDY ON THE HISTOLOGICAL STRUCTURE OF THE SPLEEN IN THE OSTRICH (STRUTHIO CAMELUS), THE KESTREL (FALCO TINNUNCULUS) AND THE OSPREY (PANDION HALIAETUS)(Akademiai Kiado Rt, 2011) Kozlu, Tolunay; Sari, Ebru Karadag; Bozkurt, Yesim Akaydin; Altunay, H.The spleen structurally and functionally belongs to the hematopoietic organs and is also an important component of the reticuloendothelial system, which is known to play a major role in host defense. The histological structure of the spleen was investigated in the ostrich, a non-flying bird, the kestrel, a raptor, and the osprey, a fish-eating bird of prey (fish eagle). For this purpose, Mallory's modified triple stain, methyl green-pyronin and silver stain were used. Germinal centers were not present in the spleen of the osprey. In the spleen of the kestrel, penicillar arterioles and the surrounding lymphoid tissue were markedly dense. Compared to the other two birds, the red and white pulps were clearly distinguishable in the spleen of the ostrich.Öğe Histological and Histochemical Studies on the Harderian Gland of the Osprey (Pandion haliaetus)(Medwell Online, 2010) Kozlu, Tolunay; Bozkurt, Yesim Akaydin; Altunay, Hikmet; Sari, Ebru KaradagThe aim of the present study was to demonstrate the histological and histochemical structure of the Harderian gland of the osprey. The Harderian gland of the osprey (Pandion haliaetus) is a tubuloalveolar gland. The gland lumen was lined by columnar epithelial cells of varying height which were filled with secretory vesicles and by dark cells found among these cells. It was observed that the secretion was produced in the corpus glandulae and was extracted by primary and secondary ducts. In addition, plasma cells were present in interlobular trabeculae. Histochemical stainings which were performed to determine the character of the glandular secretion revealed that the majority of the secretory cells contained only acidic mucins whilst the remaining secretory cells contained both neutral and acidic mucins. Furthermore, it was observed that some cells of the primary and secondary ducts epithelium had secretory vesicles containing only neutral mucin. The presence of reticulum fibres was demonstrated in the interlobular trabeculae.Öğe IMMUNOHISTOCHEMICAL INVESTIGATION OF ENDOMETRIAL LEUKOCYTES IN IMPLANTATION PERIOD IN RATS WITH STREPTOZOTOSIN-INDUCED DIABETES(Vesalius Univ Medical Publ, 2016) Nacar, Emel; Bozkurt, Yesim Akaydin; Koc, Ahmet; Nacar, AhmetOur first aim was to determine the total leukocyte profile in implantation. Second aim was to detect the changes in uterine leukocyte profile in diabetes, a common accompanying disease. For this purpose 4 groups are formed with Wistar albino rats weighing 250-300 g. Two of the groups were non-diabetic and two of them were diabetic. One of the diabetic and one of the non-diabetic groups were left pregnant. Then uterus tissues of pregnant animals were removed in the 5th and 7th days of pregnancy together with tissues of other two non-pregnant groups. Tissues were analyzed immunohistochemically with antibodies CD45, CD3, CD4, CD8, CD56, CD68 and CD79a. It was revealed that pregnancy increased immune staining of CD68, CD3, CD45 and CD56 in endometrium. In addition it was observed that immune staining density of CD68, CD45 and CD56 decreased in diabetes. In the histopathological examination, significant degeneration was detected in the endometrium of diabetic rats. Diabetes could decrease leukocyte proportions in decidua in early pregnancy periods. Therefore immune cell therapies could be administrated in diabetes related problems of pregnancy.Öğe Immunohistochemical staining of cd3, cd79?cy and s-100 on bursa fabricius, thymus and spleen of turkeys (Meleagris gallapavo)(Agricultural Research Communication Centre, 2019) Kozlu, Tolunay; Sari, Ebru Karadag; Bozkurt, Yesim Akaydin; Kurtdede, NevinDistribution of CD3, CD79 alpha cy and S-100, immunohistochemically, in the bursa of Fabricius, thymus and spleen has not been reported in turkeys. Therefore, we determined the localisation of anti-CD3 protein antibodies for mature T-lymphocytes, anti-CD79 alpha cy antibodies for B-lymphocytes and anti-S-100 protein antibodies for follicular dentritic cells in the bursa of Fabricius, thymus and spleen, which are the lymphoid organs, in a study sample of turkeys. Triple staining method was applied to demonstrate the general structure. Moreover, in all the organs positive reactions were observed with the CD3, CD79 alpha cy and S-100 antibodies. It was also found that similar areas had a positive reaction with CD79 alpha cy and S-100 in all of the tested organs. It was remarkable that CD79 alpha cy reacted positively on Hassall's corpuscles (strongly) and the reticular cells (weakly) in the medulla of the thymus instead of the B-lymphocyte positive areas.Öğe Light and scanning electron microscopic studies on the lingual papillae of 80-day-old wild pig fetal siblings(Tubitak Scientific & Technological Research Council Turkey, 2013) Ates, Sevinc; Bozkurt, Yesim Akaydin; Kozlu, Tolunay; Alan, Aydin; Duzler, AyhanThis study examined the lingual papillae of 80-day-old wild pig fetal siblings through macroscopic and light and scanning electron microscopic observations. The results revealed that fungiform papillae were located on every aspect of the tongue except the ventral surface and the center of the dorsal surface. Conical papillae were present on the dorsal surface of the root of the tongue and marginal papillae were observed on the lateral edges of the tip of the tongue. There were 2 vallate papillae on the dorsal and 2 foliate papillae on the lateral aspects of the root of the tongue. The filiform papillae normally seen in the mature stage were not observed at this stage. Taste buds were identified in all the gustatory papillae examined. On the other hand, taste pores were perceived only in the fungiform papillae. The findings acquired will surely contribute to the literature as an essential base for further related research.Öğe A Macroanatomical and Histological Study of the Uropygial Gland in the White Stork (Ciconia cicionia)(Soc Chilena Anatomia, 2011) Kozlu, Tolunay; Bozkurt, Yesim Akaydin; Ates, SevincThe present study was aimed at the macroanatomical and histological investigation and the demonstration of the structural characteristics of the uropygial gland in the white stork. The uropygial gland of two adult male white storks constituted the material of the study. It was determined that the gland was situated subcutaneously in between the caudal aspect of the lumbosacral bone and the first coccygeal vertebrae. The gland was composed of two lobes, which displayed an oval appearance when viewed from above and resembled a water drop when observed medially. Tuft of feathers were present on the caudal margin of each lobe. The present study revealed that the uropygial gland of the white stork is a simple tubular gland, which discharges its secretion into the lumen by a holocrine mode. Each lobe, possessed centrally located large cavities and a main excretory duct and displayed the presence of externally situated peripheral tubules and interiorly situated central tubules. These secretory tubules, which composed the parenchyma, were separated by connective tissue septa referred to as trabeculae, and released their secretion into a centrally located lumen. The wall of the secretory tubules was comprised of four layers, referred to as the germinative, intermediary, secretory and degenerative layers. The silver-staining procedure demonstrated that the stroma of the uropygial gland did not contain reticulum fibres. The anatomy and histology of the gland has been examined in few avian species. Up to date, this study is the first to describe the histological and anatomical peculiarities of the uropygial gland in white stork. The results acquired hereby will surely contribute to further studies to be conducted on the related area.Öğe Morphology of septomarginal trabeculae in Hatay mountain gazelle (Gazella gazella)(Wiley, 2022) Erdem, Baran; Tutar, Tolga; Takci, Lutfi; Bozkurt, Yesim Akaydin; Ates, SevincThis study was conducted to reveal the anatomical and histological features of left and right septomarginal trabeculae in the heart of the Hatay mountain gazelle. In the study, two female and two male adult Hatay mountain gazelle hearts were used. For this purpose, the materials detected in 10% formaldehyde solution were stained with Crossman's modified triple staining technique and examined under a light microscope after anatomical examinations and measurements were made. The presence of trabeculae in both ventricles was demonstrated. While the number of septomarginal trabeculae was 1 in each of the samples in the right ventricle, it was determined that it was 2 in each of three hearts and 3 in one heart in the left ventricle. It was observed that the right trabeculae were unbranched and fleshy, while the left trabeculae were filamentous and mostly branched. The lengths and thicknesses of the right trabeculae were measured 12-17 mm and 3-4 mm and the lengths and thicknesses of the left trabeculae were measured 6-15 mm and 0.5-1 mm. In the histological examination of both trabeculae, connective tissue, Purkinje fibres and blood vessels were observed, in addition, it was detected that the right trabeculae had myocardial fibres. Few capillaries were found in the left trabecula, while both more capillaries and blood vessels were found in the right trabeculae.Öğe Safranal's therapeutic effects in rat models of polycystic ovary syndrome(Springernature, 2024) Cellat, Mustafa; Kuzu, Muslum; Guvenc, Mehmet; Yuksel, Murat; Kanat, Ozgur; Bozkurt, Yesim Akaydin; Etyemez, MuhammedPolycystic ovary syndrome is one of the leading causes of female infertility in reproductive age. In this work, the protective effects of safranal against letrozole-induced polycystic ovary syndrome in rats were examined. For this purpose, 32 Wistar albino female rats were split into four groups. Each group received the following treatments for 21 days: Group 1 received carboxymethylcellulose (1%, 2 ml/kg); Group 2, letrozole (1 mg/kg), Group 3, safranal (200 mg/kg); and Group 4 letrozole and safranal via oral gavage. We identified estrus cycles in the rats and analyzed various parameters in their serum and ovarian tissues, as well as histopathologic findings. The parameters studied included C-reactive protein, glucose, total cholesterol, triacylglyceride, high-density lipoprotein, low-density lipoprotein, follicle-stimulating hormone, estradiol, and luteinizing hormone levels in serum. Additionally, the study measured malondialdehyde, glutathione, glutathione peroxidase, and catalase levels in ovarian tissue. We also examined tumor necrosis factor-alpha, interleukin-6, and interleukin-1beta parameters in serum and ovarian tissues, as well as nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor-2 and heme oxygenase-1 protein levels. In the letrozole group, the estrus cycle was disrupted, and all parameters, except for glutathione and glutathione peroxidase, showed impairments compared to the control group. The findings showed that glucose, triacylglyceride, catalase, and heme oxygenase-1 levels slightly improved after safranal treatment, however, other parameters showed statistically significant improvements. Furthermore, safranal treatment reduced the development of cystic follicles while preserving tissue architecture, as revealed by histopathologic findings. Based on the results obtained, it may be argued that safranal's antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties, along with its ability to regulate sex hormone levels and manage dyslipidemia, make it a promising solution for patients with polycystic ovary syndrome.Öğe Short term effects of experimental gastric outlet obstruction and truncal vagotomy on gut hormones(Taylor & Francis Ltd, 2022) Sagkan Ozturk, Aliye; Aydin, Mehmetq; Bozkurt, Yesim Akaydin; Kucukgul, Altug; Ozturk, AtakanGastric outlet obstruction (GOO) is caused mainly by pyloric or duodenal blockage; gastric surgery and vagotomy are effective treatments. We investigated the short term effects of experimental GOO and truncal vagotomy (TV) on gut hormone levels. We used 8-week-old male Wistar rats divided randomly into four groups: control, GOO, TV, and GOO + TV. At the end of the experiment, blood and tissue samples of the pylorus and fundus were obtained for biochemical and immunohistochemical analysis. Gastric motility decreased in the TV group, but there was no difference in food intake compared to the control group; water consumption and urine output were increased. Feces excretion and food intake decreased due to loss of food movement from the stomach of GOO and GOO + TV rats. Levels of insulin and ghrelin were lower than for the control group, but levels of cholecystokinin were higher. Leptin and glucagon-like peptide 1 levels were increased in the GOO group, while somatostatin was decreased. Leptin immunostaining levels were decreased in the GOO + TV group. Gastrin and neuropeptide Y levels were lower in the GOO and GOO + TV groups compared to the other groups. We found that both gut hormone levels related to gastric motility and metabolism, and immunohistochemical staining of the stomach tissue were altered by TV and GOO. Measuring changes in gut hormones following gastric surgery could be useful for monitoring the effectiveness of treatment.
