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Öğe Comparative evaluation of major milk quality parameters of Holstein and Simmental cows at different lactation stages under similar environmental conditions(Polish Soc Veterinary Sciences Editorial Office, 2023) Kaya, Ufuk; Ozkan, Huseyin; Yazlik, Murat Onur; Camdeviren, Baran; Gungor, Guven; Karaaslan, Irem; Dalkiran, SevdaThe aim of this study was to evaluate the composition and quality parameters of Simmental and Holstein cows' milk with different lactation stages under the same environmental conditions. Multiparous Holstein and Simmental cows from different lactation stages (n = 210) were included in the present study. MDA, SCC, composition, and fatty acid analyzes were performed from the collected milk samples. To determine the effect of breed, lactation stage and their interactions, linear mixed models were applied to these parameters. Among the breeds, only milk fat and pH were determined statistically significant as composition parameters. While C15:0 and C17:1 n8 were observed to be statistically significant for the breed factor, C18:2 n6 trans were statistically significant only for the lactation stage factor. Moreover, the fatty acids of C4:0, C6:0, C8:0, C10:0, C11:0, C12:0, C13:0, C16:0, C18:1 n9, C20:0 and C22:6 n3 were determined to be statistically significant in terms of interactions. For the fatty acid indices, SCFA, MCFA, n3 and n6/n3 were statistically significant in terms of interactions while SFA, MUFA, UFA and AI were statistically significant in terms of breeds. On the other hand, new studies are needed to investigate the differences between these breeds at the molecular level for milk quality and fatty acid synthesis.Öğe Diagnostic accuracy of milk components for pregnancy diagnosis in mid and late lactation cows(Croatian Dairy Union, 2023) Kaya, Ufuk; Yazlik, Murat Onur; Ozkan, Huseyin; Camdeviren, Baran; Gungor, Guven; Dalkiran, Sevda; Keceli, Hasan HuseyinThe aims of this study were to establish a cut-off point by evaluating the usability of the somatic cell count (SCC) and milk components (fat, fat-free dry matter (FFDM), protein, lactose, freezing point, electrical conductivity and pH) to observe the pregnancy status, and to determine the practical usage of these parameters as diagnostic biomarker of pregnancy status. In the present study, primiparous Holstein cows (n=133) were included in the mid and late lactation. Milk samples were collected in sterile tubes for SCC and milk components analysis. In each lactation period, SCC, milk yield and milk component parameters were analysed by Student's t test according to pregnancy status. Receiver operating characteristic curves were used to determine the predictive threshold using SCC and milk component parameters to discriminate between pregnant and non-pregnant cows. SCC levels were similar for all cows in the mid and late-lactation. In the mid lactation, FFDM, protein, lactose and electrical conductivity were higher and milk yield, fat, freezing point and pH were lower in pregnant cows (p<0.05). In the late lactation, FFDM, protein, lactose and electrical conductivity were significantly higher and milk yield, fat and pH were significantly lower in pregnant pH were the best predictors for pregnancy diagnosis in mid-lactating cows with the AUC values of 0.840, 0.768, 0.780, 0.772, 0.693, 0.792, and 0.901 respectively. Furthermore, fat, FFDM, protein, lactose, electrical conductivity, and pH could be useful diagnostic tools for pregnancy determination in late lactating cows with the AUC values of 0.869, 0.684, 0.661, 0.689, 0.756, and 0.841 respectively. In conclusion, the milk components could be used as rapid, easily accessible, and inexpensive markers for the evaluation of the diagnosis of pregnancy status in primiparous Holstein cows.Öğe Dose-dependent effects of simvastatin, atorvastatin and rosuvastatin on apoptosis and inflammation pathways on cancerous lung cells(Ankara Univ, 2023) Dikmen, Nursel; Ozkan, Huseyin; Cimen Acikgul, Funda; Camdeviren, Baran; Ay, Emrah; Ambarcioglu, Pinar; Duran, NizamiThe aim of study was to investigate the anti-proliferative and inflammatory effects of atorvastatin, rosuvastatin, and simvastatin in lung cancer. The effects of statins were investigated in Vero, BEAS-2B, and A549 cell lines. In addition to expressions of BAX, BCL-2, TNF alpha, IL-10, IL-6, protein levels of TNF alpha, IL-10, IL-6 were determined. Cell viability and MDA were also measured. While the cell numbers in groups with low doses of statins were found to be approximately 1x106/mL, proliferation was inhibited at higher rates containing high doses. Simvastatin, rosuvastatin, and high dose atorvastatin upregulated the BAX, while high dose of atorvastatin and both doses of rosuvastatin caused downregulation in BCL-2. All statin groups had higher MDA. Simvastatin and high dose rosuvastatin upregulated TNF alpha. While low dose simvastatin and atorvastatin and high dose atorvastatin and rosuvastatin upregulated IL-10, IL6 was upregulated with a low dose of rosuvastatin. TNF alpha was higher in simvastatin and rosuvastatin groups. IL-10 was highest in rosuvastatin groups. Atorvastatin groups had lower IL-6. Although cell numbers have been reduced by all statins, rosuvastatin is more effective on studied genes.Öğe Effects of Oxidative Stress-Related Major Molecular Parameters on Milk Composition in Weaning Period of Damascus Goats [1](Kafkas Univ, Veteriner Fakultesi Dergisi, 2022) Ozkan, Huseyin; Dalkiran, Sevda; Karaaslan, Irem; Kaya, Ufuk; Camdeviren, Baran; Yuksel, Murat; Yakan, AkinThe weaning process in goat breeding is applied in various methods depending on the breeding administration. In this study, blood and milk samples have been collected from Damascus goats at the weaning day (postpartum 105th day-weaned day) and a week later (post-weaned day). In addition to determining cortisol and MDA in plasma, COX-2 and NFE2L2 activities have been investigated both mRNA and protein levels from leucocytes and plasma. Compositional parameters of milk have also been analyzed and the possible relations between studied parameters have been investigated. While expression levels of COX-2 and SCC of milk decreased, pH of milk was increased in post-weaned day samples. The MDA, FFDM, protein, lactose and freezing point were decreased in the post-weaned day. Milk fat was negatively correlated with NFE2L2, and milk protein had positively correlated with SCC and FFDM. On the other hand, lactose was positively correlated with FFDM and protein. In addition, most of the compositional parameters positively correlated with a freezing point; they were negatively correlated with electrical conductivity. According to the results obtained from the study, it is thought that the decrease in milk fat in goats may be an indicator of increased oxidative stress in lactating goats due to the increase in NFE2L2 protein, which has a central role in the antioxidant response.Öğe Expression patterns of major genes in fatty acid synthesis, inflammation, oxidative stress pathways from colostrum to milk in Damascus goats(Nature Portfolio, 2021) Yakan, Akin; Ozkan, Huseyin; Camdeviren, Baran; Kaya, Ufuk; Karaaslan, Irem; Dalkiran, SevdaThe molecular regulation of milk secretion and quality in the transition period from colostrum to milk in goats is largely unknown. In the present study, mammary gland secretion of goats was collected in 0th, 4th, 7th, 14th and 28th days after parturition. In addition to composition and fatty acid profile of colostrum or milk, FASN, SCD, ACACA, COX-2, NRF2, TLR2, NF-kB, LTF and PTX3 genes expression patterns were determined from milk somatic cells. While somatic cell count (SCC), malondialdehyde (MDA), fat, fat-free dry matter, protein and lactose were highest as expression levels of the oxidative and inflammatory genes, freezing point and electrical conductivity were lowest in colostrum. With the continuation of lactation, most of the fatty acids, n3 ratio, and odour index increased but C14:0 and C16:0 decreased. While FASN was upregulated almost threefolds in 14th day, ACACA was upregulated more than fivefolds in 7th and 14th days. Separately, the major genes in fatty acid synthesis, inflammation and oxidative stress were significantly associated with each other due to being positively correlated. MDA was positively correlated with SCC and some of the genes related inflammation and oxidative stress. Furthermore, significant negative correlations were determined between SCC and fatty acid synthesis related genes. With this study, transition period of mammary secretion was particularly clarified at the molecular levels in Damascus goats.Öğe A novel approach for evaluating of goat milk quality: canonical correlation analysis between major milk composition parameters and fatty acid components in Damascus goats(Sivar-Soc Italiana Veterinari Animali Reddito, 2021) Kaya, Ufuk; Ozkan, Huseyin; Camdeviren, Baran; Karaaslan, Irem; Akin, YakanThe aim of this study was to investigate the effects of major milk composition parameters (lactose, protein and fat) and somatic cell score (SCS) on the variation of saturated fatty acids (SFA), monounsaturated fatty acids (MUFA), polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA), unsaturated fatty acids (UFA), omega 6 (omega 6), omega 3 (omega 3), odour index (OI) and nutritive value (NV) of goat milk in the first month of the lactation. For this aim, 120 milk samples were collected in different times post-partum (0, 4, 7, 14 and 28 days) from 24 Damascus goats. Composition parameters and fatty acid components of milk samples were determined. Pearson correlation coefficient and canonical correlation analysis (CCA) were used to evaluate the relationships between major milk parameters and fatty acids components. In addition to positive correlations between major milk parameters, significant and variable correlations were found between major milk composition parameters and fatty acid components according to the Pearson Correlation coefficient. Most of the fatty acids components were also correlated with each other. However, only the first of four calculated pairs of canonical variables was found to be significant, strongly (r(c)= 0.857, P< 0.001). According to the calculations of canonical loading and cross-loading results, protein and lactose from the set of independent variables and OI and NV from the set of dependent variables were found to be the most important variables. On the other hand, redundancy indexes results showed that the fatty acid contents may be explained by the milk components in goat milk. CCA results has revealed that multidimensional evaluation of measurements in dependent and independent variable sets can provide to researchers with important and innovative information for assessment of milk quality. Considering the multiple relationships with a multivariate approach, strong and significant relations were found for the first time in terms of major milk quality parameters in goats.Öğe TNF-alpha, IL-6, IL-10 and fatty acids in rheumatoid arthritis patients receiving cDMARD and bDMARD therapy(Springer London Ltd, 2022) Dogan, Serdar; Kimyon, Gezmis; Ozkan, Huseyin; Kacmaz, Filiz; Camdeviren, Baran; Karaaslan, IremObjective The present study aimed to examine the effects of cDMARD and bDMARD therapy on both gene expressions and protein levels of TNF-alpha, IL-6, IL-10 and fatty acid levels in patients with RA. Method Plasma TNF-alpha, IL-6, and IL-10 levels were examined by the ELISA method, while TNF-alpha, IL-6, and IL-10 gene expression levels were examined by RT-qPCR, and fatty acid levels were examined by GC/MS. Results IL-10 gene expression levels significantly increased in RA patients receiving cDMARD treatment compared to those of the control group. Also, eicosadienoic acid, myristoleic acid and capric acid levels were significantly lower in the patient groups compared to those in the control group. Conclusion The drugs used in the treatment of RA had no effect on the fatty acid levels whereas had effects on the mRNA and protein levels of the target cytokines.
