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    Effects of foliar sulfur applications in cotton crop on stomatal conductance under water stress
    (2021) Candemir, Derya Kazgöz; Ödemiş, Berkant
    Aims: This study was performed in 2015-2016 in order to determine howthe foliar application of sulfur helped reduce the effects of long-termwater stress in Carisma variety cotton plants in different periods ofdevelopment, namely vegetative growth (VG), flowering and bolldevelopment (FB), and boll opening (BO) periods.Methods and Results: The study was set up in randomized complete blockwith three replications. Development periods (OOO, TTT, TOO, OTT, OTO,TOT) were assigned to main plots and sulfur doses (S0: Control, S1: 150 mlda-1, S2: 250 ml da-1, S3: 350 ml da-1) were assigned to sub-plots.Measurements were made on stomatal conductance, as well asevaporatranspiration and yield to evaluate the physiological effects ofwater stress. The average amounts of irrigation water used in each fullirrigation were 127.5 and 138 mm respectively, for the treatment years.As for the evaporatranspiration values, in the first treatment year it wasfound between 304 and 1012 mm and in the second year from 256 to 1070mm. Stomatal conductance values ranged from 269 to 1067 mmol m-2s-1in the first year and from 205 to 407 mmol m-2s-1 in the second year withthe highest stomatal conductance value obtained from full irrigation (TTT)during all growth periods in both years.Conclusions: The effects of sulfur dosage on stomatal conductance andyield varied due to exposure to long-term water stress at differentdevelopmental periods; however, generally speaking, the doses of S1 andS2 cause these values to increase.Significance and Impact of the Study: In the Amik Plain, there was nodetailed study to determine how foliar sulfur applications changed thestomatal conductance of cotton when drip-irrigated and subjected towater stress during the different development stages. This researchrevealed in what dose sulfur should be given to reduce the effects of longterm water stress in Carisma variety cotton plants in Amik plain.
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    Responses to Drought Stress Levels of StrawberryGrown in Greenhouse Conditions
    (2020) Ödemiş, Berkant; Candemir, Derya Kazgöz; Evrendilek, Fatih
    This experimental study was carried out using the 'Camarosa' cultivar strawberry plants grown in pots in greenhouse conditions. One control andtwo drought levels were created by bringing the existing soil water content ofthe pot to the field capacity ($I_100$-control) and using its 66% ($I_66$-mild droughtstress) and 33% ($I_33$-severe drought stress) in irrigation. The experimentaldesign of the randomized complete blocks design was applied in fourreplicates with 10 pots per replicate amounting to a total of 120 pots. In orderto determine the plant response to the generated stress levels, stomatalconductivity (Sc, mmol $m^2$ $s^{-1}$ ), total chlorophyll content (SPAD, ?mol $m^{-2}$ $s^{-1}$ ),chlorophyll concentration (CC, mg $g^{-1}$ ), leaf surface temperature (LST, °C),photosynthetic quantum yield (Qy, %), photosynthetically active radiation(PAR, W $m^{-2}$ ), leaf water content (LWC, %), yield (g $pot^{-1}$ ), leaf area (LA, $cm^2$ ),leaf number (LN), and crop water use (ET) were measured in three plants pereach replicate. 1.89, 3.62, and 5.82 L $pot^{-1}$ were applied to $I_33$, $I_66$, and $I_100$ asirrigation water, while 2.59, 3.92, and 5.59 L $pot^{-1}$ were crop water used fromthem, respectively. Average strawberry yield varied between 80 and400 g $pot^{-1}$ . The increased drought stress decreased Sc, SPAD, CC, Qy, PAR,LWC, LA, and LN but increased LST. All the measured variables hadsignificant relationships with irrigation water and crop water use. Yield had alinear relationship with LST and LN and a polynomial relationship with Sc,SPAD, CC, Qy, PAR, LWC, and LA. Water and light use efficiencies werequantified and predicted through the best-fit (non-) linear models.