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Öğe Corynebacterium pseudotuberculosis infection in Saanen x Kilis crossbred (White) goats in Ankara, Turkey and effective kanamycin treatment(Elsevier Science Bv, 2008) Ural, K.; Alic, D.; Haydardedeoglu, A. E.; Cedden, F.; Guzel, M.; Ozyildiz, Z.; Cantekin, Z.In the present paper we describe Corynebacterium pseudotuberculosis infection in the Saanen x Kilis crossbred goats with abscesses located in retropharyngeal (n=29), mandibular (n=49), parotid (n=26), superficial cervical (n=40), subiliac (n=23) and popliteal (n=11) lymph nodes. The most prominent site of the abscesses was in the anterior half of the body affecting 80.89% of the goats. Histopathological examination of the lymph nodes showed pyogranulomatous inflammation. The goats were randomly assigned to either kanamycin treatment group or a placebo. The efficacy of kanamycin was assessed clinically and on the basis of a lesion score derived from the examination of the affected lymph nodes. Clinical evaluations and lesion scoring were done by the same veterinary investigator. Both owners and the veterinary investigator were blinded to the allocation to the groups. Throughout the study kanamycin treatment significantly decreased (P < 0.05) the investigator's clinical scores while no significant changes were detected in the placebo group. (c) 2008 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.Öğe Detection of slime genes and antiseptic/antibiotic-resistance genes in Staphylococcal isolates from Damascus goats with subclinical mastitis(Ecole Nationale Veterinaire Toulouse, 2019) Cantekin, Z.; Ergun, Y.; Solmaz, H.; Tek, E.This study aimed to detect slime genes and antibiotic/antiseptic-resistance genes in staphylococcal isolates from goats with subclinical mastitis in Hatay, Turkey. Thirty staphylococcal isolates were subjected to Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) analyses for detection of the studied genes. The genes responsible for slime production (icaA and icaD), in addition to oxacillin (mecA), gentamicin (aacA-aphD), erythromycin (ermA and ermC), tetracycline (tetK and tetM) penicillin (blaZ) and quarterly ammonium compound (QAC) resistance genes (qacA/qacB and qacC) were analysed by PCR assays. Slime genes predominated in goat mastitis isolates (12/30, 40.0%). The most prevalent resistance gene was blaZ, which was found in 11 (36.6%) isolates. mecA was present in 2 (6.6%) isolates, and qacA/B was found in 1 (3.3%) isolate. The other resistance genes were not detected in any isolates. Twelve of the 30 isolates were negative for the studied genes. In conclusion, the presence of ica genes in 40% of isolates illustrates the slime production ability of staphylococcal isolates in goat mastitis. The presence of these resistance genes in goat mastitis isolates is remarkable and has implications for goat milk and goat milk products for human consumption.Öğe Development of Polymerase Chain Reaction assays with host-specific internal controls for Chlamydophila abortus(Czech Academy Agricultural Sciences, 2015) Cantekin, Z.; Solmaz, H.; Ergun, Y.; Ozmen, M.Chlamydophila abortus (C. abortus) is one of the most important infectious agents causing abortion in ruminants. The bacterium is obligately intracellular, cannot grow on agar, but it needs cell culture or embryonated eggs for growth. Therefore, culture-independent detection methods such as the polymerase chain reaction are increasingly important and needed. The aim of this study was to develop a polymerase chain reaction assay with an internal control for detection of C. abortus in clinical samples. Using newly-designed two primer sets specific for C. abortus, the polymerase chain reaction assay was first tested with positive and negative control DNA and its sensitivity and specificity were determined. A new polymerase chain reaction protocol was developed by combining the new primer pair sets with bovine (12SM-FW and 12SBT-REV2) and ruminant host-specific primer sets (12S-FW and 12S-REV). In conclusion, the developed polymerase chain reaction assays can potentially be used for direct detection of Chlamydophila abortus in bovine and ruminant samples.Öğe Distribution of antiseptic resistance genes in Staphylococcus spp. from bovine mastitis(Czech Academy Agricultural Sciences, 2017) Ergun, Y.; Cantekin, Z.; Gurturk, K.; Solmaz, H.; Ekin, I. H.; Ozturk, D.The purpose of this study was the determination of antiseptic resistance genes (qacA/B and qacC) from staphylococcal mastitis in cattle in various regions of Turkey. In total, 283 isolates (Burdur: 36, Hatay: 47 and Van: 200) were studied, and the antiseptic resistance genes were detected using simplex PCR. The distribution of the qacA/B and qacC genes, mediating resistance against quaternary ammonium compounds, was found to vary among the different isolates. The qacA/B genes were found in three of the Burdur isolates, six of the Hatay isolates and seven of the Van isolates. The qacC gene was found in two of the Burdur isolates, none of the Hatay isolates and two of the Van isolates. The presence of these genes and transmission among Staphylococcus spp. strains may pose risks in the control of mastitis, as well as to public health.Öğe Effects of dietary live yeast culture on fattening performance on some blood and rumen fluid parameters in goats(Ecole Nationale Veterinaire Toulouse, 2013) Ozsoy, B.; Yalcin, S.; Erdogan, Z.; Cantekin, Z.; Aksu, T.The objectives of this study were to evaluate the effects of live yeast culture supplementation as a natural feed additive on fattening performance, some blood and rumen fluid parameters in male goats. Totally 48 hybride male goat kids (Saanen x Sami breeds) were divided into one control and three treatment groups each containing 12 kids. Concentrates of groups were formulated as isonitrogenic and isocaloric. Live yeast culture (RumiSacc, Integro Food Industry and Trade Co., Istanbul, Turkey; Live yeast cell: 1.4 x 10(8) cfu per gram) was included in the concentrates at 0 (CON), 1.5 (YC15), 3.0 (YC30) and 4.5% (YC45) on fed basis, respectively. Concentrates were given ad libitum and 100 g per day per animal of lentil straw was given as roughage. Dietary yeast culture at the level of 4.5% increased total weight gain (+15.5% regarding control group). Rumen ammonia-N level was increased with 3 and 4.5% of live yeast culture (+30.9 and +30.5% regarding control group). Ruminal total and individual VFA and blood plasma levels of total protein, albumin, urea nitrogen, total cholesterol, triglyceride and the activities of alanine amino transferase, aspartate amino transferase and gamma-glutamyl transferase were not affected from the dietary treatments. Coliform bacteria count in ruminal fluid and faeces was decreased with yeast culture supplementation. It is concluded that live yeast culture can be included in male goat diets at the level of 4.5% with positively affecting performance.Öğe Evaluation of the eye diseases seen in Loggerhead Sea turtle (Caretta caretta)(Ecole Nationale Veterinaire Toulouse, 2014) Isler, C. T.; Altug, M.; Cantekin, Z.; Ozsoy, S. Y.; Yurtal, Z.; Deveci, M. Z. Y.Fifteen Loggerhead turtles (Caretta caretta) admitted to the First Aid, Treatment and Rescue Application and Research Centre between 2011 and 2012 underwent systematic ophthalmological examination. They have got injury of traumaticum in its cranium. Of these animals, six presented various ocular problems in a total of nine eyes: two catarrhal conjunctivitis, two purulent conjunctivitis, three keratitis, two blepharitis and two corneal lacerations. From macroscopic examination, these ocular problems were seen to have been associated with clinical signs such as chemosis, exophthalmos, blepharospasm, mucopurulent discharge, conjunctival hyperemia and diffuse corneal opacity. Histopathological examination also detected an infiltration of macrophages, plasma cells and lymphocytes, mainly mononuclear cells in corneal stroma. Aeromonas spp. was isolated in eye swabs of the purulent conjunctivitis cases. All cases successfully recovered following topical and parenteral antibiotic treatments combined with systemic vitamin A and balanced fluid-electrolyte administrations.Öğe Glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase, glutathione peroxidase, total glutatione and reduced nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate in milk cells of subclinical mastitic cows(Polska Akad Nauk, Polish Acad Sciences, Univ Warmia & Mazury Olsztyn, 2019) Akalin, P. P.; Ergun, Y.; Baspinar, N.; Dogruer, G.; Kucukgul, A.; Cantekin, Z.; Isgor, M.This study aimed to determine the levels of milk cell total protein (TP), reduced nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate (NADPH), total glutathione (tGSH), activities of glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PD) and glutathione peroxidase (GPx) in subclinical mastitic cows. Milk from each udder was collected and grouped by the California Mastitis Test. Then, a somatic cell count (SCC) was performed, and the groups were re-scored as control (5-87 x 10(3) cells), 1st group (154-381 x 10(3) cells), 2nd group (418-851 x 10(3) cells), 3rd group (914-1958 x 10(3) cells), and 4th group (2275-8528 x 10(3) cells). Milk cell TP, NADPH, tGSH levels, G6PD, and GPx activities were assessed. Microbiological diagnosis and aerobic mesophyle general organism (AMG, cfu/g) were also conducted. In mastitic milk, TP, NADPH, and tGSH levels, and G6PD and GPx activities were significantly reduced per cell (in samples of 10(6) cells). In addition, milk SCC was positively correlated with AMG (r=0.561, p<0.001), NADPH (r=0.380, p<0.01), TP (r=0.347, p<0.01) and G6PD (r=0.540, p<0.001). There was also positive correlation between NADPH (r=0.428, p<0.01), TP (r=0.638, p<0.001) and AMG. NADPH was positively correlated with TP (r=0.239, p<0.05), GPx (r=0.265, p<0.05) and G6PD (r=0.248, p=0.056). Total protein was positively correlated with tGSH (r=0.354, p<0.01) and G6PD (r=0.643, p<0.001). There was a negative correlation between tGSH and GPx activity (r=-0.306, p<0.05). The microbiological analysis showed the following ratio of pathogens: Coagulase-Negative Staphylococci 66.6%, Streptococcus spp 9.5%, Bacillus spp 9.5%, yeast 4.8%, and mixed infections 9.5%. As a conclusion, when evaluating the enzyme and oxidative stress parameters in milk, it is more suitable to assign values based on cell count rather than ml of milk. The linear correlation between the SCC and AMG, milk cell NADPH, TP and G6PD suggests that these parameters could be used as markers of mastitis.Öğe A PCR method with internal control for detection of Brucella spp. from bovine abortion samples(Ecole Nationale Veterinaire Toulouse, 2014) Solmaz, H.; Cantekin, Z.; Altug, N.; Ilhan, Z.; Aslan, S.; Ergun, Y.Brucella spp. are important infectious agents in bovine abortions worldwide. The bacteriological culture of Brucella spp. is fastidious and time consuming procedure as a classical laboratory method. Brucella spp. can be detected by using different molecular techniques. The aim of this study is to develop a PCR technique with an internal control for detection of Brucella spp. from bovine abortion samples. For this purpose, the sensitivities of three different primer pairs (BgF/BgR, B4/B5 and JP-R/JP-F) were compared. Bovine 12S gene specific primer pairs (12SM-FW/12SBT-REV2) were used as an internal control. The sensitivity of BgF/BgR primers was found higher than the other primer sets. A PCR assay was developed by combining BgF/BgR primer sets and primers for bovine 12S. This protocol was tested and validated by using abomasal contents of two Brucella-positive and eighteen Brucella-negative clinical samples. In conclusion, the developed PCR method with an internal positive control has a potential for use in direct detection and identification of the Brucella spp. from bovine abortion samples.Öğe Prevalence and Distribution of Staphylococcal Enterotoxin Genes Among Staphylococcus Aureus Isolates From Chicken and Turkey Carcasses in Algeria(Hellenic Veterinary Medical Society, 2018) Mebkhout, F.; Mezali, L.; Hamdi, T.M.; Cantekin, Z.; Ergun, Y.; Ramdani-Bouguessa, N.; Butaye, P.This study is aimed to determine the prevalence of staphylococcus aureus (S.aureus) by biochemical tests in poultry carcasses. It is also intend to detect the distribution of genes for classical staphylococcal enterotoxins A, B, C, D and E (sea, seb, sec, sed and see) and for gene femA, specific for S.aureus species, using multiplex PCR. A total of 385 samples of neck skins from fresh poultry carcasses were collected during the period 2012-2013 from 16 different slaughterhouses located in the region of Algiers, Algeria. The overall prevalence of S.aureus in freshly slaughtered poultry carcasses was 41.56%, with an individual prevalence of 40.63% and 45.71% for chicken and turkey respectively. From the 95 strains of S.aureus identified by biochemical tests, 82 (86.32%) isolates were femA positive using multiplex PCR. The investigation has also revealed the presence of both enterotoxins B and D, with a predominance of seb (13.33%) followed by sed (1.67%), in the chicken carcasses while in turkey only sed was detected (4.55%) It has been found that strains of S.aureus of poultry origin can be enterotoxigenic with the predominance of genes encoding for enterotoxins seb in chicken and sed in turkey. As enterotoxins can be produced in adequate amounts to induce foodborne illnesses, these potential dangers must be considered in terms of a real risk to public health. Copyright © 2019 F. Mebkhout, L. Mezali, T.M. Hamdi, Z. Cantekin, Y. Ergun, N. Ramdani-Bouguessa, P. ButayeÖğe Prevalence and distribution of staphylococcal enterotoxin genes among Staphylococcus aureus isolates from chicken and turkey carcasses in Algeria(Hellenic Veterinary Medical Soc, 2018) Mebkhout, F.; Mezali, L.; Hamdi, T. M.; Cantekin, Z.; Ergun, Y.; Ramdani-Bouguessa, N.; Butaye, P.This study is aimed to determine the prevalence of staphylococcus aureus (S.aureus) by biochemical tests in poultry carcasses. It is also intend to detect the distribution of genes for classical staphylococcal enterotoxins A, B, C, D and E (sea, seb, sec, sed and see) and for gene femA, specific for S. aureus species, using multiplex PCR. A total of 385 samples of neck skins from fresh poultry carcasses were collected during the period 2012-2013 from 16 different slaughterhouses located in the region of Algiers, Algeria. The overall prevalence of S.aureus in freshly slaughtered poultry carcasses was 41.56%, with an individual prevalence of 40.63% and 45.71% for chicken and turkey respectively. From the 95 strains of S.aureus identified by biochemical tests. 82 (86.32%) isolates were femA positive using multiplex PCR. The investigation has also revealed the presence of both enterotoxins B and D, with a predominance of seb (13.33%) followed by sed (1.67%), in the chicken carcasses while in turkey only sed was detected (4.55%) It has been found that strains of S.aureus of poultry origin can be enterotoxigenic with the predominance of genes encoding for enterotoxins seb in chicken and sed in turkey. As enterotoxins can be produced in adequate amounts to induce foodborne illnesses, these potential dangers must be considered in terms of a real risk to public health.
