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Öğe Evaluation of clinical efficacy of gamithromycin in the treatment of naturally infectedneonatal calves with cryptosporidiosis(2021) Ok, Mahmut; Sevinç, Ferda; İder, Merve; Ceylan, Onur; Ertürk, Alper; Ceylan, Ceylan; Durgut, Murat KaanAim: The purpose of this study was to investigate the clinical efficacy of gamithromycin in the treatment of naturally infected neonatal calves with cryptosporidiosis. Materials and Methods: 5-20 days old 20 diarrheic neonatal calves were used as material in this study. Diagnosis of cryptosporidiosis was made by microscopic examination and ELISA test. Calves shedding Cryptosporidium oocysts between 4 x 104 and 15 x 106 per gram in feces were included in the study. Hemogram and blood gases were measured at the beginning of the treatment and after the treatment. A single dose of 6 mg/kg body weight of gamithromycin was administered subcutaneously. Drug efficacy was assessed by evaluating the existence of diarrhea, oocyst shedding and body condition from day 1 to 5. Results: On 5th day, the medicated 6 calves had no oocysts, and number of oocysts in feces had been decreased in 11 calves on 5th day. Statistically significant difference (p<0.05) was observed in the blood values at the beginning of the treatment and after the treatment. Conclusion: It has been determined that based on both clinical improvement and decrease in oocyst count in feces, gamithromycin was found to have moderate effect in the treatment of cryptosporidiosis in naturally infected neonatal calves.Öğe Kuzu ve oğlak akut koksidiyozisinin tedavisinde toltrazuril’in tedavideki etkinliğinin değerlendirilmesi(Dicle Üniversitesi, 2019) Ok, Mahmut; İder, Merve; Durgut, Murat Kaan; Ceylan, Onur; Ertürk, AlperBu çalışmanın amacı, kuzu ve oğlak akut koksidiyozisinin tedavisinde toltrazuril’in tedavideki etkinliğini değerlendirmekti. Bu araştırmanın materyalini, 15-45 günlük koksidiyozisli 120 kuzu ve 20 oğlak oluşturdu. Kuzu ve oğlaklarda iştahsızlık, durgunluk, emme refleksinde ve canlı ağırlıkta azalma, dehidrasyon ve siyah yeşilimsi (çoğunluğunda) veya kanlı ishal gözlendi. Koksidiyozis tanısı dışkının mikroskobik muayenesi ile kondu. Kuzu ve oğlaklara 20 mg/kg dozunda oral yolla tek doz toltrazuril uygulandı. 120 koksidiyozisli kuzunun 115’i tedaviye cevap verirken, 5 kuzu tedaviye cevap vermedi. 20 koksidiyozisli oğlağın 19’u tedaviye cevap verirken, 1 oğlak tedaviye cevap vermedi. Sonuç olarak, bu çalışma kuzu ve oğlakların koksidiyozisinin tedavisinde toltrazuril’in oldukça etkili olduğunu göstermiştirÖğe Molecular Detection of Two New Haemoproteus Mitochondrial Cytb Lineages in Ciconiform and Charadriiform Migratory Birds in Turkey(Univ Agriculture, Fac Veterinary Science, 2024) Zerek, Aykut; Ceylan, Onur; Erdem, Ipek; Simsek, Fatma Nuray; Ungari, Leticia Pereira; Sevik, Murat; Yaman, MehmetAlthough some molecular epidemiological surveys on avian haemosporidian protozoa have been conducted in Turkey, it is of great importance to increase the number of studies on the subject in this country, which has important bird migration routes between Europe and Africa. Hatay province, which is the intersection point of many bird migration routes in the intercontinental crossing, is a very suitable geographical location for the investigation of avian haemosporidian protozoa in a wide variety of bird species that use it as a route. Therefore, this study was planned to survey Haemoproteus spp., Plasmodium spp., and Leucocytozoon spp. in migratory birds sampled from this province. The animal material of the study consisted of Ciconia ciconia (Ciconiformes, n:45), Ichthyaetus melanocephalus (Charadriiformes, n:2), Pelecanus onocrotalus (Pelecaniformes, n:5) and Pelecanus crispus (Pelecaniformes, n:1). Microscopic examinations revealed Haemoproteus spp. gametocytes (5.66%) in one white stork and two Mediterranean gulls. On the other hand, nested PCR assay targeting the mitochondrial cytochrome b (Cytb) gene revealed the presence of Plasmodium / Haemoproteus spp. in 11.3% (6/53) of migratory birds. Leucocytozoon spp. was not detected by either microscopy or PCR. PCRpositive products were sequenced bi-directionally, and the GenBank and MalAvi databases were used for phylogenetic analysis and lineage identification of the isolates. This study revealed H-MYCAME08 lineage (OR227579, OR227580, OR227581, OR227582) in Ciconia ciconia and H-LARCRA01 [ H. ( Parahaemoproteus ) larae ] lineage (OR227577, OR227578) in Ichthyaetus melanocephalus , respectively. There are no studies investigating the haemosporidian parasites of these birds in Turkey, and studies on haemosporidian parasites of these species in different countries are also limited. Although the Haemoproteus MYCAME08 Cytb lineage has been demonstrated in ciconiform birds (Ciconidae) and the LARCRA01 lineage in charadriiform birds (Laridae), this study is unique in terms of reporting these lineages in different species in the same families. Inspired by this, we envisage that the expanding host range of Cytb lineages of haemosporidian protozoa is an indication that there is still a long way to go with avian haemosporidian protozoa.Öğe Molecular investigation of Haemoproteus and Plasmodium species of some raptors in Hatay province: new CytB lineages for raptors of Accipitriformes in Turkey(Springer, 2023) Zerek, Aykut; Ceylan, Onur; Erdem, Ipek; Simsek, Fatma Nuray; Yaman, Mehmet; Isler, Cafer Tayer; Ceylan, ErenAccipitriform raptors are significant indicators of biodiversity and environmental health. Currently, most of the studies on avian haemosporidian parasites are on passerine birds, and data on raptors is constricted, with similarities both around the world and in Turkey. This study aimed to investigate the presence of Haemoproteus and Plasmodium spp. in raptors by microscopy and nested PCR technique. The study material consisted of 47 accipitriform raptors (Buteo buteo: 14, Buteo rufinus: 7, Clanga pomarina: 8, Circaetus gallicus: 12, Milvus migrans: 6). The prevalence of haemosporidian infection was 12.8% (6/47, 1 from Buteo buteo, 4 from Clanga pomarina, 1 from Milvus migrans) microscopically and 14.9% (7/47) molecularly. One Circaetus gallicus, microscopically found to be negative, probably due to low parasitemia, was molecularly found to be positive. All PCR-positive amplicons were bidirectionally sequenced, and the identification of lineages of the isolates and phylogenetic analysis were performed using the MalAvi and GenBank databases. The study revealed H-MILANS02 lineage in Buteo buteo, H-MILANS02 and P-CIAE1 lineages in Clanga pomarina, P-GRW06 lineage in Circaetus gallicus, and P-RTSR1 lineage in Milvus migrans, respectively. While this study removes the uncertainty regarding the reporting of the H-MILANS02 lineage in Turkey, it is also the first report to reveal 3 different Plasmodium spp. CytB lineages in raptors. Moreover, the fact that the P-GRW06 lineage (Plasmodium elongatum) detected in passerine birds was detected in a raptor, Circaetus gallicus, draws attention to the need for further investigations on host-parasite interaction and gives clues about the host-shifting ability of this parasite.Öğe Toxocara vitulorum-eimeria spp. mixed infections and treatment in a 44-day-old Anatolian black calf(University of the Philippines at Los Banos, 2024) Ertürk, Alper; İder, Merve; Ceylan, Onur; Durgut, Murat KaanBackground: Toxocariasis and coccidiosis are common parasitic diseases affecting both farm animals and various species. While clinicians frequently diagnose these diseases in calves, mixed infections of toxocariasis and coccidiosis are exceptionally rare. Methods: A 44-day-old Anatolian black breed calf, presenting with tonic-clonic convulsions and abdominal pain, underwent laboratory and ultrasonographic examinations. Results: The laboratory findings indicated leukocytosis and hyperlactatemia in the calf. Ultrasonographic examination demonstrated intestinal dilatation and decreased motility. Stool analysis confirmed the presence of both toxocariasis and coccidiosis. Treatment with albendazole and toltrazuril led to the calf’s recovery without complications. Conclusions: This case report represents the first documented instance detailing laboratory and ultrasound findings, as well as the treatment outcomes, of a calf concurrently afflicted with toxocariasis and coccidiosis. The successful treatment with albendazole and toltrazuril suggests potential therapeutic efficacy against mixed infections of these parasitic diseases. © 2024, University of the Philippines at Los Banos. All rights reserved.
