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    Current Status, Problems and Solution Suggestions of Compound Feed and Feedstuffs Industry in Hatay Province
    (Kahramanmaras Sutcu Imam Univ Rektorlugu, 2020) Sikar, Bilgin; Cimrin, Tulay
    In this study, it was aimed to identify the problems encountered in the fields of technical, infrastructure, production and marketing of compound feed and feedstuffs production enterprises in Hatay province. For this purpose, a total of 11 enterprises, 8 feedstuffs enterprises and 3 compound feed enterprises, were surveyed. In the province of Hatay, there are 26 warehouses with a capacity of 25,100 tons and 55 warehouses with a capacity of 137,900 tons in feedstuffs enterprises. Cotton seed meal as feedstuffs, cattle fattening and milk feed were produced as compound feed. Powder and pellet production in the enterprises, bulk and sack-shaped packaging. Feedstuffss are purchased from the Mediterranean Region and processed and then sold to the same region. It was stated that it has not been exported so far, but export-oriented activities are also planned. It is determined that there is no feed analysis laboratory in all compound feed business and 62.5% of feedstuffs business. Business owners; they stated that the increase in the exchange rate, fuel and feedstuffs prices increased the cost of compound feed, they had difficulties in selling the feed and the feed money sold in time, maintenance workers, electricity costs were high and they were not partially or completely satisfied with the current status of their enterprises at the rate of 90.9%. As a result, it was revealed that the owners of compound feed and feedstuffs enterprises could not evaluate the advantage of the province, which is the border city, in opening to foreign markets improve.
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    Determination of technical efficiency in broiler production using Data Envelopment Analysis method: a case study of Hatay Province in Turkey
    (Univ Fed Rural Pernambuco, Dept Administracao, 2021) Parlakay, Oguz; Cimrin, Tulay
    The province of Hatay, where the study was carried out, is in a strategic location in terms of its geographical location. It has advantages in terms of border trade both by port, sea and also by road. Therefore, it has the potential to meet both domestic and external demand. This study aims to measure the technical efficiency scores of broiler production farms located in Hatay province in southern Turkey. For this purpose, broiler farms operating in the province of Hatay were examined and data were collected from 19 broiler farms operating in the province using the Census method. Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA) method, which is often preferred in measuring the efficiency of the data, was used. Measurements were made with the input-oriented approach under the assumptions of DEA-CRS (Constant Return to Scale) and DEA-VRS (Variable Return to Scale). The Tobit regression model was used to determine the causes of inefficiency after DEA scores were calculated. In the analysis, the technical efficiency score was calculated with DEA - CRS as 0.95; and with DEA - VRS as 0.97. It has been determined that the broiler farms examined can produce at the same output level by reducing the inputs used in the current production technology by 5% according to the DEA-CRS approach and 3% according to DEA-VRS approach. Among the socio-economic variables that are thought to affect efficiency scores; it has been determined that operators having 15 years or more of experience cause inefficiency. As a result, it can be said that broiler farms operating in the province of Hatay operate efficient both in terms of input use and economies of scale. While it is determined that inefficient broiler farms use their labour excessively, better organisation of the labour can be suggested as a measure for broiler farms to work full efficient.
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    Effect of cinnamaldehyde and 1, 8-cineole on performance, egg quality and some blood parameters of laying hens
    (Indian Counc Agricultural Res, 2019) Cimrin, Tulay
    This study was aimed at determining the effects of the addition of cinnamaldehyde and 1, 8-cineole to laying hen rations on performance, egg quality and some blood parameters. For this purpose, 96 (48-week-old and initial body weight average 1,773.19 g) laying hens of the Bovans White lineage were used. Birds were fed on a standard basal ration (PC) and basal rations were added with 500 mg/kg of antibiotic (NC); 100 mg/kg of cinnamaldehyde (T1); and 100 mg/kg of 1, 8-cineole (T2) for 60 days. While the feed consumption levels of groups T1 and T2 were significantly lower than that of group PC, their egg production was significantly lower than that of groups PC and NC. When compared to groups PC and NC, it was observed that the feed additive given to group T2 had significantly reduced the feed conversion rate. All of the feed additives used in this study were determined to have decreased egg weight, eggshell strength and eggshell thickness, in comparison to the measurements of group PC. Furthermore, when compared to groups PC and NC, groups T1 and T2 were ascertained to have lower serum glucose and cholesterol levels. However, when compared to the other 3 groups, group T1 presented with significantly higher serum aspartate aminotransferase (AST) levels and group T2 displayed a significantly higher rate of defective eggs. In result, the addition of cinnamaldehyde and 1, 8-cineole to the ration was observed to show a positive impact on serum glucose and cholesterol levels, and a negative impact on other performance parameters and eggshell quality. It was concluded that further more detailed investigation is required in this added to laying hen rations.
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    Effect of cinnamaldehyde and 1,8-cineole on performance, egg quality and some blood parameters of laying hens
    (Indian Council of Agricultural Research, 2019) Cimrin, Tulay
    This study was aimed at determining the effects of the addition of cinnamaldehyde and 1, 8-cineole to laying hen rations on performance, egg quality and some blood parameters. For this purpose, 96 (48-week-old and initial body weight average 1,773.19 g) laying hens of the Bovans White lineage were used. Birds were fed on a standard basal ration (PC) and basal rations were added with 500 mg/kg of antibiotic (NC); 100 mg/kg of cinnamaldehyde (T1); and 100 mg/kg of 1, 8-cineole (T2) for 60 days. While the feed consumption levels of groups T1 and T2 were significantly lower than that of group PC, their egg production was significantly lower than that of groups PC and NC. When compared to groups PC and NC, it was observed that the feed additive given to group T2 had significantly reduced the feed conversion rate. All of the feed additives used in this study were determined to have decreased egg weight, eggshell strength and eggshell thickness, in comparison to the measurements of group PC. Furthermore, when compared to groups PC and NC, groups T1 and T2 were ascertained to have lower serum glucose and cholesterol levels. However, when compared to the other 3 groups, group T1 presented with significantly higher serum aspartate aminotransferase (AST) levels and group T2 displayed a significantly higher rate of defective eggs. In result, the addition of cinnamaldehyde and 1, 8-cineole to the ration was observed to show a positive impact on serum glucose and cholesterol levels, and a negative impact on other performance parameters and eggshell quality. It was concluded that further more detailed investigation is required in this added to laying hen rations. © 2019 Indian Council of Agricultural Research. All rights reserved.
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    Effects of an antibiotic and two phytogenic substances (cinnamaldehyde and 1,8-cineole) on yolk fatty acid profile and storage period -associated egg lipid peroxidation level
    (Revista Brasileira Zootecnia Brazilian Journal Animal Sci, 2020) Cimrin, Tulay; Tunca, Rahsan Ivgin; Avsaroglu, M. Dilek; Ayasan, Tugay; Kucukersan, Seher
    This study was aimed at determining the effects of two phytogenic antioxidants, namely, cinnamaldehyde and 1,8-cineole, and an antibiotic added to laying hen feed on the fatty acid profile of egg yolk and the weight loss and lipid peroxidation levels of eggs stored for different periods. Ninety-six 48-week-old Bovans White hens were randomly assigned to four groups, each with four replicates of six hens per replicate. The four groups were provided with the following feeds: maize and soybean-based laying hen feed, basal ration (control group); basal ration added 500 mg/kg of an antibiotic; basal ration added 100 mg/kg of cinnamaldehyde; and basal ration added 100 mg/kg of 1,8-cineole. At the end of an eight-week feeding schedule, 48 eggs, including 12 from each group, were used for yolk fatty acid analysis. In total, 240 eggs, including 48 eggs for each of the five different storage periods tested (1, 14, 28, 42, and 56 days), were collected for the detection of egg weight loss and yolk malondialdehyde (MDA) levels. The feed supplements cinnamaldehyde and 1,8-cineole were determined to have significantly reduced lipid peroxidation in the yolk of eggs stored for 14, 28, 42, and 56 days, when compared with the results of the control group and antibiotic-treated group. Furthermore, dietary cinnamaldehyde supplementation was determined to have decreased the yolk level of myristic acid, a saturated fatty acid, and to have increased the yolk level of oleic acid, the major unsaturated fatty acid found in egg yolk (46.28%) in comparison with the levels measured in the other three groups. Cinnamaldehyde and 1,8-cineole were determined to extend the shelf life of eggs by providing protection against free oxygen radicals. Cinnamaldehyde could be used as an alternative feed supplement to enrich the yolk fatty acid profile in unsaturated fatty acids.
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    Effects of black cumin (Nigella sativa L.) seed on growth performance, blood parameters, liver oxidant/anti-oxidant levels and fatty liver syndrome in quails
    (Urmia Univ, 2023) Cimrin, Tulay; Alasahan, Sema; Kazak, Filiz; Kutlu, Tuncer; Kisacam, Mehmet Ali
    This research aimed to evaluate the effect of different doses of black cumin (Nigella sativa L.) seed (BCS) on growth performance, blood parameters, liver oxidant/anti-oxidant levels and fatty liver syndrome in quails. Four hundred and thirty-two unsexed (male and female) three-day-old Japanese quail (Coturnix coturnix japonica) chicks were divided into four treatment groups (108 chicks per group) with six replicates (18 chicks per replicate). Control and experimental groups were fed for 35 days with basal quail feed including 0.00, 0.50, 1.00 and 2.00% BCS supplement, respectively. At the end, a total of 96 quails, 24 from each group (12 females and 12 males) were slaughtered. The BCS-addition did not affect the growth performance in the experimental groups compared to the control group. Addition of BCS to the diet significantly decreased serum aspartate aminotransferase, lactate dehydrogenase and urea amounts compared to the controls. Whereas, cholesterol decreased significantly with the addition of only 1.00% and low-density lipoprotein with the addition of 0.50 and 1.00% BCS compared to the controls. Liver glutathione levels significantly elevated in 0.50 and 1.00% BCS fed groups; while, glutathione peroxidase levels significantly decreased in 1.00 and 2.00% BCS fed groups. Adding 1.00 and 2.00% BCS to the feed reduced fatty liver incidence in male quails. It is concluded that adding 0.50 and 1.00% BCS positively affects the blood and liver parameters; therefore, BCS may be suggested as an anti-oxidant source to help protect hepatocytes against tissue damage as it has a significant effect on maintaining oxidant and anti-oxidant balance.(c) 2023 Urmia University. All rights reserved.