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    Enzyme activity and genetic polymorphisms in patients with type II diabetes mellitus
    (Wroclaw Medical Univ, 2020) Arpaci, Abdullah; Yalin, Serap; Ecevit, Hasret; Comelekoglu, Ulku; Mete, Turkan
    Background. Diabetes mellitus (DM) has become more and more common and has a high morbidity and mortality rate worldwide. It is a multifactorial chronic disease affected by both genetic and environmental factors. Objectives. To evaluate the association between antioxidant enzyme activities and their genetic variations and the level of malondialdehyde (MDA) in type II diabetes patients living in the Adlyaman province in the southeast part of Turkey. Material and methods. One hundred patients diagnosed with type II DM (T2DM) and 100 healthy controls were included in the study. Malondialdehyde levels and antioxidant enzyme activities were measured spectrophometrically. DNA isolation was performed and genotyping was carried out using polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR-RFLP). Results. Our results revealed no significant differences in genotype distributions and allele frequencies of all polymorphisms between groups (p > 0.05). Significantly elevated MDA levels and a significant reduction in catalase (CAT) and paraoxonase (PON) enzyme activities were observed in patients compared to the control group in terms of study groups and genetic variations (p < 0.05). Moreover, CAT activity was reduced in TT genotype in terms of CAT -262 C/T polymorphism in patients (p < 0.05). Paraoxonase activity was observed to be lower in MM genotype in both groups (p < 0.05). Conclusions. CAT-262 C/T polymorphism may be one of the factors that lead to severe clinical situation in DM. Our results suggest that TT genotype may be more prone to lipid peroxidation.
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    Investigation of antioxidant enzyme polymorphism in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease patients
    (Scientific Publishers of India, 2018) Arpaci, Abdullah; Yalin, Serap; Taskin, Devrim; Fakioglu, Fusun; Ulutas, Kemal Turker; Comelekoglu, Ulku
    Background: Antioxidant system enzyme activity and polymorphism were investigated in Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD), which is increasingly prevalent both in the world and our country. Methods: Malondialdehyde (MDA) was measured to determine lipid peroxidation, while Catalase (CAT), Paraoxonase (PON) and Superoxide Dismutase (SOD) enzyme activities were measured to determine antioxidant activity. For molecular analysis, leukocytes were separated and DNA was isolated from cell nuclei and the targeted genes were amplified by using PCR. Targeted base changes were detected by the restriction fragment length polymorphism technique. Results: Evaluating CAT polymorphism, there was 35 (35%) TT, 52 (52%) TC and 13 (13%) CC genotypes in the control group, as 38 (38%) TT, 40 (40%) TC and 22 (22%) CC genotypes in the patient. In SOD, there were 32 (32%) TT, 49 (49%) TC, 19 (19%) CC genotypes in the control group, as 34 (34%) TT, 50 (50%) TC and 16 (16%) CC genotypes in the patient. In PON55, there were 50 (50%) LL, 38 (38%) LM, 12 (12%) MM genotypes in the control group, as 39 (39%) LL, 49 (49%) LM and 12 (12%) MM genotypes in the patient. In PON192, there were 77 (77%) QQ, 21 (21%) QR, 2 (2%) RR genotypes in the control group, as 66 (66%) QQ, 29 (49%) QR, 5 (5%) RR genotypes in the patient. There was no significant difference in genotype distribution for CAT, SOD, PON55 and PON192 polymorphisms between groups. Conclusion: In conclusion, COPD patients were found to have a deficiency in the antioxidant defense system. This will lead to the development of oxidative stress in patients and the complications of COPD. There was no polymorphic difference between the control group and South African patients living in Adiyaman in COPD whose genetic characteristics were not fully explained. © 2018, Scientific Publishers of India. All rights reserved.