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Öğe EFFECT OF DIFFERENT ROOTSTOCKS ON POLLEN FERTILITY OF INTERSPECIFIC EGGPLANT HYBRID (SOLANUMMELONGENA L. X SOLANUM TORVUM SW.) GENOTYPES(Pakistan Agricultural Scientists Forum, 2022) Dayan, A.; Curuk, S.The major bottleneck in interspecific hybridization is the sterility of the hybrid individuals. Different methods such as tissue culture techniques, molecular studies and grafting are used to overcome the sterility barriers as a result of hybridization between species. In the present study, the grafting method was used to overcome the low pollen fertility of hybrid plants obtained from the hybridization between Solanum melongena and Solanum torvum. Three different rootstocks with high fertility (Pala, Faselis F1, and S. torvum) were used for grafting. Three interspecific hybrids (8/I-3, 8/II-1 and 8/IV-2) were used as the scion. Pollen viability and pollen germination rates of these genotypes were determined. According to the data obtained, it was determined that the pollen viability and germination were affected significantly by the rootstock-genotype combination. The highest rate of pollen viability and pollen germination was obtained from Pala -8/II-1 combination. The rate of pollen stained in red + pink of the 8/II-1 genotype grafted on Pala rootstock increased 98.00 times and the pollen ratio stained only in red increased 77.87 times, compared to the non-grafted. The Pala was determined as the most suitable rootstock for the interspecific hybrids.Öğe Effect of grafting on morphology of Solanum melongena and Solanum torvum Sw. hybrids(International Society for Horticultural Science, 2020) Curuk, S.; Cegil, I.; Doksoz, S.Solanum melongena is susceptible to numerous diseases and parasites, particularly the bacterial and fungal (Fusarium and Verticillium) wilts, nematodes and some insects. Solanum torvum is resistant to Verticillium wilt, root-knot nematodes as well to some mycoplasmas. It is known that interspecific hybrids resulting from cross hybridization of these species are almost sterile. The objective of this study was to investigate the effect of grafting on the morphology of interspecific diploid and tetraploid hybrid (Solanum melongena × Solanum torvum) plants. The plants of two interspecific hybrid genotypes (AU2/I-6, AU4/I-10) were obtained by in vitro germination of seeds produced by crossing Solanum torvum and the eggplant cultivar, 'Faselis F1'. The buds of these 2 interspecific diploids and 2 tetraploids (autotetraploid Kol53, amphidiploid U4/IV-I-4) genotypes that were obtained by colchicine application were grafted on 'Pala' and 'Faselis F1' rootstocks. Then the grafted plants were grown in a glasshouse and the morphological characteristics were studied. In diploid genotypes, grafting significantly affected some properties of the plant; such as branch number, leaf blade width, and length, leaf lobbing, petiole length, leaf hair, inflorescence type, flower or bud number per inflorescence, calyx length, corolla number and width. However, the effect of grafting was not significant in tetraploid genotypes. © 2020 International Society for Horticultural Science. All rights reserved.Öğe A novel pathway for rapid shoot regeneration from the proximal zone of the hypocotyl of melon (Cucumis melo L.)(Society for In Vitro Biology, 2002) Curuk, S.; Elman, C.; Schlarman, E.; Sagee, O.; Shomer, I.; Cetiner, S.; Gray, D.J.Hypocotyl explants of melon (Cucumis melo L.) are capable of regenerating multiple shoots on Murashige and Skoog (1962) medium, augmented with 4.4 ?M benzyladenine. Regeneration from the hypocotyl is much more rapid than the more commonly reported regeneration from cotyledonary explants, producing shoots within 2 wk compared to more than a month required for cotyledon explants. The rapid regeneration response depends on the presence of a fragment of the cotyledon remaining attached to the hypocotyl. Controls were performed to ensure that the regeneration was not due to the presence of the shoot apical bud of the melon seedling after explant production. Scanning electron microscopy revealed that microsurgery to remove the apical bud left no excess bud material. Regeneration from the proximal part of the hypocotyl was due to production of a new shoot apical meristem, observed by histology. The apical meristem can be produced before leaf primordia in regeneration from the hypocotyl, in contrast to the regeneration process from the melon cotyledon.Öğe PRODUCTION OF DIPLOID AND AMPHIDIPLOID INTERSPECIFIC HYBRIDS OF EGGPLANT AND SOLANUM TORVUM, AND POLLEN FERTILITY(Pakistan Agricultural Scientists Forum, 2018) Curuk, S.; Dayan, A.Eggplant (Solanum melongena L.) is susceptible to several pathogens and pests. However, Solanum torvum is resistant to Verticillium, bacterial wilts, root-knot nematode and some mycoplasmas. Sterile interspecific hybrids have been obtained from sexual or somatic hybridization studies of these species. The objective of this study is identifying a protocol that allows production a large number of interspecific hybrid plants between S. melongena and S. torvum by using in vitro embryo rescue and increasing the fertility by chromosome doubling to overcome the interspecific incompatibility problem. Seventy-seven interspecific hybrid genotypes from eggplant cultivar Faselis F-1 x S. torvum crossing were produced by in vitro embryo rescue from the seeds or underdeveloped ovules. Pollen viability and germination of the 50 interspecific hybrid genotypes were examined. The lowest and highest pollen viabilities in interspecific hybrid genotypes were 0.0% and 11.11%, respectively. The in vitro pollen germination of interspecific hybrids was by 0.0-1.36%. However, there was no fruit setting when the interspecific hybrid genotypes were backcrossed as a female with the parental species. The amphidiploid plants of some interspecific hybrid genotypes were obtained by 0.03% colchicine application. The pollen viability and germination percentages of the amphidiploid genotype were 11.57 and 9.43 fold of its diploid origin genotype, respectively.
