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    IDENTIFICATION OF PHENOLOGICAL PERIODS AND YIELD, QUALITY AND VEGETATIVE CHARACTERISTICS OF SOME WINE GRAPES GROWN IN THE EASTERN MEDITERRANEAN REGION OF TURKEY
    (Univ Life Sciences Lublin, 2020) Demirkeser, Ozge Kaya; Kamiloglu, Onder
    It is possible to talk about the wine culture, from past to present, in the historical texture in the Eastern Mediterranean region of Turkey. This study was carried out in Belen district of Hatay province located in the Eastern Mediterranean region. Wine grape cultivars 'Syrah', 'Merlot', 'Sangiovese', 'Cabernet Sauvignon' and 'Sauvignon Blanc' were researched for 2 years (2016 and 2017) in terms of phenological characteristics, effective heat summation (EHS) requests and maturity time, some quality characteristics and grapevine yield and vegetative growth. Under the conditions of the study, bud break of cultivars took place at the end of March, blooming in late April-early May, and maturity in late July-early August. Bud break-maturity period EHS requests of cultivars ranged from 1540.9 to 1999.2 d.d. (day.degree). Cultivars reached the optimum total soluble solids (TSS) values under the regional conditions, while the total acidity (TA) content was low in cultivar 'Sauvignon Blanc'. In color cultivars, maturity index were found to be in the range of the optimum values. Berry weight values of the cultivars ranged from 1.06 g ('Cabernet Sauvignon') to 2.15 g ('Sangiovese'). Ravaz index values were low due to high vegetative growth. It was foreseen that this situation could be put under control via summer pruning. It was concluded that wine grape could be grown at sufficient quality and yield level with cultivars 'Sangiovese', 'Merlot', 'Cabernet Sauvignon' and 'Syrah' under the conditions of Belen where the study was conducted.
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    PHYSIOLOGICAL RESPONSES OF DIFFERENT GRAPEVINE GENOTYPES (Vitis spp.) TO VARIABLE TEMPERATURES ARTIFICIALLY ESTABLISHED AS CLIMATE CHANGE SCENERY
    (Univ Agronomic Sciences & Veterinary Medicine Bucharest - Usamv, 2024) Gayretli, Yasin; Abdulhadi, Sarmad Aydn Abdulhadi; Demirkeser, Ozge Kaya; Turkoglu, Irem; Aslan, Busra; Sabir, Ali
    Extremes in temperature resulting from global warming significantly threaten agriculture worldwide. Obtaining reliable information about the unique response of cultivars to changing environmental conditions can help employ precision practices for better plant physiology and growth.Researches on the effect of high temperatures on vines have generally focused on characteristics such as phenology, growth, yield, and fruit composition. Experimental knowledge about the effects of high temperatures on vine physiology largely remains insufficient. In this study, physiological responses of three different grapevine genotypes ['Michelle Palieri', 'Black Magic' and the rootstock 41 B (Vinifera x Berlandieri)] to three different temperature conditions were established using glasshouses and open vineyard. The conditions were (I) optimum temperature (OT, maintaining a day time average of 25 +/- 2 degrees C), (II) low temperature (LT, maintaining a day time average of 17 +/- 2 degrees C), and (III) high temperature (maintaining a day time average of 33 +/- 2 degrees C) during the study period. OT and HT conditions were established by using two different climate controlled glasshouses while LT occurrednaturally under the temperate zone condition of open vineyard. The highest gs values were always determined under OT condition, while the gs values were far below the literature at LT and HT conditions for all genotypes. Leaf temperature consistently increased with the increase in environmental temperature across the grapevines.The soil temperature around the efficient root zone was as high as 29.7 degrees C, around the upper threshold level of the optimum photosynthesis for grapevines, while the soil temperatures for other conditions were in recommended levels.The general findings revealed that the different temperature conditions directly affected the physiology of the grapevines with adverse effects of high or low temperatures outside the optimum levels. 41 B showed higher sensitivities to changing temperatures than those of V. vinifera cultivars. Differential responses of the genotypes revealed the importance of the use concrete and more stress tolerable cultivar to cope with the constrains of the climate change on viticulture.