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The analysis of PV power potential and system installation in Manavgat, Turkey-A case study in winter season
(Pergamon-Elsevier Science Ltd, 2014) Kesler, Selami; Kivrak, Sinan; Dincer, Furkan; Rustemli, Sabir; Karaaslan, Muharrem; Unal, Emin; Erdiven, Utku
This study presents an analysis of solar energy potential and data with seasonal variation in region of Manavgat in Antalya, which has one of the highest solar energy potential in Europe. Expectation in the region is simulated for every month and measurements taken from PV power system installed there are compared with simulated results in winter season. Also, some actual harvested data from thin films and monociystalline types are presented as a case study to evaluate the solar energy potential of the region, comparatively. Besides, importance of the sun tracking system is emphasized by simulation studies via PV Geographical Information System (PVGIS) from point of increasing the yields in selected region. Estimated results from two-axis tracking system are evaluated and compared with output of the fixed-angle PV systems installed there for both thin film and monocrystalline type PV panels. Also, temperature effects on performance of the PV systems are reviewed briefly because of daily high temperature of the region. In particular, it is observed that harvested solar energy from thin film type panels is close to the monocrystalline types, depending on the less effects of high ambient temperature on thin film PV panel's efficiency with respect to the monociystalline type. Specifically, despite the high solar energy potential, this PV power system installation is the first project in the region. Thanks to this project it is evaluated that thin-film PV panels can be used in the region more favorable, which can be obtained cheaper than the others. Crown Copyright (C) 2014 Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
The analysis on sun tracking and cooling systems for photovoltaic panels
(Pergamon-Elsevier Science Ltd, 2013) Rustemli, Sabir; Dincer, Furkan; Unal, Emin; Karaaslan, Muharrem; Sabah, Cumali
This paper presents a review study on the effects of sun tracking and cooling systems. So far, many studies (and case studies too) have been analyzed and evaluated in the literature. Existing studies show that sun tracking system is significantly affecting energy generation capacity of photovoltaic panel. Other effecting parameter is the cooling system which has small effect on PV panel power generation but this totally depends on the location of installation system. Crown Copyright (C) 2013 Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
The analysis on the impact of the roof angle on electricity energy generation of photovoltaic panels in Kahramanmaras, Turkey-A case study for all seasons
(Aip Publishing, 2015) Yilmaz, Saban; Ozcalik, Hasan Riza; Dincer, Furkan
Photovoltaic (PV) panels absorb solar energy most when solar radiation perpendicularly reaches on upon surface. This leads to the notion of optimal roof angle. Optical and geometrical properties of the panels are of vital importance in order to obtain maximum energy from the Sun. Therefore, this study focuses on the horizontal roof angle which has a crucial impact on the performance of PV panels. Total solar radiation, optimal roof angle and effects of different angles on PV panels in Kahramanmaras province of Turkey on different days are numerically and experimentally analyzed and discussed. Additionally, roof angle influences the amount of solar radiation reaching on the surface and varies depending on the geographic location and seasons. 7.9% more energy can be generated in the proposed systems where roof angle can be daily adjusted. This greatly influences the amount of solar energy when optimal roof angles are calculated annually depending on the seasons in a region. However, it is quite costly and challenging to adjust the roof angle as far as a building is concerned. (C) 2015 AIP Publishing LLC.
Asymmetric transmission of linearly polarized electromagnetic waves using chiral metamaterials with constant chirality over a certain frequency band
(World Scientific Publ Co Pte Ltd, 2014) Dincer, Furkan; Karaaslan, Muharrem; Akgol, Oguzhan; Unal, Emin; Sabah, Cumali
In this study, a dynamic chiral metamaterial (MTM) structure leading to an asymmetric electromagnetic (EM) wave transmission for linear polarization is presented. The structure is composed of square-shaped resonator with gaps on both sides of a dielectric substrate with a certain degree of rotation. The dynamic structure is adjustable via various parameters to fit any desired frequency ranges. Theoretical and experimental analysis of the proposed structure are conducted and given in detail. The suggested model can provide constant chirality over a certain frequency band and thus, it can be used to design myriad novel devices such as EM transmission and antireflection filters, and polarization rotators for desired frequency
Asymmetric transmission of linearly polarized light through dynamic chiral metamaterials in a frequency regime of gigahertz-terahertz
(Spie-Soc Photo-Optical Instrumentation Engineers, 2014) Ozer, Zafer; Dincer, Furkan; Karaaslan, Muharrem; Akgol, Oguzhan
In a lossy media, anisotropic chiral metamaterial (MTM) structures with normal incidence asymmetric transmission of linearly polarized electromagnetic (EM) waves are investigated and analyzed in both microwave and terahertz frequency regimes. The proposed lossy structures are used to perform dynamic polarization rotation and consist of square-shaped resonators with gaps on both sides of dielectric substrates with a certain degree of rotation. Asymmetric transmission of a linearly polarized EM wave through the chiral MTMs is realized by experimental and numerical studies. The dynamic structures are adjustable via various parameters to be tuned for any desired frequency regimes. From the obtained results, the suggested structure can be used to design new polarization control devices for desired frequency regimes. (c) The Authors. Published by SPIE under a Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 Unported License. Distribution or reproduction of this work in whole or in part requires full attribution of the original publication, including its DOI.
ASYMMETRIC TRANSMISSION OF LINEARLY POLARIZED WAVES AND DYNAMICALLY WAVE ROTATION USING CHIRAL METAMATERIAL
(Emw Publishing, 2013) Dincer, Furkan; Sabah, Cumali; Karaaslan, Muharrem; Unal, Emin; Bakir, Mehmet; Erdiven, Utku
The asymmetric transmission of the linearly polarized waves at normal incidence through the lossy anisotropic chiral structure is demonstrated. The proposed chiral metamaterial structure is composed of hi-layered discontinuous cross-wire-strips, and it is utilized in order to realize polarization rotation. Firstly, the theoretical relations between the incident polarization and the polarization rotation are derived using transmission matrices. Secondly, a strong and dynamically asymmetric transmission of linearly polarized electromagnetic wave through the chiral metamaterial has been demonstrated for microwave region, both by simulation and experimentally. The experiment results are in good agreement with the simulation ones. It can be seen from the results that the proposed chiral metamaterial structure can be used to design novel polarization control devices for several frequency regions.
Biosensor applications of chiral metamaterials for marrowbone temperature sensing
(Taylor & Francis Ltd, 2015) Sabah, Cumali; Dincer, Furkan; Karaaslan, Muharrem; Bakir, Mehmet; Unal, Emin; Akgol, Oguzhan
In this paper, we have designed, simulated, and analyzed a microwave biosensor based on chiral metamaterials (MTMs) to detect pig biological tissues which are widely used as a trial for medical explorations and researches. There are various types of biosensor structures based on MTMs in the literature. However, only a limited number of study is conducted on biosensors based on chiral MTMs; therefore, our study is one of the pioneer works for this type of research. The proposed diamond-shaped resonator-based structures are numerically investigated and analyzed in detail in the microwave frequency regime. The results are in good agreement which lead us to conclude that our structure can be easily used as an effective instrument for biosensing applications in medical technologies.
Chiral metamaterial design using optimized pixelated inclusions with genetic algorithm
(Spie-Soc Photo-Optical Instrumentation Engineers, 2015) Akturk, Cemal; Karaaslan, Muharrem; Ozdemir, Ersin; Ozkaner, Vedat; Dincer, Furkan; Bakir, Mehmet; Ozer, Zafer
Chiral metamaterials have been a research area for many researchers due to their polarization rotation properties on electromagnetic waves. However, most of the proposed chiral metamaterials are designed depending on experience or time-consuming inefficient simulations. A method is investigated for designing a chiral metamaterial with a strong and natural chirality admittance by optimizing a grid of metallic pixels through both sides of a dielectric sheet placed perpendicular to the incident wave by using a genetic algorithm (GA) technique based on finite element method solver. The effective medium parameters are obtained by using constitutive equations and S parameters. The proposed methodology is very efficient for designing a chiral metamaterial with the desired effective medium parameters. By using GA-based topology, it is proven that a chiral metamaterial can be designed and manufactured more easily and with a low cost. (C) 2015 Society of Photo-Optical Instrumentation Engineers (SPIE)
Chiral metamaterial structures with strong optical activity and their applications
(Spie-Soc Photo-Optical Instrumentation Engineers, 2014) Dincer, Furkan; Karaaslan, Muharrem; Unal, Emin; Akgol, Oguzhan; Sabah, Cumali
We numerically and experimentally introduce a chiral metamaterial (MTM) showing strong optical activity, dynamical circular dichroism, and mechanical tunability because of its efficient design. The proposed chiral MTM structure is composed of bi-layered discontinuous cross-wire-strips, and utilized in order to realize polarization rotation. It provides a giant negative refractive index and a large chirality. We also present a detailed numerical analysis in order to explain the physical interpretation of the designed structure mechanism with a parametric study. Moreover, an MTM absorber application of the proposed chiral MTM is presented to show an additional feature of the model. The introduced chiral design offers a much simpler geometry and more efficient results. In addition, the structure provides chiral nihility unlike the other chiral MTM studies in the literature. The experimental results of the fabricated prototype are in good agreement with the numerical simulations. As a result, the suggested chiral MTM enables myriad potential applications in polarization converters, radar, and military technologies. (C) 2014 Society of Photo-Optical Instrumentation Engineers (SPIE)
Chiral Metamaterials with Strong and Dynamically Optical Activity
(Ieee, 2013) Dincer, Furkan; Karaaslan, Muharrem; Unal, Emin; Bakir, Mehmet; Sabah, Cumali; Delihacioglu, Kemal
In this study, chiral metamaterial that creates strong optical activity and dynamical circular dichroism due to geometry of the structure (gammadion-bilayer cross-wires) is presented. It includes the gammadion with discontinuous bilayer cross wire patterned on opposite sides. The designed chiral metamaterial offers easier fabrication and more efficient result. Also, transmission and reflection coefficients, theta and chirality coefficient of the medium are independently analyzed. It provides strong and dynamical optical activity due to the high chirality. The experimental results match with the results of the numerical study.
Design and analysis of perfect metamaterial absorber in GHz and THz frequencies
(Taylor & Francis Ltd, 2015) Dincer, Furkan; Karaaslan, Muharrem; Sabah, Cumali
The new perfect metamaterial absorber (MA) based on square resonator with gap configuration is numerically (for GHz and THz frequency regime) and experimentally (for GHz frequency regime) presented and investigated. The proposed MA has a simple configuration which introduces flexibility to adjust its metamaterial properties and easily rescale the structure for other frequency regimes. In addition, polarization and incident angle independencies of the proposed model are analyzed for the THz frequency regime. The suggested structure could achieve very high absorption at wide angles of polarization and incident angles for both transverse electric and transverse magnetic waves. At resonance frequencies, absorption results are realized around 99.99% at 5.48GHz and 99.92% at 0.865THz for their respective frequency regimes. Besides numerical results in GHz and THz frequencies, experimental results are also obtained for GHz frequency regime. The proposed MA and its variations enable myriad potential applications in areas such as defense systems, communication, stealth technologies, and so on.
Design of Polarization and Incident Angle Insensitive Dual-Band Metamaterial Absorber Based on Isotropic Resonator
(Emw Publishing, 2014) Dincer, Furkan; Karaaslan, Muharrem; Unal, Emin; Delihacioglu, Kemal; Sabah, Cumali
Polarization and incident angle independent metamaterial-based absorber (MA) which acts as a strong dual-band resonator is designed and constructed. Besides, a method to design single/dualband MA is presented in detail. The proposed model is based on isotropic ring resonator with gaps and octa-star strip (OSS) which allows maximization in the absorption because of the characteristic features of the structure. Reflection and absorption responses are obtained both numerically and experimentally and compared to each other. Two maxima in the absorption are experimentally obtained around 90% at 4.42 GHz for the first band and 99.7% at 5.62 GHz for the second band which are in good agreement with the numerical simulations (95.6% and 99.9%, respectively). The numerical studies verify that the dual-band MA can provide perfect absorption at wide angles of incidence for both transverse electric (T E) and transverse magnetic (TM) waves. The proposed model can easily be used in many potential application areas such as security systems, sensors, medical imaging technology.
Design of Polarization- and Incident Angle-Independent Perfect Metamaterial Absorber with Interference Theory
(Springer, 2014) Dincer, Furkan; Karaaslan, Muharrem; Unal, Emin; Akgol, Oguzhan; Sabah, Cumali
A perfect metamaterial absorber is realized and its properties are theoretically, numerically and experimentally investigated at microwave frequencies. In addition, polarization and incident angle independencies are also tested for the structure. Theoretical, numerical and experimental results show that the proposed model has many advantages compared to those in the literature, such as perfect absorption, polarization and incident angle independencies, very simple design, and operation over a sufficiently wide band. A simple configuration is chosen for the proposed model so that it can be easily tuned for other frequency regimes to realize new absorbers for applications such as sensors and stealth technology.
Design of tunable and dual/multi-band metamaterial based perfect microwave absorber
(Ios Press, 2015) Dincer, Furkan; Karaaslan, Muharrem; Unal, Emin; Sabah, Cumali
Tunable and multi-band metamaterial (MTM) based perfect microwave absorber (MA) is designed, implemented, and characterized. Firstly, dual-band MA with has two distinct resonances is investigated both numerically and experimentally which is also tested according the incident angle and polarization independencies. Then, the modified versions of MA are investigated and compared with respect to their absorbance, mechanical tunability, and multi-band characters. As a result, the suggested MAs with perfect absorption (including incident angle and polarization independencies) display good performance among their counterparts and can be used in myriad potential applications such as high frequency and sensor applications which are also presented.
Design of two axes sun tracking controller with analytically solar radiation calculations
(Pergamon-Elsevier Science Ltd, 2015) Yilmaz, Saban; Ozcalik, Hasan Riza; Dogmus, Osman; Dincer, Furkan; Akgol, Oguzhan; Karaaslan, Muharrem
Photovoltaic systems have gained a great deal of interest in the world and these studies performed on this subject have been gaining more and more importance. In order to design new PV systems that will be installed to operate in more efficient and more feasible way, it is necessary to analyze parameters like solar radiation values, the angle of incidence of the genus, temperature etc. Therefore, in this study, theoretical works have been performed for solar radiation and angle of incidence values of any location, plus an experimental study was carried out on a system tracking the sun in two axes and in a fixed system. The performed prototype is also adapted into a PV system with 4.6 kW power. Theoretical data are consistent with the data obtained from the PV system with 4.6 kW power. This study will be an important guide for the future PV power stations. (C) 2014 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
DUAL-BAND POLARIZATION INDEPENDENT METAMATERIAL ABSORBER BASED ON OMEGA RESOANATOR AND OCTA-STARSTRIP CONFIGURATION
(Emw Publishing, 2013) Dincer, Furkan; Karaaslan, Muharrem; Unal, Emin; Sabah, Cumali
Dual-band metamaterial absorber (MA) with polarization independency based on omega (Omega) resonator with gap and octastar strip (OSS) configuration is presented both numerically and experimentally. The suggested MA has a simple configuration which introduces flexibility to adjust its metamaterial (MTM) properties and easily re-scale the structure for other frequencies. In addition, the dualband character of the absorber provides additional degree of freedom to control the absorption band(s). Two maxima in the absorption are experimentally obtained around 99% at 4.0 GHz for the first band and 79% at 5.6 GHz for the second band which are in good agreement with the numerical simulations (99% and 84%, respectively). Besides, numerical simulations validate that the MA could achieve very high absorption at wide angles of incidence for both transverse electric (TE) and transverse magnetic (TM) waves. The proposed MA and its variations enable myriad potential applications in medical technologies, sensors, modulators, wireless communication, and so on.
Electromagnetic energy harvesting and density sensor application based on perfect metamaterial absorber
(World Scientific Publ Co Pte Ltd, 2016) Bakir, Mehmet; Karaaslan, Muharrem; Dincer, Furkan; Akgol, Oguzhan; Sabah, Cumali
The proposed study presents an electromagnetic (EM) energy harvesting and density sensor application based on a perfect metamaterial absorber (MA) in microwave frequency regime. In order to verify the absorption behavior of the structure, its absorption behavior is experimentally tested along with the energy harvesting and sensing abilities. The absorption value is experimentally found 0.9 at the resonance frequency of 4.75 GHz. In order to harvest the EM energy, chips resistors are used. In addition, the suggested model is analyzed for its dependency on polarization angles. The results show that the perfect MA can be easily and efficiently used for EM energy harvesting applications. Moreover, as an additional feature of the model, we also realized a density sensor application. It can be seen that this structure can be used as a multi-functional device and configured for many other sensing applications.
Electromagnetic energy harvesting application based on tunable perfect metamaterial absorber
(Taylor & Francis Ltd, 2015) Dincer, Furkan
This paper introduces an electromagnetic (EM) energy harvesting application based on tunable dual-band metamaterial absorber (MA) which includes a ring resonator with gap loaded varactor diode that operates in the microwave frequency regime. Although the suggested tunable structure has a very simple geometry, it provides perfect absorption of 99.91 and 84.79% for both frequencies of 5.01 and 4.79GHz, respectively. It is concluded from the numerical analysis that it can be obtained higher voltage value on varactor diode when the metal plate is added on the structure, to achieve perfect absorber with EM energy harvesting. We also present a numerical analysis in order to explain physical interpretation of the harvesting mechanism in detail. A sensor application of the proposed structure is introduced in order to show an additional feature of the model. Moreover, the proposed tunable model is also suitable for a wide variety of microwave EM energy harvesting applications such as power transfer to any component, wireless power transmitter etc.
Electromagnetic Energy Harvesting By Using Tunable Metamaterial Absorbers
(Ieee, 2015) Bakir, Mehmet; Karaaslan, Muharrem; Dincer, Furkan; Akgol, Oguzhan; Unal, Emin; Delihacioglu, Kemal; Sabah, Cumali
In this study, electromagnetic (EM) energy harvesting by using metamaterial absorber is numerically explained. Operation frequency is 2.40 GHz since it is the industrical scientific and medical (ISM) band. This band is especially chosen due to most of the customer electronic devices are working in this band. Split ring resonator that have two splits on it used in this study, chip resistors are placed on these splits for wireless energy transfer to the devices. 83.6% efficient electromagnetic energy harvesting is theoretically realized.
Flexible chiral metamaterials with dynamically optical activity and high negative refractive index
(World Scientific Publ Co Pte Ltd, 2015) Dincer, Furkan; Karaaslan, Muharrem; Unal, Emin; Akgol, Oguzhan; Sabah, Cumali
We demonstrate numerically and experimentally chiral metamaterials (MTMs) based on gammadion-bilayer cross-wires that uniaxially create giant optical activity and tunable circular dichroism as a result of the dynamic design. In addition, the suggested structure gives high negative refractive index due to the large chirality in order to obtain an efficient polarization converter. We also present a numerical analysis in order to show the additional features of the proposed chiral MTM in detail. Therefore, a MTM sensor application of the proposed chiral MTM is introduced and discussed. The presented chiral designs offer a much simpler geometry and more efficient outlines. The experimental results are in a good agreement with the numerical simulation. It can be seen from the results that, the suggested chiral MTM can be used as a polarization converter, sensor, etc. for several frequency regimes.

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