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Öğe ACCUMULATION AND HEALTH RISK ASSESSMENT OF HEAVY METALS IN VEGETABLES GROWN IN AMIK PLAIN, ANTAKYA, TURKEY(Parlar Scientific Publications (P S P), 2020) Karanlik, Sema; Agca, Necat; Dogan, KemalThe concentrations of Zn, Fe, Cu, Mn, Cd, Ni, Cr and Pb were determined in the edible parts of onion, lettuce, parsley, spinach, carrot, and potato grown in Amik Plain. Average Zn, Fe, Cu, Mn, Cd, Ni, Cr and Pb concentrations were found to be 20.8, 101.8, 7.23, 32.9, 1.23, 1.82, 1.48, and 0.85 mg kg(-1), respectively. Zn, Fe, Cu, Mn and Ni levels were found within the maximum allowable limits (MAL) identified by WHO/FAO, whereas Cd in all vegetable samples, Pb in 83% and Cr in 27% of the samples were determined to be higher than MAL. Health risk assessment was carried out by using Daily Intake of Metals (DIM) and Health Risk Index (HRI). The highest DIM value was found in the consumption of spinach followed by parsley, lettuce, onion, carrot, and potato respectively. However, all of the estimated DIM values for Zn, Fe, Cu, Mn, Cd, Ni, Cr and Pb were found to be much lower than the oral reference doses (RfD). The HRI values were found to be lower than the values for heavy metals. It can be assumed that heavy metal intake due to vegetable consumption in the region does not pose any significant risk for human health currently. Considering that people consume not only vegetables in nutrition, HRI values should be determined for each food group and evaluated together.Öğe Accumulation and health risk assessment of heavy metals in vegetables grown in Amik Plain, Antakya, Turkey(Parlar Scientific Publications, 2020) Karanlik, Sema; Agca, Necat; Dogan, KemalThe concentrations of Zn, Fe, Cu, Mn, Cd, Ni, Cr and Pb were determined in the edible parts of onion, lettuce, parsley, spinach, carrot, and potato grown in Amik Plain. Average Zn, Fe, Cu, Mn, Cd, Ni, Cr and Pb concentrations were found to be 20.8, 101.8, 7.23, 32.9, 1.23, 1.82, 1.48, and 0.85 mg kg-1, respectively. Zn, Fe, Cu, Mn and Ni levels were found within the maximum allowable limits (MAL) identified by WHO/FAO, whereas Cd in all vegetable samples, Pb in 83% and Cr in 27% of the samples were determined to be higher than MAL. Health risk assessment was carried out by using Daily Intake of Metals (DIM) and Health Risk Index (HRI). The highest DIM value was found in the consumption of spinach followed by parsley, lettuce, onion, carrot, and potato respectively. However, all of the estimated DIM values for Zn, Fe, Cu, Mn, Cd, Ni, Cr and Pb were found to be much lower than the oral reference doses (RfD). The HRI values were found to be lower than the values for heavy metals. It can be assumed that heavy metal intake due to vegetable consumption in the region does not pose any significant risk for human health currently. Considering that people consume not only vegetables in nutrition, HRI values should be determined for each food group and evaluated together. © by PSPÖğe CONTRIBUTION OF GREEN MANURE, RHIZOBIUM AND HUMIC(Univ Agricultural Sciences & Veterinary Medicine Bucharest, 2016) Dogan, Kemal; Sarioglu, Ali; Coskan, AliOlive trees cultivation is one of the important agricultural product in especially Mediterranean, Aegean and Marmara regions of Turkey. There are about 750 million productive olive trees worldwide whereas 98% of them located in the Mediterranean region. Three major olive oil producers worldwide are Spain, Italy, and Greece, followed by Turkey. Olive Oil Mill Wastewater (OMWW) is one of the waste products of olive oil process that contains different harmful substances such as polyphenols and long-chain fatty acids which risky for soil and plants. These harmful materials are environmentally not safe, while they cause economic and ecological problems. Due to the considerable amount of OMWW occur every year, a number of approaches tested by the researchers to overcome this issue. In this study the effect of OMWW alone and combination with green manure, rhizobium and humic acid on soil microbial activity evaluated. Results gathered revealed that OMWW was reduced determined microbial activity parameters as soil respiration (CO2 production), dehydrogenase enzyme activity and microbial biomass carbon content. All applications were effective on restoring CO2 production that diminished due to OMWW; however, humic acid and green manure + humic acid applications yielded the highest benefit. Dehydrogenase activity did not differ strongly by OMWW applications. Microbial biomass carbon (MBC) values decreased rapidly by OMWW incorporation, but green manure and bacteria application together restored MBC, even higher values determined in that variant.Öğe THE DETERMINATION OF NITRIFICATION POTENTIALS OF THE AMIK PLAIN COMMON SOIL SERIES(Parlar Scientific Publications (P S P), 2013) Dogan, Kemal; Coskan, Ali; Pamiralan, Hesna; Gok, MustafaIn this study, the nitrification potentials of 5 soil series (Pasakoy, Akkerpic, Aktas, Kangallar, Baglama), common to the Amik Plain in Hatay/Turkey, have been determined. To this end, 2 different incubator trials were carried out, with and without fertilizers. Hence, the nitrification potentials of natural and fertilized soils have been determined. The ammonium results of fertilized trials which comprised the main objective of the study dropped to minimum levels after the 7th measurement day whereas the initial ammonium content of the studied soil (200 mg/kg), on the 11th day (3rd measurement day) was determined to be 3.7, 20.9, 4.1, 2.7 and 7.5 mg/kg, respectively. According to these results, the Kangallar series which rapidly dropped to an ammonium content of 2.7 mg/kg was determined to be that with the highest nitrification capacity. In addition, Akkerpic soil series was that with the lowest nitrification rate but the highest ammonium value (20.9 mg/kg) on the 11th measurement day. According to the study results, the nitrification potentials of the study areas have been determined to be high. Therefore, the regional soils and underground waters face the threat of nitrification, possibly damaging macro and micro living things and plants by nitrate compounds.Öğe The determination of nitrification potentials of the amik plain common soil series(2013) Dogan, Kemal; Coskan, Ali; Pamiralan, Hesna; Gok, MustafaIn this study, the nitrification potentials of 5 soil series (Pasakoy, Akkerpic, Aktas, Kangallar, Baglama), common to the Amik Plain in Hatay/Turkey, have been determined. To this end, 2 different incubator trials were carried out, with and without fertilizers. Hence, the nitrification potentials of natural and fertilized soils have been determined. The ammonium results of fertilized trials which comprised the main objective of the study dropped to minimum levels after the 7th measurement day whereas the initial ammonium content of the studied soil (200 mg/kg), on the 11th day (3rd measurement day) was determined to be 3.7, 20.9, 4.1, 2.7 and 7.5 mg/kg, respectively. According to these results, the Kangallar series which rapidly dropped to an ammonium content of 2.7 mg/kg was determined to be that with the highest nitrification capacity. In addition, Akkerpic soil series was that with the lowest nitrification rate but the highest ammonium value (20.9 mg/kg) on the 11th measurement day. According to the study results, the nitrification potentials of the study areas have been determined to be high. Therefore, the regional soils and underground waters face the threat of nitrification, possibly damaging macro and micro living things and plants by nitrate compounds.Öğe Effect of bacteria inoculation and iron application on nitrogen fixation in soybean in common soil series of Amik plain (Hatay, Turkey)(Parlar Scientific Publications, 2020) Dogan, Kemal; Sarioglu, AliIn this research, the effects of bacteria inoculation and iron application on the soybean plant, via pot experiments, using common soil series belonging to Aktas, Akkerpic, Akkuyu, Asagioba and Asi in the Amik Plain, were investigated. The experimental design consisted of two bacteria (B0: without inoculation and B1: bacteria strain nr. 110), and two iron (Fe0: without iron and Fe1: 5 mg kg-1 Fe) on selected five soil series (S1: Aktas S2: Akkerpic; S3: Akkuyu; S4: Asagioba; S5: Asi) with three replications. Plant and soil samples were taken during the blooming period. Nodulation, biomass development and the nitrogen content were analyzed in plant samples, whereas the respiration (CO2 production), dehydrogenase enzyme activity (DHA) and microbial biomass carbon (MBC) contents of the soil have been determined. The number of nodules were 4, 12, 12, 4 and 0 number.plant- 1 in Aktas, Akkerpic, Akkuyu, Asagioba and Asi, respectively. The nodule formation was not observed in non-inoculated pots. Within the inoculated applications, the plant was not developed in Asi series, therefore the nodule was not formed. In other soil series an average of five nodules per plant were determined. Bacterial inoculation and iron application together increased the nodule number up to 20 nodules per plant. The determined DHA, CO2 and MBC results were 110 ng TPF 10 gds- 1 , 15.2 mg C 100 gds- 1 . 24 h- 1 and 9.42 mg C 100 gds- 1 in bacteria inoculated variant while the values in non-inoculated plants were 90 |j,g TPF 10 gds- 1 , 14.2 mg C 100 gds- 1, 24 h-1, 7,93 mg C 100 gds- 1 , respectively. According to the general average results, bacterial inoculation and iron application have positive effects on nodule formation and nitrogen fixation in the common soil series of Amik Plain. © by PSP.Öğe EFFECT OF BACTERIA INOCULATION AND IRON APPLICATION ON NITROGEN FIXATION IN SOYBEAN IN COMMON SOIL SERIES OF AMIK PLAIN (HATAY, TURKEY)(Parlar Scientific Publications (P S P), 2020) Dogan, Kemal; Sarioglu, AliIn this research, the effects of bacteria inoculation and iron application on the soybean plant, via pot experiments, using common soil series belonging to Aktas, Akkerpic, Akkuyu, Asagioba and Asi in the Amik Plain, were investigated. The experimental design consisted of two bacteria (130: without inoculation and B1: bacteria strain nr. 110), and two iron (Fe0: without iron and Fe1 : 5 mg kg-1 Fe) on selected five soil series (S1: Aktas S2: Akkerpic; S3: Akkuyu; S4: Asagioba; S5: Asi) with three replications. Plant and soil samples were taken during the blooming period. Nodulation, biomass development and the nitrogen content were analyzed in plant samples, whereas the respiration (CO2 production), dehydrogenase enzyme activity (DHA) and microbial biomass carbon (MBC) contents of the soil have been determined. The number of nodules were 4, 12, 12, 4 and 0 number.plant(-1) in Aktas, Akkerpic, Akkuyu, Asagioba and Asi, respectively. The nodule formation was not observed in non-inoculated pots. Within the inoculated applications, the plant was not developed in Asi series, therefore the nodule was not formed. In other soil series an average of five nodules per plant were determined. Bacterial inoculation and iron application together increased the nodule number up to 20 nodules per plant. The determined DHA, CO2 and MBC results were 110 mu g TPF 10 gds(-1), 15.2 mg C 100 gds(-1). 24 h(-1) and 9.42 mg C 100 gds(-1) in bacteria inoculated variant while the values in non-inoculated plants were 90 mu g TPF 10 gds(-1), 14.2 mg C 100 gds(-1), 24 h-1, 7,93 mg C 100 gds(-1), respectively. According to the general average results, bacterial inoculation and iron application have positive effects on nodule formation and nitrogen fixation in the common soil series of Amik Plain.Öğe Effect of solarization under different applications on soil temperature variation and microbial activity(Wfl Publ, 2013) Dogan, Kemal; Sariyev, Alhan; Gok, Mustafa; Coskan, Ali; Tulun, Yusuf; Sesveren, Sertan; Pamiralan, HesnaSoil solarization is an environment-friendly soil pasteurization technique which uses the solar energy to increase the soil temperature to diminish soil-related pests and pathogens. The efficiency of this technique is closely related with a number of factors such as soil water and organic matter contents and feature of cover material; therefore, the effect of solarization was studied under applications of CO2, basaltic tuff (BT), organic matter (OM) and a different color plastic cover (PE2) on soil temperature and microbial activity as dehydrogenase enzyme activity (DHA) and soil respiration (CO2). The trial was carried out in a greenhouse for 32 days. Organic matter, salt and lime contents, pH and texture class of greenhouse soil were 1.7%, 0.055%, 38.5%, 7.7 and clay, respectively. According to the results, while the lowest CO2 value was determined as 12.9 mg/100 g ds. 24 h in the A6 (PE2) application, the highest CO2 value was determined as 16.3 mg/100 g ds. 24 h in the A4 (+OM 1.5 kg/m(2)) application. The dehydrogenase enzyme activities (DHA) yielded similar results with the applications, however, the highest value (291.2 mu g TPF/10 g ds.) was in A7 (control). Soil (0-5 cm) temperatures varied between 28.1 and 60.1 degrees C with applications and the lowest soil temperature was determined in the control plot. The effect of the applications to soil temperature led to significant differences statistically (p<0.05). The results documented that the organic matter (OM) and CO2 amendments (OM or +OM+CO2) had a role in protecting soil microbial activity (dehydrogenase-DHA) and soil respiration (CO2) from the detrimental effects of the heating of solarization.Öğe IMPROVEMENT OF Ca AND Mg UPTAKE BY APPLICATION OF DOLOMITE AND DOLOMITE(Univ Agricultural Sciences & Veterinary Medicine Bucharest, 2017) Coskan, Ali; Dogan, Kemal; Demirbas, Ahmet; Erdal, Ibrahim; Horzun, Ismail; Ok, Emin CagdasThis study was carried out as a pot experiment to determine the effects of dolomite alone or together with leonardite on Ca and Mg uptake of pepper plants. The doses of 8 and 16 g. pot(-1) of dolomite which were equivalent to 4000 and 8000 kg. ha(-1) incorporated to soil as either alone or together with 8 and 16 g. pot(-1) of leonardite. Each pot fertilized by 200 mg. kg(-1) N, 150 mg. kg(-1) P2O5 and 150 mg. kg(-1) K2O. Results revealed that application of neither dolomite nor dolomite + leonardite applications were effective on root dry matter development; however, 4000 kg. ha(-1) dolomite + 4000 kg. ha-1 leonardite incorporation yielded the highest shoot dry weight. Ca concentrations of plants were increased by increasing doses of dolomite and leonardite. Dolomite incorporation alone at the dose of 4000 kg. ha-1 improved plant Mg concentration, all other applications was reduced plant Mg contents compared to non-treated (NT) variant. Zn and Mn concentration were also measured in this study. Zn concentration was 96 mg. kg(-1) at non-treated variant which was reached its highest value as 221 mg. kg(-1) Zn at 4000 kg. ha(-1) dolomite dose. The lowest obtained value within the dolomite and dolomite + leonardite applied pots was 143 mg. kg(-1) Zn which was still 49% higher than NT. Mn concentration was gradually increased by increasing dose of both applications, starting from 80 mg. kg(-1) Zn in NT to 192 mg. kg(-1) Mn at the highest application doses of dolomite and dolomite + leonardite. Stimulating effect of leonardite was observed in shoot dry wegiht, Ca, Cu and Mn concentration whereas Mg and Zn concentration was diminished by leonardite addition to the dolomite.Öğe ORGANO-MINERAL FERTILIZER APPLICATIONS FOR SUSTAINABLE AGRICULTURE(Univ Agricultural Sciences & Veterinary Medicine Bucharest, 2017) Sarioglu, Ali; Dogan, Kemal; Kiziltug, Tugce; Coskan, AliIntensive farm applications which were the major solution were proposed to nutrient to growing human population, damage to soil fertility, ecosystem elements and human healthy seriously. This damages come up long terms. Intensive farm applications cause to decrement of soil fertility and yield quality. While the soil reduces because of intensive farm applications human population increases every year. So intensive farm applications is not a good solution and idea for nutrient to increasing human populations. This study aimed to present solutions alternative of intensive farm applications. We propose to alternative farm applications against to intensive farm applications are organic farm (OF), organo-mineral farm (OMF). In this paper it was given some organic and chemical farm applications results to compare. Some of the results of organic and mineral applications given in this paper were studied by our research group. Some of results of this paper showed that, some of organic farm applications were increased to yield more than chemical applications. However organic applications cost is higher than other chemical or intensive farm applications. Because of the high cost and low yield of organic farming it is not prefer commonly. So that we suggested that organic and mineral (organo-mineral) applications together with suitable rate for sustainable agriculture and soil quality.
