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Öğe Antimicrobial Activity of Six Pomegranate (Punica granatum L.) Varieties and Their Relation to Some of Their Pomological and Phytonutrient Characteristics(Mdpi, 2009) Duman, Ahmet D.; Ozgen, Mustafa; Dayisoylu, Kenan S.; Erbil, Nurcan; Durgac, CoskunArils from six pomegranate (Punica granatum L.) varieties grown in the Mediterranean region of Turkey were tested for their antimicrobial properties by the agar diffusion and minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) methods against seven bacteria: (Bacillus megaterium DSM 32, Pseudomonas aeruginosa DSM 9027, Staphylococcus aureus Cowan 1, Corynebacterium xerosis UC 9165, Escherichia coli DM, Enterococcus faecalis A10, Micrococcus luteus LA 2971), and three fungi (Kluvyeromyces marxianus A230, Rhodotorula rubra MC12, Candida albicans ATCC 1023). It has been observed that the pomegranate aril extracts had antimicrobial effect on all microorganisms, giving inhibition zones ranging in size from 13 to 26 mm. The MIC values for active pomegranate extracts ranged between 30 and >90 mu g/mL. The results obtained appeared to confirm the antimicrobial potential of the Punica granatum varieties.Öğe Comparative molecular analysis of old olive (Olea europaea L.) genotypes from Eastern Mediterranean Region of Turkey(Academic Journals, 2010) Durgac, Coskun; Kiyga, Yelda; Ulas, MehmetOlive is an important Mediterranean tree species having many different ways of utilizations. The olive grove is an important farming sector in Turkey and dates back to thousands years, particularly in Anatolia. An historical culture of olive resulted in a broad genetic base for olive which is a long-lived tree. We compared the genetic profiles of six old olive cultivars from an Eastern Mediterranean Region of Turkey to 15 modern Turkish olive cultivars from different geographical origins. The RAPD profiles successfully clarified the molecular relationships among the genotypes tested. Seventeen RAPD primers generated 153 reproducible bands, 81% of which were polymorphic. The data were subjected to cluster and principle coordinates analyses. Cluster analysis supported three small groups based on geographical origins and these groups did not include any of the old cultivars. The old cultivars scattered around the ungrouped accessions and formed four subgroups. Principle coordinate resulted in similar overall patterns. Our results revealed that although sampled from a relatively narrow region, the old olive cultivars have broad genetic basis and are closely related to some of present-day cultivars/clones.Öğe Comparison of open field and protected cultivation of five early table grape cultivars under Mediterranean conditions(Tubitak Scientific & Technological Research Council Turkey, 2011) Kamiloglu, Onder; Polat, Atilla Aytekin; Durgac, CoskunThe production of grapes for early table consumption is becoming more popular in the Mediterranean region of Turkey. In this study, the cultivation of 5 early table grape cultivars ('Ergin cekirdeksizi', 'Uslu', 'Yalova incisi', 'Cardinal', and 'Perlette') in the open field and under protected cultivation were compared in 2004-2005 and 2005-2006 seasons. For the protected culture, the grapevines were covered on 23 February 2004 and 24 February 2005. The phenologic observations, pomologic analyses, yield variables, and primary shoot growth were determined. When compared to open field production, protected production led to 15-18 days earliness. 'Uslu' was the earliest cultivar in both open field and protected cultivation. The cluster weight, cluster width, and cluster length of cultivars did not vary between the different production treatments. Total soluble solids (TSS) and pH values of both of the production types were similar. For 'Yalova incisi' and 'Cardinal', the yield in open field production was higher than that in protected cultivation. In protected cultivation, the effect of production sites on shoot development was greater than it was in the open field. The highest primary shoot length was observed in 'Uslu' in both treatments.Öğe DIFFERENT IRRIGATION INTERVALS AND WATER AMOUNT STUDIES IN YOUNG APRICOT TREES (CV. NINFA)(Parlar Scientific Publications (P S P), 2017) Durgac, Coskun; Bozkurt, Sefer; Odemis, BerkantWater shortage studies aiming to provide enough fruit yield and quality by using less water in fruit culture is getting important day by day because of global water scarcity and its negative environmental effects. Hence, this experiment was carried out to investigate the effects of different irrigation intervals and amount treatments on yield and fruit quality of young apricot trees (Prunus armeniaca L. cv Ninfa) during the 2008 and 2009 growing seasons under Mediterranean conditions. Seven, fourteen and twenty-one days irrigation intervals and five irrigation water amounts based on reduction coefficients (Kcp) of class A pan evaporation (0.0, 0.25, 0.50, 0.75 and 1.00) were examined. Pomological variables, such as fruit and seed weights, fruit dimension, flesh firmness, flesh/seed ratio, total soluble solids (TSS), pH and acidity (%), were studied. The interaction between irrigation intervals and the irrigation water amount treatments had significant effects on cumulative yield of the trees. While irrigation water amount had significant effects on all pomological characteristics of fruits, irrigation intervals affected only few fruit quality properties such as fruit weight, flesh firmness, flesh/seed ratio, pH and acidity.Öğe Distribution of heavy metals in plant and media samples from a volcanic region in Hatay, Turkey(Parlar Scientific Publications (P S P), 2008) Demirkeser, Turan Hakan; Ozgen, Senay; Torun, Ayfer Alkan; Erdem, Halil; Gunduz, Kazim; Durgac, Coskun; Serce, SedatThere is a volcanic area in Hatay, Turkey with currently limited agricultural activities; however, its ecological properties make it a plausible choice for protected fruit and vegetable production. The different soil properties of the area might be useful for plant growing in the future. In this study, we determined selected plant nutrients and heavy metal concentrations of eight soil and rock types from the realon. along with those of ten different species of fruits and vegetables representing the region's flora and agricultural activities. We found significant differences in all the micronutrients and heavy metal concentrations among the media samples. Overall, the highest concentrations were recovered from growing media. For example, one medium had the highest concentrations of Cu, Cd and Zn. Similarly, the plant samples had significant differences in micronutrients and heavy metal concentrations. Almond leaf samples were in the highest mean groups for Mg, Na, Fe, Al and Cr, while cucumber had the highest values for Zn and Ni. The highest Pb levels were recovered from uncultivated olive. Comparisons of our results to those of others in the related literature indicated that only two of our results were above the accepted levels: the almond Fe and holy oak B concentrations. In conclusion, our samples from the volcanic area in Hatay were not dangerously contaminated with heavy metals, and utilization of this area for agricultural purposes poses no apparent threat.Öğe Leaf mineral composition of grafted eggplant grown in soil infested with Verticillium and root-knot nematodes(Empresa Brasil Pesq Agropec, 2010) Curuk, Sebahattin; Dasgan, H. Yildiz; Mansuroglu, Sedat; Kurt, Sener; Mazmanoglu, Meltem; Tarla, Gulcan; Durgac, CoskunThe objective of this work was to determine differences in leaf mineral composition between ungrafted and grafted onto (Solanum torvum) eggplant (Solanum melongena), cultivars 'Faselis' and 'Pala', grown in a soil infested with Verticillium dahliae and Meloidogyne incognita, or in a noninfested soil. Grafting increased leaf P and Mn concentrations, and decreased N concentrations, in both soils. Grafting also enhanced leaf Ca concentration of 'Pala', but it did not affect that of 'Faselis' depending on the cropping year. Leaf Mg concentration of grafted plants in infested soil was lower than that of ungrafted ones in noninfested soil. Results showed that, under the same fertilization program, the grafted 'Faselis' plants used the nutrients more efficiently than the 'Pala' ones. Use of S. torvum as a rootstock for 'Faselis' resulted in an effective protection against multiple pathogen infestation. Fertilization may be necessary when grafted 'Faselis' plants are grown in a soil infested with the pathogens, since grafting and infestation generally decrease leaf N, Mg, Ca and Fe concentrations, either by reducing the nutrient concentrations directly or by increasing leaf Mn concentration.Öğe Molecular and pomological diversity among pomegranate (Punica granatum L.) cultivars in Eastern Mediterranean region of Turkey(Academic Journals, 2008) Durgac, Coskun; Ozgen, Mustafa; Simsek, Ozhan; Kacar, Yildiz Aka; Kiyga, Yelda; Celebi, Semih; Gunduz, KazimPomegranate (Punica granatum L.) is an important fruit species for Turkey where many cultivars are being cultivated. In this study, we determined the fruit characteristics and RAPD band patterns of six local cultivars from Hatay, Turkey. Our results demonstrated that there is a great level of morphological variation. The principle component analysis of 18 quantitative fruit characteristics revealed that fruit weight, aril number/fruit, peel color and soluble solids/acidity ratio are important traits for discriminating the cultivars tested. The UPGMA cluster of fruit characteristics indicated that 'Katirbasi' and 'Kan nari' were similar to each other and they were separated from rest of the cultivars. Twenty-two RAPD primers generated total of 106 reproducible bands 22% of which were polymorphic. The UPGMA dendrogram of RAPD data showed that 'Tatli nar' and 'Serife' were very closely related while 'incekabuk' is distinct from the other cultivars. As a result, discrepancies were detected between morphological and molecular data. Therefore, we confirmed that diversity among the fruit characteristics were not good indication of genetic relatedness while molecular tools are valuable to study such similarities.
