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    The Effect of Slime Factor in the Treatment of Spinal Implant Infections
    (Turkish Neurosurgical Soc, 2024) Turkoglu, Hasan; Kesilmez, Emrullah Cem; Secinti, Kutsal Devrim; Secinti, Ilke Evrim; Kucuk, Burak; Aral, Murat; Eken, Recep
    AIM: To investigate the effect of the biofilm-forming ability of the bacteria on treatment in rats by using biofilm-forming and nonbiofilm-forming strains of Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus). MATERIAL and METHODS: Forty rats were divided into four equal groups as Group 1A, 1B, 2A, and 2B. All rats underwent single distance lumbar laminectomy, and titanium implants were introduced. Group 1 rats were inoculated with Slime factor (-) S. aureus, while Group 2 rats were inoculated with biofilm Slime factor (+) S. aureus. None of the rats were given antibiotics. One week later, the surgical field was reopened and microbiological samples were taken. The implants of rats in Groups 1A and 2A were left in place, while the implants of rats in Groups 1B and 2B were removed. RESULTS: There was no statistically significant difference between the groups inoculated with slime factor (+) S. aureus; although, Groups 1A and 2A showed statistically significant difference. Statistical analysis with respect to bacterial count also showed a statistically significant difference between Groups 1A and 2A. There was a statistically significant difference between Group 1B and CONCLUSION: The results obtained in the present study reveal that in case of implant-dependent infection, the first sample taken can be checked for slime factor, and if there is infection with slime factor-negative bacterium, treatment without removing the implant may be recommended. S. aureus was used in the study because it is the most common cause of implant-related infection at surgical sites. Further studies using different bacterial species are needed to reach a definitive conclusion.
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    Effect of Thiocolchicoside on Midline Closure in Early Chicken Embryos
    (Galenos Publ House, 2024) Eken, Recep; Kesilmez, Emrullah Cem; Secinti, Kutsal Devrim; Akkaya, Zeynep Kahyaoglu; Secinti, Ilke Evrim; Turkoglu, Hasan; Yuksel, Zafer
    BACKGROUND/AIMS: Thiocolchicoside (TCC) is a semi-synthetic derivative of colchicine analog, a muscle relaxant with analgesic and antiinflammatory activity. Studies have shown that colchicine inhibits microtubule polymerization and stops mitotic activity, and that TCC is a competitive antagonist of g-aminobutyric acid A and glycine receptors. It is known that the use of TCC during pregnancy may have teratogenic effects. We aimed to examine the effects of drugs with TCC as their active ingredient, which are frequently used in clinical practice, on the development of chicken embryos and midline closure. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A total of 80 eggs were incubated in an incubator for 24 hours. At the 24th hour of incubation, the eggs were divided into 4 groups. Increasing doses of TCC (8 mcg, 16 mcg, 32 mcg) in 0.1 cc solutions were applied to these groups and half of the control group was administered physiological saline, corresponding to the air sac. All eggs were then closed with sterile tapes and replaced in the incubator. On the 10th day of incubation, the eggs were hatched and the embryos were evaluated morphologically and histopathologically. RESULTS: TCC caused a high rate of early embryo death (EED) in all groups in which it was applied. Although midline closure defects were detected in some of the developing embryos, it was not statistically significant. CONCLUSION: EED and midline closure defects were observed in some developing embryos in the TCC applied groups. It will be possible to understand the mechanism of embryonic damage, to reveal teratogenic effects and to minimize the formation of congenital defects with more comprehensive studies.
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    Pregabalin does not Cause Midline Closure Defect but is not as Innocent as It is Thought
    (Turkish Neurosurgical Soc, 2021) Secinti, Kutsal Devrim; Eken, Recep; Secinti, Ilke Evrim; Yuksel, Kasim Zafer
    AIM: To investigate the effects of pregabalin on neural tube closure, and other potential effects on other organ systems in a chick embryo model. MATERIAL and METHODS: Fertilized chicken eggs were divided into groups, and different doses of pregabalin was administered. All embryos were harvested in the 8th day of incubation, and investigated both macroscopically and microscopically against any developmental malformations caused by Pregabalin. RESULTS: Macroscopically not any malformations were detected but macrosomia was statistically significant in medium and high dose groups. Microscopically, vertebral lamina ossification was delayed in some embryos in high dose group but not interpreted as midline closure defect and also not statistically significant. Decrease in the number of renal glomerulus and increase in the tubular damage was statistically significant in medium and high dose groups. Cardiomegaly was also found in some embryos in middle and high dose groups but not statistically significant. CONCLUSION: The use of pregabalin does not cause neural tube closure defect in the embryo unless not exceed recommended maximum dose. Causing macrosomia instead of developmental retardation by Pregabalin is in conflict with the literature. This study revealed that Pregabalin causes fetal nephrotoxicity and macrosomia. These findings indicate that the use of Pregabalin in pregnancy still needs to be accounted as suspicious.