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    Carcass and Meat Quality Characteristics of White and Multicolor Geese under Local Breeder Conditions
    (Kafkas Univ, Veteriner Fakultesi Dergisi, 2012) Yakan, Akin; Elmali, Dilek Aksu; Elmali, Mehmet; Sahin, Tarkan; Motor, Sedat; Can, Yesim
    The purpose of this study was to define the meat quality characteristics of White and Multicolor geese under local breeder conditions. While carcass and edible offal percentages were similar breast, back and wing ratios were statistically different between White and Multicolor geese. Phenotypic color differentiation between geese varieties was reflected on both breast meat and skin (except a* value). While White geese had better values than Multicolor geese for saturated fatty acid and monounsaturated fatty acid, Multicolor geese were higher than White geese for polyunsaturated fatty acid. Nutritive value of White variety was higher than Multicolor variety in breast meat, skin and abdominal fat.
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    Cost-Benefit Analyses of Feeding with Different Concentrate Feeds in Tuj (Tushin) Lambs
    (Kafkas Univ, Veteriner Fakultesi Dergisi, 2010) Elmali, Dilek Aksu; Demir, Pinar; Kaya, Ismail
    In this study, live body weight increase, feed consumption and feed conversion rates as well as cost-benefit analysis were investigated in Tuj lambs fed with concentrate feed containing different protein sources for the feeding period of 30, 60 and 90 days. 24 weaning Tuj breed male lambs at 3-3.5 months of age were used as the animal material. The animals were randomly divided into 4 groups each consisting of 6 lambs, and each group was fed with concentrate feeds containing the same level of energy-protein from different protein sources. Meadow grass was used as roughage. After the acclimatization period, feed consumption, live body weight increase and feed conversion rates in the groups were determined at the end of 30-, 60- and 90-day periods. Total feed consumption, live body weight increase and feed conversion rates at 30-day period were 32.29 +/- 1.74, 6.13 +/- 0.39 and 5.43 +/- 0.18, at 60-day period were 69.55 +/- 3.96, 11.66 +/- 0.78 and 6.16 +/- 0.22, at 90-day period were 110.22 +/- 5.63, 16.40 +/- 1.03 and 6.92 +/- 0.22, respectively. Differences among periods were statistically significant (P<0.001). Among the groups fed with different concentrate feeds containing 4 different vegetative protein sources, results of cost analysis indicated that 90-day feeding and sunflower meal as the protein source should be utilized for the operational benefit.
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    The Effect of Single and Combined Use of Probiotic and Humate in Quail (Coturnix coturnix Japonica) Diet on Fatttening Performance and Carcass Parameters
    (Kafkas Univ, Veteriner Fakultesi Dergisi, 2011) Sahin, Tarkan; Elmali, Dilek Aksu; Kaya, Ismail; Sari, Mehmet; Kaya, Ozlem
    This experiment was carried out to determine the both single and combined effects of humates (Farmagulator XP (TM)) and probiotics (Biosacc (TM)) in quail diets on fattening performance and carcass yields. A total of 300 one-day old Japanese Quails( Coturnix coturnix japonica) were used in this experiment. Animals were divided into one control group and three treatment groups containing 75 birds each. Each group was further divided into three replicates containing 25 birds each. The experimental period lasted for 35 days. The control group was fed with unsupplemented basal diets. The rations of treatment groups were supplemented with 1 g/kg Farmagulator XP (TM) (Group H), 0.5 g/kg Biosacc (TM) (Group B) and 1 g/kg Farmagulator XP (TM) + 0.5 g/kg Biosacc (TM) combination (Group H+B), respectively. At the end of the study there were no statistically significant differences among the groups in terms of body weight gain, feed consumption, feed conversion ratio and carcass yield (P>0.05). But, body weight scores were found higher at the 4th and 5th weeks in the group H (P<0.05). It is concluded that the use of probiotic and humic acid alone and combination has no additional effect on quail performance.
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    THE EFFECTS OF ADDITION MALIC ACID AND WHEY ON THE SOME PARAMETERS OF VETCH-WHEAT SILAGES
    (Parlar Scientific Publications (P S P), 2021) Duru, Asuman Arslan; Elmali, Dilek Aksu; Yuksel, Osman; Kutay, Harun
    In this study, the effects of addition matte acid, whey and the combined of whey-malic acid on the silage quality were investigated. In the study, 0.3%; 0.6% and 0.9(Yo malic acid, whey and combinations were used. There were no significant differences in the odour, colour and structure of silages. The levels of dry matter, organic matter, crude ash, crude fiber, crude protein, neutral detergent fiber and acid detergent fiber did not differ. The pH, flieg score, and water soluble carbohydrate value of silages were significantly different. The lowest pH and highest flieg score were found in 0.9% whey and 0.9% whey+0.9% malic acid groups. Ammonia nitrogen and Listeria spp. were not detected. There was no difference in lactic acid bacteria. Sulfite reducing anaerobes were in one sample, and Enterobacteriaceae were in 4 samples. In concluation, adding 0.9% whey or 0.9% whey+0.9% malic acid may be beneficial in vetch-wheat silages.
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    Effects of Different Levels of Essential Oil Mixed (Peppermint-Thyme-Anise Oil) Supplementation in the Drinking Water on the Growth Performance, Carcass Traits and Histologic Structure of Terminal Ileum in Quails
    (Kafkas Univ, Veteriner Fakultesi Dergisi, 2016) Karadagoglu, Ozlem; Onk, Kadir; Sahin, Tarkan; Bingol, Seyit Ali; Elmali, Dilek Aksu; Durna, Ozlem
    This study was conducted in order to define the effects of oregofarm (peppermint, thyme and anise oil) supplementation in the drinking water on the growth performance, carcass quality and histologic structure of terminal ileum in quails. A total of 348 Japanese quail chicks (Coturnix coturnix japonica) of both sexes were included in this study. They were divided into one control group and two experimental groups and each of them contained 116 Japanese quail chicks. Each group was further divided into four subgroups with 29 Japanese quail chicks. This study was finalized in six weeks. All groups were fed with basal diets and received fresh water during the experiment. The control group received non-supplemented water. The group 1 and 2 received 1.0 ml/5 L and 1.5 ml/5 L oil mixture, respectively. All experimental groups were fed with water and ad-libitum. As a result of the study, there were statistically significant differences between the feed consumption and efficiency (P<0.001) in the end of the three weeks. Similarly, there were also statistically significant differences between same parameters (P<0.01; 0.05) five weeks later. The body weights of quails were not significantly different from each other (P>0.05). At the end of the study, there were statistically differences in the warm and cold carcass parameters (P<0.05). Adding essential oil mixed were not affected on histological structure of terminal ileum (P>0.05). Conclusively, the supplementation of oregofarm (peppermint + thyme and anise oil) has no additional effect on quail performance.
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    Effects of Different Levels of Malic Acid on the Some Quality and Micro Flora of Vetch (Vicia sativa L.) Silage
    (Medwell Online, 2012) Elmali, Dilek Aksu; Duru, Metin
    The aim of this study was to explore the usability of different levels of malic acid as a vetch (Vicia sativa L.) additive. Vetch was used in this trial as the silage material. Groups with five repetitions which contained different levels of malic acid, i.e., 0-5 g kg(-1) (M0-M5, respectively) were formed vetches cut in a mean length of 1.5-2 cm were ensiled in jars of approximately 1 L which let merely gas out. Physical, chemical and microbiological analyses were conducted on the silage which was opened on the 120th day after it was ensiled. During physical analyses, only the group which had been added 5 g kg(-1) of malic acid was evaluated to have obtained the full score in each parameter, namely in smell, outer view and color. With the addition of malic acid, significant increases in dry matter, crude protein and nitrogen free extract values were observed (p<0.001) in groups M3-M5 while the same groups showed reduction in crude fiber and crude ash values (p<0.001). Lactic acid bacteria count was found to be below the detection limit in the control group while it was found to be above the detection limit in the groups which were added malic acid. Furthermore, the existence of mould was confirmed in the control group. In conclusion, it was evaluated that chemical, physical and microbiological qualities could increase with the addition of malic acid to the vetch silage.
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    The Effects of Grazing and Concentrate Supplementation at Pasture on Performance and Rumen Parameters in Lambs
    (Kafkas Univ, Veteriner Fakultesi Dergisi, 2011) Kaya, Ismail; Sahin, Tarkan; Elmali, Dilek Aksu; Unal, Yucel
    In this study, the effect of grazing and concentrate supplementation on fattening performance, rumen pH, total volatile fatty acids and ammonia nitrogen concentration in lambs were investigated. The effect of vegetation period on nutrient content of the pasture were also determined. Eighteen Tushin lambs, 2-3 months age and weaned were used in experiment. Lambs were divided into three groups with their weight and each group consists of 6 lambs. Concentrate with 18.5% CP and 2.650 kcal/kg ME was fed to lambs in addition to pasture. Six lambs were only grazed (Pasture Group). Six lambs were supplemented 200 g concentrate with the pasture (Pasture + Suppl. I Group) and six lambs were supplemented 400 g concentrate with the pasture (Pasture + Suppl. II Group). Lambs were grazing on the pasture 8 h in a day. Supplementated feeds were given after the grazing and water was supplied two times in a day. The lamb body weight gains were determined monthly. The experiment was lasted three months There were no significant effect of grazing and supplementation on body weight of lambs (P > 0.05). Daily weight gain of grazing and supplementation groups were determined 153, 161, 183 g respectively. There were no significant differences in rumen fluid pH, TVFA and NH(3)-N between the grazing or supplementation groups (P > 0.05). Dry matter and CF contents of pasture were increased with respect to the vegetation period (31.33-74.89%, 29.08-34.68%), but CP was decreased from 11.01% to 6.25% (P < 0.05). As a result, supplementation of concentrate feed to grazing lambs on the pasture were no effect on performance and rumen parameters in lambs. On the other hand there were differences nutrient contents of pasture with vegetation.