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    Effects of dietary mannan oligosaccharide on growth, body composition and hepatopancreas histology of Penaeus semisulcatus (de Haan 1844)
    (Wiley, 2007) Genc, M. A.; Aktas, M.; Genc, E.; Yilmaz, E.
    The effects of dietary mannan oligosaccharides (MOS) on growth, body composition and hepatopancreas histology of Penaeus semisulcatus (postlarvae stage 20) were investigated for 48 days. Different dosages of MOS (0, 1.5, 3.0 and 4.5 g MOS kg(-1)) were tested in triplicate groups. Shrimp postlarvae averaging 0.34 +/- 0.01 g attained 1.52 +/- 0.31, 1.51 +/- 0.15, 2.18 +/- 0.13, 1.57 +/- 0.13-g final weight and 42.7 +/- 2.7, 37.3 +/- 1.3, 64.0 +/- 6.9, 50.7 +/- 4.8% survival, respectively. At the end of the study, generally enhanced growth performance and feed conversion ratio were observed in shrimp fed on diet containing 3.0 g kg-1 MOS with the highest final live weight (2.18 +/- 0.13 g) and survival rate (64.0 +/- 6.9%) after 48 days of feeding. The protein contents in the whole body decreased with increasing rates of dietary MOS (P < 0.05). Different levels of dietary MOS used in this study showed no detrimental effects on hepatopancreas tissue judged by histological screening. In conclusion, 3.0 g kg(-1) MOS could be used as a healthy growth promoter in shrimp diets.
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    A preliminary study on the use of mannan oligosaccharides (MOS) in freshwater crayfish, Astacus leptodactylus Eschscholtz, 1823 juvenile diets
    (Springer, 2011) Mazlum, Yavuz; Yilmaz, Erdal; Genc, M. A.; Guner, Ozlem
    The effects of dietary mannan oligosaccharides (MOS) on the survival and growth of Astacus leptodactylus juveniles were evaluated. Experimental diets were prepared by using supplementation of 0 (Control), 1.5, 3.0, and 4.5 g MOS kg(-1) commercial trout larvae diet containing 43 g kg(-1) protein and 15.74 g kg(-1) lipid. A. leptodactylus juvenile with an average total length of 3.6 +/- 0.46 cm (TL) and average weight of 1.25 +/- 0.43 g was stocked in 0.2-m(2) aquariums at a rate of 50 crayfish/m(2) and reared for 60 days at 22.8 degrees C. The experiment consisted of four treatments with three replicates each. Each aquarium contained ten crayfish. Crayfish juvenile fed with 0, 1.5, 3.0, and 4.5 MOS attained 6.15 +/- 0.49, 5.94 +/- 0.29, 7.34 +/- 0.39, and 5.94 +/- 0.27 cm final total length and 50, 56.67, 46.67, and 50% survival rates, respectively. Moreover, molting frequencies in 0, 1.5, 3.0, and 4.5 g kg(-1) MOS groups were detected as 44.44, 61.11, 83.33, and 38.88%, respectively. At the end of the experiment, a general enhanced growth performance (P < 0.05) and feed conversion ratio were observed in crayfish fed on the diet containing 3.0 g kg(-1). Crayfish juveniles fed with 3.0 g kg(-1) MOS had the highest final length (7.34 +/- 0.39 cm), although their survival was the lowest (46.67%) compared to other treatments but not significant. Specific growth rates were significantly different (P < 0.05) among the treatment groups at the end of the 60-day experiment. There were no significant differences (P > 0.05) in percentage moisture, protein, and ash (wet-weight basis) in the tail meat of A. leptodactylus juvenile among treatments (diet) that averaged 82.3, 16.1, and 1.2%, respectively. However, lipid value was significantly different among the diets P < 0.05), with values between 0.13 and 0.32. From the current results, it could be advised to use MOS at the rate of 3.0 g kg(-1) in A. leptodactylus juvenile diets.