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    Molecular characterization and genetic diversity analysis of mandarin genotypes by SSR and SRAP markers
    (Wfl Publ, 2013) Kacar, Yildiz; Uzun, Aydin; Polat, Ilknur; Yesiloglu, Turgut; Yilmaz, Bilge; Gulsen, Osman; Tuzcu, Onder
    The aim of the present study was to characterize the mandarin germplasm conserved at the Tuzcu Citrus Variety Collection at Cukurova University in Turkey using simple sequence repeat (SSR) and sequence-related amplified polymorphism (SRAP) based molecular approaches. Genetic characterization of 65 mandarins was performed using 14 SSR markers and 21 SRAP markers. We originally tested 26 SSR markers, and 14 of these markers were selected due to their high polymorphism information content in the molecular assays. Thirty-eight alleles were detected at 14 loci. The number of alleles per SSR locus ranged from 2 to 4, with a mean of 2.7 alleles. The most informative loci were CAGG 9, CAT 01 and TAA 52 (4 alleles/primer). From the SRAP analysis, a total of 187 alleles were generated, and the polymorphism rate was 77%. The number of alleles detected by a single primer set ranged from 4 to 15, with an average of 8.90. The UPGMA dendrogram, defined by SSR and SRAP markers, revealed the genetic relatedness of the mandarin genotypes. These findings can be used to guide future breeding studies and germplasm management of these mandarin genotypes.
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    Morphological and molecular characterization of garlic (Allium sativum L.) genotypes sampled from Turkey
    (Springer, 2022) Kirac, Hayrettin; Sekerci, Akife Dalda; Coskun, Omer Faruk; Gulsen, Osman
    Garlic is a vegetable widely used both in food and as a pharmaceutical raw material in the world due to its contents. Although morphological differences are observed in garlic, which is obligatory apomictically propagated, clonal propagation causes narrowing variation, a genetic bottleneck. This situation complicates breeding programs aiming improvements in preferred agronomic characteristics. For this reason, determining the morphological and molecular differences between garlic genotypes originating from Turkey is important for breeding studies. In this study, morphological and molecular characteristics of 39 garlic genotypes, which are widely cultivated in Turkey, were determined. Kahramanmaras4 genotype was different from other genotypes in terms of some morphological features (fresh weight, dry weight, and bulb diameter). In the molecular characterization study, 10 Inter-Simple Sequence Repeats (ISSR) primers were used, and it was determined that the genotype TekDis31 of Tunceli region was different from other garlic genotypes. Genetic similarity coefficient was found to be high (0.85-1.0) in genotypes except for TekDis31 garlic genotype. In general, some garlic clones (Maras3 and Kayseri30, Urfa33 and Topakli35, Kastamonu22 and Kastamonu28, Urfa10 and Kastamonu14, Kastamonu29 and Bademci23) were completely similar to each other, while few differences were found among others. In conclusion, this study revealed that the garlic plant, despite its clonal propagation, consisted of some level of morphological and partially molecular variation. Due to its mode of reproduction (vegetative), this variation may largely be due to point or chromosomal mutation. Furthermore, the 10 identified ISSR primers can generate valuable information for genetic diversity for use by garlic breeders.