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    Effects of caffeic acid phenethyl ester on palatal mucosal defects and tooth extraction sockets
    (Dove Medical Press Ltd, 2014) Gunay, Ahmet; Arpag, Osman Fatih; Atilgan, Serhat; Yaman, Ferhan; Atalay, Yusuf; Acikan, Izzet
    Aim: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effects of caffeic acid phenethyl ester (CAPE) on palatal mucosal defects and tooth extraction sockets in an experimental model. Materials and methods: Forty-two male Sprague-Dawley rats with a mean age of 7 weeks and weighing 280-490 g were used in this study. The rats were randomly divided into two groups: group A (the control group, n=21) and group B (the experimental group, n=21). Under anesthesia with ketamine (8 mg/100 g, intraperitoneally), palatal mucosal defects were created and tooth extraction was performed in the rats in groups A and B. Group A received no treatment, whereas group B received CAPE. CAPE was injected daily (10 mu mol/kg, intraperitoneally). The rats were killed on days 7, 14, and 30 after the procedures. Palatal mucosa healing and changes in bone tissue and fibrous tissue were evaluated histopathologically. Result: Pairwise comparisons showed no statistically significant difference between days 7 and 14 in either group (P>0.05). At day 30, bone healing was significantly better in group B (CAPE) than in group A (control) (P<0.05). Fibrinogen levels at day 30 were significantly higher in group A (control) than in group B (CAPE) (P<0.05). Pairwise comparisons showed no statistically significant difference in palatal mucosa healing levels between days 7 and 14 in both groups (P>0.05). Conclusion: In conclusion, the findings of this study suggest that CAPE can significantly improve tooth socket healing.
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    To what extent does hyaluronic acid affect healing of xenografts? A histomorphometric study in a rabbit model
    (Univ Sao Paulo Fac Odontologia Bauru, 2018) Arpag, Osman Fatih; Damlar, Ibrahim; Altan, Ahmet; Tatli, Ufuk; Gunay, Ahmet
    Among the many graft materials that have been used for the treatment of bone defects in oral and maxillofacial regions is xenograft. To improve osteoconductive effects of xenografts, they have been combined with various biocompatible materials, such as hyaluronic acid and bone morphogenetic protein. Objective: To determine bone-healing capacity of high molecular weight hyaluronic acid (HA) combined with xenograft in rabbit calvarial bone defects. Material and methods: Ten adult male New Zealand rabbits (mean weight 3 kg) were included in the study. Three 6-mm-diameter bicortical cranial defects were created on calvarial bone of all rabbits. These defects were filled as follows: a) xenograft; b) HA+xenograft; c) autograft. One month after the first operation, rabbits were sacrificed. Specimens were evaluated histomorphometrically. Results: Considering multiple comparisons, differences regarding new bone were statistically significant between all groups (p<0.05). The volume of residual graft was significantly decreased in HA group compared to xenograft group (p=0.035). Marrow space, trabecular thickness (TbTh), trabecular width (TbWi), trabecular separation (TbSp), and number of node: number of terminus (NNd:NTm) in the autograft group were significantly better than xenograft and HA groups (p<0.05). However, regarding marrow space, TbTh, TbWi, TbSp, and NNd: NTm values, xenograft and HA groups showed similar results and the difference were not significant (p>0.05). Conclusion: These results support that high molecular weight hyaluronic acid could contribute to the healing of xenograft by improving the percentage of new bone formation and reducing the percentage of residual graft. However, HA did not significantly affect the quality of newly formed bone assessed by microarchitectural parameters.