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Öğe Potential Role of Plant Growth Regulators in Administering Crucial Processes Against Abiotic Stresses(Frontiers Media Sa, 2021) EL Sabagh, Ayman; Mbarki, Sonia; Hossain, Akbar; Iqbal, Muhammad Aamir; Islam, Mohammad Sohidul; Raza, Ali; Llanes, AnaliaPlant growth regulators are naturally biosynthesized chemicals in plants that influence physiological processes. Their synthetic analogous trigger numerous biochemical and physiological processes involved in the growth and development of plants. Nowadays, due to changing climatic scenario, numerous biotic and abiotic stresses hamper seed germination, seedling growth, and plant development leading to a decline in biological and economic yields. However, plant growth regulators (PGRs) can potentially play a fundamental role in regulating plant responses to various abiotic stresses and hence, contribute to plant adaptation under adverse environments. The major effects of abiotic stresses are growth and yield disturbance, and both these effects are directly overseen by the PGRs. Different types of PGRs such as abscisic acid (ABA), salicylic acid (SA), ethylene (ET), and jasmonates (JAs) are connected to boosting the response of plants to multiple stresses. In contrast, PGRs including cytokinins (CKs), gibberellins (GAs), auxin, and relatively novel PGRs such as strigolactones (SLs), and brassinosteroids (BRs) are involved in plant growth and development under normal and stressful environmental conditions. Besides, polyamines and nitric oxide (NO), although not considered as phytohormones, have been included in the current review due to their involvement in the regulation of several plant processes and stress responses. These PGRs are crucial for regulating stress adaptation through the modulates physiological, biochemical, and molecular processes and activation of the defense system, upregulating of transcript levels, transcription factors, metabolism genes, and stress proteins at cellular levels. The current review presents an acumen of the recent progress made on different PGRs to improve plant tolerance to abiotic stress such as heat, drought, salinity, and flood. Moreover, it highlights the research gaps on underlying mechanisms of PGRs biosynthesis under stressed conditions and their potential roles in imparting tolerance against adverse effects of suboptimal growth conditions.Öğe Sustainable crop production to ensuring food security under climate change: A Mediterranean perspective(Southern Cross Publishing, 2020) Hossain, Akbar; EL Sabagh, Ayman; Barutcular, Celaleddin; Bhatt, Rajan; Çiğ, Fatih; Seydoşoğlu, Seyithan; Turan, NizamettinThe global population is predicted to expand to 9.1 billion by 2050. Countries around the Mediterranean Sea are predicted to achieve a combined population of 529 million by 2025. The current major challenge confronting sustainable agriculture in the Mediterranean region is climate change which has directly affected the extent and frequency of rain events, floods, and droughts, which in turn has influenced land and water productivity and farmers' livelihoods. The present review highlights the major consequences of climate change for sustainable crop production in the Mediterranean region and evaluates different mitigation strategies for improving agricultural land productivity and water use efficiency along with their impact on farmers' livelihoods. © 2020 Southern Cross Publishing.Öğe YIELD AND GRAIN PROTEIN OF WHEAT (TRITICUM AESTIVUM L.) IS INFLUENCED BY THE APPLICATION OF DIFFERENT LEVELS OF NITROGEN(Parlar Scientific Publications (P S P), 2020) Jahan, Abu Hena Sorwar; Hossain, Akbar; Alam, Nur; Ali, Ahsan; Saif, Hasib Bin; Kizilgeci, Ferhat; Konuskan, OmerMalnutrition is one of the major problems in the poor people of Bangladesh. There are some reports that additional nitrogen (over than recommended does) application to wheat plants result in more protein content in wheat grain. To justify these phenomena; the experiment was conducted in consecutive two years (2015-16 and 2016-17) at two locations (Gazipur and Dinajpur) during rabi season (November to March each year). There were used six nitrogen (N) treatments, such as 0, 100, 125, T-3; 150, 175 and 200 kg N hat. In the study, wheat cultivated at Dinajpur location exhibited more spikes m(-2), spike length, spikelets spike(-1), grains spike(-1), 1000-grain weight and higher grain yield in both years than Gazipur location. Considering combined N levels over the locations, the highest grain protein (14 %) as well as grain yield (5.00 t ha(-1)) was estimated when 200 kg N ha(-1) was applied. In economics point of view, 200 kg N ha(-1) application also gave the maximum (BCR, 1.21) followed by 175 kg N ha(-1) (1.20) and 150 kg N ha(-1) 1.20). Whereas, the maximum MBCR was found in 100 kg N ha(-1) (15.63). Therefore, to minimize malnutrition severity among the children as well as adult people in the developing countries like Bangladesh, 175 or 200 kg N ha(-1) may he applied in wheat to increase percentage protein in wheat grain.Öğe Yield and grain protein of wheat (triticumaestivuml:) is influenced by the application of different levels of nitrogen(Parlar Scientific Publications, 2020) Sorwar Jahan, Abu Hena; Hossain, Akbar; Alam, Nur; Ali, Ahsan; Saif, Hasib Bin; Kizilgeci, Ferhat; Konuskan, OmerMalnutrition is one ofthe major problems in the poor people of Bangladesh. There are some reports that additional nitrogen (over than recommended does) application to wheat plants result in more protein content in wheat grain. To justify these phenomena, the experiment was conducted in consecutive two years (2015-16 and 2016-17) at two locations (Gazipur and Dinajpur) during rabi season (November to March each year). There were used six nitrogen (N) treatments, such as 0, 100, 125, T3; 150, 175 and 200 kg N ha'1. In the study, wheat cultivated at Dinajpur location exhibited more spikes m'2, spike length, spikelets spike1, grains spike'1, 1000-grain weight and higher grain yield in both years than Gazipur location. Considering combined N levels over the locations, the highest grain protein (14 %) as well as grain yield (5.00 t ha'1) was estimated when 200 kg N ha'1 was applied. In economics point ofview, 200 kg N ha'1 application also gave the maximum (BCR, 1.21) followed by 175 kg N ha'1 (1.20) and 150 kg N ha'1 1.20). Whereas, the maximum MBCR was found in 100 kg N ha'1 (15.63). Therefore, to minimize malnutrition severity among the children as well as adult people in the developing countries like Bangladesh, 175 or 200 kg N ha'1 may be applied in wheat to increase percentage protein in wheat grain. © 2020 Parlar Scientific Publications. All rights reserved.
