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Öğe The adaptation of Turkish health literacy scale for literate Syrian adult refugees living in Turkey: a reliability-validity study(Bmc, 2021) Ozvaris, Sevkat Bahar; Dogan, Bahar Guciz; Unlu, Hande Konsuk; Aktuna, Gamze; Inandi, Tacettin; Kurt, A. Oner; Aydin, NerimanBackground Turkey hosts the world's largest refugee population of whom 3.5 million are Syrians and this population has been continuously growing since the year 2011. This situation causes various problems, mainly while receiving health-care services. In planning the migrant health-care services, for the policy makers of host countries, health literacy level of migrants is an important measure. Determination of health literacy level of Syrian refugees in Turkey would be supportive for planning some interventions to increase health-care service utilization, as well as health education and health communication programs. An original health literacy scale for 18-60 years of age Turkish literate adults (Hacettepe University Health Literacy Scale-HLS) was developed to be used as a reference scale in 2018. Since it would be useful to compare the health literacy levels of Turkish adults with Syrian adult refugees living in Turkey with an originally developed scale, in this study, it was aimed to adapt the HLS-Short Form for Syrian refugees. Methods This methodological study was carried out between the years 2019-2020 in three provinces of Turkey where the majority of Syrians reside. The data was collected by pre-trained, Arabic speaking 12 interviewers and three supervisors via a questionnaire on household basis. At first, the original Scale and questionnaire were translated into Arabic and back translated into the original language. The questionnaire and the Scale were pre-tested among 30 Syrian refugees in Ankara province. A total of 1254 refugees were participated into the main part of the study; 47 health-worker participants were excluded from the validity-reliability analysis. Confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) was performed. Cronbach's alpha and Spearman-Brown coefficients were calculated. Results Of the participants, 52.9% was male; 26.1% had secondary education level or less; almost half of them had moderate economic level; 27.5% could not speak Turkish. The Cronbach's Alpha was 0.75, Spearman-Brown Coefficient was 0.76; RMSEA = 0.073, CFI = 0.93, TLI = 0.92 and GFI = 0.95 for the Scale. The Cronbach's Alpha was 0.76, Spearman-Brown Coefficient was 0.77; RMSEA = 0.085, CFI = 0.93, TLI = 0.91 and GFI = 0.95 for self-efficacy part. Conclusion In conclusion, the adapted HLS would be a reliable instrument to evaluate the health-literacy level of Syrian refugees living in Turkey and could allow for a comparison of the host country's health literacy level to that of the refugees using the same scale.Öğe Assessment of reliability and validity of The Menopause-Specific Quality of Life Questionnaire in a Turkish Population(Drunpp-Sarajevo, 2011) Turhan, Ebru; Inandi, TacettinAim: The aim of this study was to assess reliability and validity of the Menopause-specific Quality of Life Questionnaire-Intervention (MENQOL-I) Methods: The study sample consists of 320 women who attended to clinics of three hospitals in Antakya in 2008. Patients filled the MENQOL-I and the Turkish version of World Health Organization-Quality of Life (WHOQOL-BREF-TR) questionnaires in addition to demographic questions. Results: Among respondents, 19.4% were illiterate, 94.4% were married and 70.9% were housewife. Mean age was 50.5 +/- 4.9, mean marital age was 19.2 +/- 2.1 and mean pregnancy number was 4.5 +/- 2.1. With regard to reliability analysis, overall Chronbach alpha value was 0.91. Overall mean score of the MENQOL-I was 4.2 +/- 1.0. In terms of item statistics, Chronbach alpha varied between 0.90 and 0.92 if item deleted. Correlations among the domains of MENQOL-I were statistically significant (p < 0.05). Three domains of the MENQO-I were significantly and negatively correlated with the some domains of WHOQOL-BREF-TR (p < 0.05). Sexual domain of MENQOL-I did not have correlation with WHOQOL-BREF-TR. Conclusion: The MENQOL-I has reliable and valid psychometric properties, and it can be used to evaluate the quality of life in Turkish women in menopausal period.Öğe Brucellosis Seroprevalance and Risk Factors in the Population Older Than Fifteen Years in Hatay, Turkey(Ortadogu Ad Pres & Publ Co, 2010) Turhan, Ebru; Inandi, Tacettin; Cetin, MeryemObjective: Brucellosis is a common infectious disease in Turkey. The aim of this study is to explore seroprevalence of Brucellosis and the risk factors associated with it in Hatay. Material and Methods: In this community-based cross-sectional study, the study sample consisted of a total of 1150 people older than 15 years of age. During March-May 2008, a questionnaire which included variables about socio-demographic characteristics, profession, occupation with farm animals, milk and milk product consumption was applied. Blood samples were taken, and evaluated with the standard tube agglutination test. Titers greater than 1:160 were considered positive. Chi-Square test and logistic regression were performed to analyze relations between socio-demographic variables and seropositivity. Results: Data of 1120 subjects were completed and analyzed in the study. Of them, 56.8% were males, and %43.2 were females. The mean age and standard deviation of the subjects was 16.8 +/- 44.01. The seropositivity for Brucella was 2.9% (1.96-3.94) in the study population. In univariate analysis, the highest seropositivity was in farmers while the lowest was in officers (p < 0.05). The seropositivity was higher in those who consume raw milk cheese and fresh cream, positive family history, or had close contact with animals (p < 0.01). In multiple analyses, the relations disappeared regarding to close contact with animals and occupation while the other relations remained. The differences by gender, age, rural-urban and education level were not significant (p > 0.05). Conclusion: Brucellosis is an important health problem in Hatay. Consumption of fresh cheese, butter, skim-milk cheese, raw milk and cream are the most frequent route of transmission of Brucellosis in our population.Öğe Completed and Attempted Suicide in Antakya (Antioch), Turkey during 2007-2009(Drunpp-Sarajevo, 2011) Turhan, Ebru; Inandi, TacettinObjectives: Suicide is one of the most important public health problems worldwide. The aim of this study was to determine differences between completed and attempted suicide groups in terms of gender, age groups and methods of suicide. Design: Retrospective study Setting: Antakya State Hospital, Hatay, Turkey Subjects: Three hundred and eighty-five completed and attempted suicide cases during the 3-year period between 2007 and 2009 Main Outcome Measures: Completed and attempted suicide rates by age, gender, methods of suicide, during the study years Results: Attempted suicide rate per 100,000 was 27.25, and completed suicide rate was 2.64 per 100,000. Overall case fatality rate was 8.83. There was a male predominance in completed suicides, and contrarily, a female predominance in attempted suicides (p<0.001). Suicide attempt rate was higher among the young, and case fatality rate was higher in elderly (p<0.001). Self-poisoning with drug overdose was the most common method in attempted suicides, and hanging was the most common method in completed suicides (p<0.001). The decrease in the attempted suicide rate was significant, and it accounted for the significant decrease in the overall suicide rate over the study period (p<0.001). However, there was no significant change in the completed suicide rates over the years (p>0.05). Conclusions: Suicide rate was lower than the rate in western societies. Age and gender were significant factors for suicides The annual suicide attempt rates have decreased while the completed suicide rates have not changed over the years.Öğe Dermatology Life Quality Index Scores in Lichen Planus: Comparison of Psoriasis and Healthy Controls(Deri Zuhrevi Hastaliklar Dernegi, 2008) Balci, Didem Didar; Inandi, TacettinBackground and Design: Skin diseases affect physical and social activities and psychological status. The aim of this study was to investigate the Dermatology Life Quality Index (DLQI) scores in patients with lichen planus and compared with that in psoriasis patients and healthy controls. Material and Method: Thirty consecutive patients with lichen planus, 30 with psoriasis vulgaris attending our dermatology outpatient clinic and 30 sex- and age-matched healthy controls completed the DLQI. Results: Total DLQI scores of patients with lichen planus (9.60 +/- 7.32) and psoriasis (9.50 +/- 6.10) were comparable (p>0.05) and significantly higher than that of healthy controls (0.67 +/- 0.80) (p<0.001). No significant difference were detected between the subscale scores in patients with lichen planus and psoriasis (p>0.05). Lichen planus patients with oral involvement demonstrated higher mean DLQI score than that of lichen planus patients without oral involvement (13.27 +/- 8.05 vs. 7.47 +/- 6.11, p=0.034). Conclusion: The quality of life (QoL) of patients with lichen planus is impaired as much as that of psoriasis. The DLQI questionnaire is a reliable and valid instrument for assessing the QoL in patients with lichen planus. (Turkderm 2008; 42: 127-30)Öğe Dermatology life quality index scores in lichen planus: Comparison of psoriasis and healthy controls(2008) Balci, Didem Didar; Inandi, TacettinBackground and Design: Skin diseases affect physical and social activities and psychological status. The aim of this study was to investigate the Dermatology Life Quality Index (DLQI) scores in patients with lichen planus and compared with that in psoriasis patients and healthy controls. Material and Method: Thirty consecutive patients with lichen planus, 30 with psoriasis vulgaris attending our dermatology outpatient clinic and 30 sex- and age-matched healthy controls completed the DLQI. Results: Total DLQI scores of patients with lichen planus (9.60±7.32) and psoriasis (9.50±6.10) were comparable (p>0.05) and significantly higher than that of healthy controls (0.67±0.80) (p<0.001). No significant difference were detected between the subscale scores in patients with lichen planus and psoriasis (p>0.05). Lichen planus patients with oral involvement demonstrated higher mean DLQI score than that of lichen planus patients without oral involvement (13.27±8.05 vs. 7.47±6.11, p=0.034). Conclusion: The quality of life (QoL) of patients with lichen planus is impaired as much as that of psoriasis. The DLQI questionnaire is a reliable and valid instrument for assessing the QoL in patients with lichen planus.Öğe Diagnostic approach and significance of inducible nitric oxide positivity in human cutaneous leishmaniasis caused by leishmania tropica(Blackwell Publishing, 2007) Atik, Esin; Kuk, Salih; Inandi, TacettinAim To determine the usefulness of polymerase chain reaction (PCR) in the diagnosis of leishmaniasis and to emphasize the importance of inducible nitric oxide (iNOS). Materials and Methods Twenty-nine patients with cutaneous leishmaniasis diagnosed according to clinical criteria who live in rural areas of Antakya-Hatay/Turkey were included in this study. Twenty-five patients free of leishmaniasis were accepted as a control group. Punch biopsies and smears were obtained from lesions of the patients in the study group. Half of each punch biopsy specimen was processed in routine tissue processing. After routine tissue processing hematoxylin-eosin and iNOS immunohistochemical staining were applied. The remaining half of the biopsy specimens was studied by PCR method. INOS-positive stained macrophages were determined. Results The positive detection rates in 29 cases of cutaneous leishmaniasis (CL) were 96.5% by PCR, 86.2% by direct microscopic evaluation of biopsy and 58.6% by direct visualization of smear in this study. iNOS reaction was mildly positive in three cases, moderately positive in six cases and strongly positive in 20 cases. Conclusion iNOS yielded positive reaction in all cases but this positivity showed differences with respect to the age of the lesions or the effect of iNOS on the immune mechanism. This reveals an inverse correlation between iNOS reactivity and duration of lesion (Spearman correlation r = -0.53, P = 0.003). There was no correlation between iNOS reactivity and patient age (Spearman correlation: r = 0.13, P = 0.5). In terms of gender, there was no association with iNOS.Öğe Diagnostic value of MAG3 scintigraphy and DMSA scintigraphy in renal parenchyma damage and acute pyelonephritis of children(Cukurova Univ, Fac Medicine, 2016) Kilicaslan, Buket; Alp, Handan; Yildirim, Mustafa; Inandi, TacettinPurpose: In this study, we aimed to compare diagnostic value of MAG3 scintigraphy in renal parenchyma damage and acute pyelonephritis, in the first urinary tract infection in children, with DMSA scintigraphy. Material and Methods: Seventy patients who never diagnosed before but admitted with complaints of urinary tract infection for the first time, were included in this study. Before the treatment of all patients in the study were taken blood and urine samples, and leukocyte count, erythrocyte sedimentation rate, C-reactive protein concentration were determined. DMSA scintigraphy in detection of renal parenchyma damage was accepted as gold standard. In the detection of damage in renal parenchyma, positive and negative predictive value, selectivity and sensitivity of MAG3 scintigraphy were detected. Results: The fever, elevated leukocytes, C-reactive protein and sedimentation rate were found statistically significant in the detection of pyelonephritis. However, these values were not significant statistically in the demonstration of the severity of parenchyma damage. In the detection of damage in renal parenchyma, MAG3 scintigraphy had a sensitivity of 32.5 % and a specificity of 98.1 %. Conclusion: MAG3 scintigraphy can not replace DMSA scan to determine the renal parenchyma damage in childhood.Öğe DLQI scores in patients with keloids and hypertrophic scars: a prospective case control study(Wiley, 2009) Balci, Didem Didar; Inandi, Tacettin; Dogramaci, Cigdem Asena; Celik, EbruP>Background: Keloids and hypertrophic scars (HTS) can cause functional impairment and psychosocial burdens, both of which affects quality of life (QoL). Our aim was to compare Dermatology Life Quality Index (DLQI) scores in patients with keloids and HTS to those of psoriasis patients and normal controls. Patients and Methods: Forty-eight consecutive patients with keloids and HTS and 48 with psoriasis vulgaris attending our dermatology outpatient clinic, as well as 48 sex- and age-matched healthy controls completed the DLQI. Results: Total DLQI scores of patients with keloids and HTS (7.79 +/- 5.10) and psoriasis (8.73 +/- 5.63) were comparable and significantly higher than that of healthy controls (0.58 +/- 0.77). No significant difference were found between patients with psoriasis and patients with keloids and HTS in terms of the total DLQI scores and the subscale scores (p > 0.05) except treatment (p < 0.05) sub-scale scores which were higher in psoriasis. Conclusions: The QoL of patients with keloids and HTS is impaired as much as that of those with psoriasis. The DLQI questionnaire is a reliable and valid instrument for assessing the QoL in patients with keloids and HTS.Öğe Effects of a fix-payment method per outpatient on the procedures, in university hospitals, Turkey(Springer, 2007) Inandi, TacettinThe effects of payment methods on clinical practice are not well understood, in Turkey. In the middle of 2006, a fix-payment method for hospitals was implemented, and 5 months later was cancelled. The aim of the study was to evaluate the effects of the payment method on the clinical practice in the University hospitals. The data in this study was retrospectively obtained from six university hospital records. Main outcome measure is procedure number per outpatient. The overall mean procedure number per outpatient was found as 12.2. A significant decrease was observed in the mean procedure number during the period of fix-payment method (p < 0.05). While the mean number remained at the level of 13.4 +/- 6.3 during the other months of the year (p < 0.05), it came down to the level of 10.3 +/- 4.8 during the period of fix-payment method. A decrease of 23% in procedures was calculated during the new method. It was concluded that payment model for hospitals was an effective factor on clinical practice.Öğe Effects of a fixed-payment method on demand for imaging tests in a university hospital(Oxford Univ Press, 2008) Inandi, Tacettin; Ozer, Cahit; Balcı, Ali; Karazincir, SinemBackground In 2006, a new medical payment framework such as fixed-payment method was implemented in Turkey and then cancelled 5 months later. The aim of this study was to explore the effects of this payment method on the demand for imaging tests. Methods Data were obtained retrospectively from electronic medical records. The main outcome measures were the number of imaging tests, the payment per outpatient and the rate of negative results of imaging tests. Results The overall mean number of imaging tests per outpatient was 0.75 +/- 0.13. This value decreased significantly after implementation of the fixed-payment method, and then increased after its cancellation (P < 0.01). The overall mean payment per outpatient was $14.1 +/- 2.3. For patients with social security, there was a significant decrease in the mean payment after implementation of the new method, followed by an increase after its cancellation (P = 0.02); in contrast, no significant changes were observed in patients not covered by social security (P > 0.05). No significant differences were observed in the rate of negative results for imaging tests (P > 0.05). Conclusions The use of a fixed-payment method reduces the demand for imaging tests when there is a strong financial relationship between the hospital and its personnel.Öğe Effects of diffuse fatty infiltration of the liver on portal vein flow hemodynamics(Wiley, 2008) Balcı, Ali; Karazincir, Sinem; Sumbas, HaIdun; Oter, Yasemin; Egilmez, Ertugrud; Inandi, TacettinPurpose. To investigate the effects of various degrees of diffuse fatty infiltration of the liver on portal vein blood flow with Doppler sonography. Methods. One hundred forty subjects were examined with color and spectral Doppler sonography. The subjects were divided into 4 groups of 35 subjects each according to the degree (normal, grade 1, grade 2 and grade 3) of hepatic fatty infiltration assessed on gray-scale images. The portal vein pulsatility index (VPI) and time-averaged mean flow velocity (MFV) were calculated for each subject. VPI was calculated as (peak maximum velocity - peak minimum velocity) peak maximum velocity. Results. VPI and MFV values were, respectively, 0.32 +/- 0.06 and 16.8 +/- 2.6 cm/second in the normal group, 0.27 +/- 0.07 and 14.2 +/- 2.2 cm/second in the group with grade 1 fatty infiltration, 0.22 +/- 0.06 and 12.2 +/- 1.8 cm/second in the group with grade 2 fatty infiltration, and 0.18 +/- 0.04 and 10.8 +/- 1.5 cm/second in the group with grade 3 fatty infiltration. There was a negative inverse correlation between the grade of fatty infiltration and both VPI (f = 55.3, p < 0.001) and MFV (f = 43.9, p < 0.001). Conclusion. The pulsatility index and mean velocity of the portal vein blood flow decrease as the severity of fatty infiltration increases. (C) 2008 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.Öğe The Effects of Elimination of Gate-Keeping on Tertiary Care and the Social Insurance System(Galenos Publ House, 2011) Savas, Nazan; Ozer, Cahit; Inandi, TacettinThe aim was to investigate the effects of elimination of gatekeeping on a university hospital and Social Insurance Institute (SII). Electronic records of 2006-2007 were analyzed. The mean outpatient visits was 273.8 +/- 69.9 before the gate-keeping elimination, it was 471.8 +/- 114.7 after the gate-keeping elimination (p<0.001). The increased rate of visits were in the department of cardiology (95.4%) followed by respiratory medicine (33.3%), orthopedics (22.6%), neurology (16.1%) and gynecology (11.4%). Also the most frequent diagnoses changed in these departments. The most frequent diagnoses before and after elimination were as follows; hypertension in comparison to anxiety disorders after elimination in cardiology, chronic obstructive lung disease compared to myalgia in respiratory medicine, fracture follow up compared to joint pain in orthopaedics, epilepsy compared to dizziness in neurology and infertility compared to vaginitis in gynecology. SII has paid 10.67 fold higher dues after elimination for these 7 departments and diagnoses. Consequently; elimination of the gate-keeping can easily be applied to tertiary care and can increase health expenditures.Öğe The Effects of Performance Based Supplementary Payment on Physician Practice; A Cross Sectional Questionnaire Study(Drunpp-Sarajevo, 2011) Turhan, Ebru; Inandi, Tacettin; Ceylan, Ali; Gun, Iskender; Oner, SevaAim: The aim of this study is to assess the effects of performance based supplementary payment (PBP) on work conditions, relations among health workers, income level, and use of health care services. Method: In this cross sectional survey, 654 physicians who had been practicing for at least ten years filled in a questionnaire to obtain opinions on the PBP. Results: Mean age and standard deviation of the physicians were 43.26+/-6.8. In terms of relationship among physicians, 67.6 % reported 'negative effect' of PBP. In terms of solidarity and competition, 68.8% responded that PBP decreased solidarity, and 84.1% responded that PBP increased competition among health care workers. Of the subjects, 56.1% reported an increased work load during PBP. More than two third of physicians thought that performance method increased unnecessary procedures and overuse of the services. More than half of the subjects responded that waiting time for physical examination reduced, and 60.9% reported that spending time per examination also decreased. More than half of the physicians had negative opinion about the PBP, 70.2% implied a negative effect on peace at work. With regard to effect of PBP on social life, 44.8% responded 'no effect' while 40.7% responded 'negative effect', and 60.6% reported that holiday activities were affected negatively. Conclusion: Increased income level of physicians, and increased accessibility to health care are main positive effects of PBP. Great incentives with fixed low salary may cause increased overuse of health services, increased competitions, decreased solidarity, conflict among physicians, inefficient use of resources, loss of ethical values, and decreased quality of service.Öğe Epidemiology of attempted suicide in Hatay, Turkey(Riyadh Armed Forces Hospital, 2011) Turban, Ebru; Inandi, Tacettin; Aslan, Mustafa; Zeren, CemObjective: To determine suicide rates, socio-demographic risk factors, and reasons for suicide attempts. Methods: This hospital based, retrospective study consisted of 1613 suicide attempts brought to the emergency services of 8 state hospitals in Hatay, Turkey from January 2007 to December 2009. We obtained the data by retrospective analysis of patient record forms including information on age, gender, education level, marital status, occupation, reason for suicide, method of suicide, presence of previous psychiatric disease in the patient or family, previous suicidal behavior in the patient or family. We obtained current population data of the province from the Turkish State Institute of Statistics. Chi-Square test, and percentage distribution was used for the statistical analysis. Results: The mean age of females (23.9 +/- 7.9) was lower than males (26.6 +/- 0.7). The mean annual rate of attempted suicides per 100,000 was 38.14 (16.11 in males, 60.42 in females). The rate decreased as the age increased, and was highest in the 15-24 age group, in women, in non-married patients, and in the individuals with high school education. Self-poisoning with a drug overdose was the most common method, and domestic conflicts were the most common reason. Psychiatric disease history in the family or patient, and suicide attempt in the family were risk factors associated with repeated suicide attempts. Conclusion: The suicide attempt rate was lower than in many western countries, and similar to previous studies in Turkey. The risk of recurrence in suicide attempts is high, and is associated with psychosocial factors.Öğe GLOBAL HEALTH PROFESSIONS STUDENT SURVEY - TURKEY: SECOND-HAND SMOKE EXPOSURE AND OPINIONS OF MEDICAL STUDENTS ON ANTI-TOBACCO LAW(Natl Inst Public Health, 2013) Inandi, Tacettin; Caman, Ozge Karadag; Aydin, Neriman; Onal, Ayse Emel; Kaypmaz, Ayse; Turhan, Ebru; Erguder, TokerAim: This study, as a part of the Global Health Professions Student Survey (GHPSS), aimed to assess medical students' tobacco use, exposure to second-hand tobacco smoke (SHS), and opinions as well as smoking policies at medical faculties in Turkey. Methods: The study was conducted in 2010 as a school-based survey of third-year students in 12 medical schools. GHPSS uses a standardised methodology for selecting schools (probability proportional to student enrolment size) and data processing. In total, data from 1,217 of third year medical students were analysed. Results: Prevalence of current tobacco use among participating students was 28.5%. Exposure to SHS in the last seven days was 46.9% at home, and 42.2% in other places. Among smokers, over 7 in 10 students reported smoking on medical school premises during the past 30 days and the past year. Conclusion: Medical students' exposure to SHS is common and smoking on medical school premises/buildings constitutes a problem. Turkey passed an anti-tobacco law in 2008, yet enforcement of the law must be stronger. In addition, medical schools must evaluate, and likely revise their education curricula to better prepare medical students to advocate tobacco control.Öğe Hemoglobinopathy awareness among high school students in Antakya (Antioch), Turkey(Springer Japan Kk, 2010) Savas, Nazan; Turhan, Ebru; Inandi, Tacettin; Kaya, HasanHemoglobinopathy is a major public health problem in Eastern Mediterranean, Turkey, where homozygote babies continue to be born. We wanted to present the knowledge of high school students and their attitudes on hemoglobinopathy in Antakya (center of Hatay).The study was performed on 11th grade students in 17 high schools and 486 students in the center at Antakya. We used a questionnaire and frequency tables and chi-square tests were used. Of the students who took part, 37.7% were previously informed about hemoglobinopathies, while 62.3% were not. There was no significant relationship between the school types and their being previously informed (p > 0.05). There was an index case for 28% of the students, and 25.4% of the students who did not have any diseased person around them were previously informed (p < 0.01). While the range of percentage of correct answers was between 17.5% (about treatment of the diseases) and 73.3% (about the carrier status), these percentages seemed to be higher for those who stated that they were previously informed (22.2% about treatment and 85.8% about the carrier status). As much as 83.7% of the students stated that they wanted to be educated about hemoglobinopathies in the school and 89.1% wanted to know if they were carriers. Our study suggests that there is an urgent need to revise the Hemoglobinopathy Control Programme especially with regard to the enlightenment of the students and public.Öğe Knowledge, attitudes, and behaviors of female teachers related to breast cancer and breast examination in southern Turkey(Karger, 2008) Temiz, Muhyittin; Aslan, Ahmet; Inandi, Tacettin; Beshirov, Elmir; Beyaz, FikretBackground: The aim of this study was to investigate the knowledge, attitudes, and behaviors of female teachers related to breast cancer in Southern Turkey. Materials and Methods: There are almost 5,000 female teachers working in Hatay, Turkey, and we aimed to reach 10% of this population. Our questionnaire consisted of 14 questions about personal information, 14 questions about knowledge related to breast cancer, and 14 questions about attitudes and behaviors of teachers. Results: In all, 490 female teachers participated in the study. The mean age was 34.6 years, and most were married (77.1%). 62.9% of participants reported to have insufficient knowledge about breast cancer. The source of information was newspaper/TV in 84.6%, and medical health care providers in 22.8%. While all of the participants think that early diagnosis of breast cancer is important; 19% think personal hygiene is protective against breast cancer. Among all the participants, 53.7% have never practiced breast self-examination (BSE). Of those who practice BSE; 80.6% practice it as they remember, 12.5% practice it once a month. 38.4% of these learned BSE from a doctor, and 38.0% from TV. The reason for not practicing BSE was underestimation in 46.7% and lack of knowledge in 37.9%. 152 participants had a clinical breast examination (CBE) done, and 145 of these had it done by an expert doctor. A total of 86 participants had undergone mammography, while 67 of the over-40-year-old group had not. Conclusion: 3/5 of the female teachers think that they do not have enough knowledge related to breast cancer. More than half of them do not practice BSE, and only 12.5% of them practice BSE regularly.Öğe Long-term effect of varicocele repair on intratesticular arterial resistance index(John Wiley & Sons Inc, 2008) Balcı, Ali; Karazincir, Sinem; Gorur, Sadik; Sumbas, Haldun; Egilmez, Ertugrul; Inandi, TacettinPurpose. To investigate the long-term effect of varicocele repair on ipsilateral intratesticular arterial resistance index (RI) using color Doppler sonography (CDS). Methods. A total of 26 infertile patients with left varicocele who underwent a testicular artery and lymphatic-sparing subinguinal varicocelectomy were examined with CDS for intratesticular flow parameters before and at least 6 months after surgery. We also evaluated preoperative and postoperative semen parameters. Results. The mean values of RI, end-diastolic velocity and pulsatility index decreased significantly after surgery, whereas no significant change was observed in peak systolic velocity. Repair of the varicocele resulted in a statistically significant increase in the total sperm count, motility, morphology, and total motile sperm count. However, no significant correlation was found between sperm parameters and RI values (p > 0.05). Conclusions. Our data show that a significant improvement occurs in testicular blood supply and sperm parameters after surgical varicocele repair, without significant correlation between these 2 changes. (C) 2007 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.Öğe Performance of QuantiFERON-TB Gold In-Tube test and Tuberculin Skin Test for diagnosis of latent tuberculosis infection in BCG vaccinated health care workers(Int Scientific Information, Inc, 2014) Babayigit, Cenk; Ozer, Burcin; Inandi, Tacettin; Ozer, Cahit; Duran, Nizami; Gocmen, OrhanBackground: Tuberculin skin test (TST) has been used for years as an aid in diagnosing latent tuberculosis infection (LTBI) but it suffers from a number of well-documented performance and logistic problems. Quantiferon-TB Gold In Tube test (QFT-GIT) has been reported to have better sensitivity and specifity than TST. In this study, it was aimed to compare the performance of a commercial IFN-gamma release assay (QFT-GIT) with TST in the diagnosis of HCWs at risk for latent TB infection in BCG vaccinated population. Material/Methods: Hundred healthy volunteer health care workers were enrolled. All were subjected to TST and QFT-GIT. Results were compared among Health Care Workers (HCWs) groups in terms of profession, workplace, working duration. Results: TST is affected by previous BCG vaccinations and number of cases with QFT-GIT positivity is increased in accordance with the TST induration diameter range. QFT-GIT result was negative in 17 of 32 TST positive (>= 15 mm) cases and positive in 4 of 61 cases whose TST diameters are between 6-14 mm, that is attritutable to previous BCG vaccination(s). It was negative in all cases with TST diameters between 0-5 mm. HCWs with positive QFT-GIT results were significantly older than the ones with negative results. Furthermore duration of work was significantly longer in QFT-GIT positive than in negative HCWs. Conclusions: There was a moderate concordance between QFT-GIT and TST, when TST result was defined as positive with a >= 15 mm diameter of induration. We suggest that QFT-GIT can be used as an alternative to TST for detection of LTBI, especially in groups with high risk of LTBI and in population with routine BCG vaccination program.
