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    PHYTOTOXICITY OF ABOVE - GROUND WEED RESIDUE AGAINST SOME CROPS AND WEEDS
    (Pakistan Botanical Soc, 2020) Mushtaq, Waseem; Mehdizade, Mohammad; Siddiqui, Mohammad Badruzzaman; Ozturk, Munir; Jabran, Khawar; Altay, Volkan
    Weed residues mixing with the soil after the death of weeds can inhibit growth and development of crop plants. A study was conducted to assess the allelopathic intrusion of Nicotiana plumbaginifolia above-ground residues on growth of selected crops (Pisum sativum, Cicer arietinum) and weeds (Cassia tora, C. sophera), nature of chemicals involved, role of nutrients and physico-chemical parameters. Growth responses of weeds and crops were analyzed for soil amended with different rates of Nicotiana residue (residue amended soil, RS) and residual extract (residue extract amended soil, RES). Likewise, the growth behaviour of test plants was also evaluated against extract of residue in hydroponics (residue extract, RE). Physiochemical screening of amended soils was conducted to look for concentration and bioavailability of essential nutrients. The soil amended with residues (RS and RES) showed inhibitory effect on test plants, however, residue extract (RE) had more inhibitory effects. The inhibition in growth (root length, shoot length and dry biomass) was concentration dependent and C. tora plants experienced the highest reduction among all test plants. A partial enrichment was observed in nutrient status and phenolic content as we increased the concentration of the soil amendment or the extract. This points out that growth inhibition occurred due to phenolic and not due to nutrient depletion. These findings indicate a role of putative phenolic allelochemicals forced allelopathic effects on C. arietinum, P. sativum, C. tora and C. sophera.
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    Weed management in potato
    (Elsevier, 2022) Jabran, Khawar; Ahmad, Taseer; Siddiqui, Ahmad Omid; Üremiş, İlhan; Doğan, Mehmet Nedim
    Potato is one of the most important staple foods in the world. Weeds are important among the several constraints that limit the potato production in different parts of the world. Weeds not only suppress plant growth but also reduce final yield and decrease quality of the potato products. Effective weed control is compulsory to achieve high yield and quality in potato production. This chapter covers important weeds that infest the potato fields and compete for nutrients and other resources and cause losses in both yield and quality. Further, the chapter also covers the degree of yield losses that occur due to weed infestation. The chapter also discusses the control methods (preventive, cultural, mechanical, chemical, and integrated weed management) that are most adopted and suitable for weed control in potato. © 2023 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.