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Öğe Değişik kanatlı kalplerinde valva atrioventricularis dextra ve sinistra’nın makro anatomisi(2010) Ateş, Sevinç; Atalgın, Şükrü Hakan; Kürtül, İbrahimBazı yabani kanatlı türleri ile evcil kanatlı türlerinde yapılan bu çalışma ile valva atrioventricularis dextra ve sinistra’nın karşılaştırmalı makro anatomisi ortaya konulmaya çalışılmıştır. Araştırmada 1 adet kerkenez, 1 adet balık kartalı, 1 adet leylek, 1 adet hindi, 2 adet balıkçıl, 2 adet denizli horozu, 2 adet sülün, 4 adet fizan, 14 adet bıldırcın ve 16 adet broyler olmak üzere toplam 44 adet kalp %10’luk formaldehit solusyonunda tespit edildi. İncelenen materyallerin tümünde valva atrioventricularis dextra’nın kassel bir yapıda olduğu ve ostium atrioventriculare dextrum’un parietal kenarı boyunca uzandığı gözlendi. Şeklinin ise Denizli horozu, fizan ve sülünde dikdörtgene, bıldırcında yamuğa, diğerlerinde ise üçgene benzediği belirlendi. Valva atrioventricularis dextra’nın conus’tan sulcus interventricularis subsinosus’a doğru genişliğinin arttığı tespit edildi. Kapağın serbest kenarının, parietal duvara tutunan bir kas uzantısı gönderdiği saptandı. Yalnız balık kartalı ve kerkenezde bu kas uzantısına rastlanmadı. Valva atrioventricularis dextra ile parietal duvar arasında uzanan ince chorda tendinea benzeri yapılar gözlendi. Ayrıca bazı kalplerde parietal duvardan başlayıp kapağın tabanına uzanan ince kas trabeküllerine rastlandı. Yoğun kas trabekülasyonunun gözlendiği sol ventrikülde musculus papillaris’lerin ve bu kaslardan çıkıp kapaklara tutunan chorda tendinea’ların varlığı tespit edildi. Musculus papillaris sayısının incelenen materyallerde 1 ile 3 adet arasında değiştiği belirlendi. Valva atrioventricularis sinistra’nın ostium atrioventriculare sinistrum’un kenarı boyunca kesintisiz olarak devam ettiği gözlendi. Sol atrioventriküler kapağın septal ve parietal olmak üzere 2 adet yapraktan oluştuğu ve bu yaprakların serbest kenarlarının girintili çıkıntılı olduğu saptandı. Sağ atrioventriküler kapaktan farklı olarak sol atrioventriküler kapağın kassel olmadığı, transparan bir görüntüye sahip olup memeli mitral kapağına benzediği gözlendi.Öğe A detailed evaluation of the skeletal elements of the skull in the grey heron ( Ardea cinerea )(2014) Atalgın, Şükrü Hakan; Büyükçopur Bozkurt, Emine Ümran; Kürtül, İbrahimThis study was designed to reveal, in detail, the features of the skull bones in the grey heron, a species of the family Ardeidae, and to compare the fndings with previous related literature reports and with Nomina Anatomica Avium . The articulation between the nasal and frontal bones was observed to be through the movable frontonasal joint. The upper beak fused with the neurocranium via this joint and with the palatine and vomer. It was also bound indirectly through the zygomatic bone articulating with the quadrate bone. The frontal bone possessed the frontal depression dorsally. Wideness of the frontal bone and supranasal pila seemed to be unique for the grey heron. The quadrate bone was observed to play a primary role in the beak action. No medial process was present in the mandible. Overall, the results hereby indicate that the wider jaw opening and sharp and pointed nature of the beaks in the grey heron enable it to feed on such creatures as fsh, frogs, and crustaceans.Öğe The lumbar dorsal rami of the wild pig : the intermediate branch(2014) Kürtül, İbrahim; Ateş, Sevinç; Özmen, Erdal; Takcı, Lutfi; Steinke, HannoThis study has documented the intermediate branch of the dorsal rami of the spinal nerves in the lumbar region of 4 adult wild pigs. The lumbar spinal nerves at the L1–L4 levels lef the vertebral canal through the intervertebral foramen. Upon the dissection of the 32 dorsal rami at these levels, 24 were displayed to construct 3 discrete branches while the remaining 8 were observed to form 2 typical branches. The dorsal rami were remarkably short, giving their branches in a fan-like spreading fashion. The lateral branches sent 2 to 3 smaller subbranches to the iliocostalis lumborum muscle, then became the cutaneous nerve. The medial branch innervated the medial component of the intertransversal and the multifdus muscles. The intermediate branch directed into the longissimus lumborum muscle, ramifying there and sending no cutaneous branches to the skin area. Four out of 8 dorsal rami dissected at L5 sent of the intermediate branch with roughly similar patterns and distributions to those seen at L1–L4. The dorsal branches at L6 were relatively longer, advanced dorsally, giving a constant branch, presumably the intermediate branch, to the caudal edge of the longissimus lumborum muscle. It then coursed upward through the subcutaneous fascia as the cutaneous nerve.Öğe Morphologic features of the interdigital sinus of the Tuj sheep(2010) Aslan, Kadir; Kürtül, İbrahim; Nazlı, Mümtaz; Ateş, SevinçThis research, for the first time, documented the interdigital sinuses and their glandular structures of the fore- and hindfeet of the 10 Tuj sheep (5 male and 5 female) at gross and subgross and light microscopic levels. They were noted in all feet as peculiar tubular invaginations in-between the proximal and middle interdigital joints. The shape of the interdigital sinus resembles that of the pipe, composing of a narrow and long neck and a blind sac. The vascularization was through the $3^{rd}$ and $4^{th}$ palmar and dorsal digital arteries at the forefeet, and the 3rd and 4th plantar digital arteries at the hindfeet. The sinus was encircled with a thick capsule connected to the skin and the neighbor tissues through the connective tissue. On transversal section, there were numerous tenuous hairs clearly seen grossly on the section surface. Parenchyma and stroma units were observed in the interdigital gland. There were also hair follicles, sebaceous and sweat glands, muscle tissue and lymph follicles in the layer of the connective tissue. In this study, the morphological features of the interdigital sinuses and the glands that they contain was the first reported in the Tuj sheep. They were active in all feet, were supplied by different digital arteries and thus, it was supposed that the glands were very active on secretion.Öğe Morphological observation of the rostral epidural rete mirabile (rete mirabile epidurale rostrale) in the saanen goat(2011) Atalgın, Şükrü Hakan; Kürtül, İbrahim; Ateş, SevinçThe rostral epidural rete mirabile in small ruminants is bilaterally located next to the hypophysis in the cranial cavity, lies in the cavernous sinus, and regulates arterial blood flow of the brain. In this study, structural peculiarity of the rostral epidural rete mirabile in the ten male mature Saanen goats (11 months old, approximately 42 kg in weight, with a known pedigree, and obtained from Bolu region) was examined by corrosion cast technique using Takilon. Dissections have demonstrated that general architecture of the rostral epidural rete mirabile in the Saanen goat agrees with that in other small ruminants. It is structured by the branches from the arteria maxillaris only. The triangular shaped right and left components (the right and left parts) anastomose, forming a rostrally V-shaped structure. This anastomose was not observed in one of the materials. Thus, gross views and diameters of the retial arteries were not markedly different on the left and right sides. The maxillary artery, the rostral and caudal rami, and the rostral epidural rete mirabile were visualized by the corrosion cast technique. The caudal epidural rete mirabile and the chiasmatic rete were observed to lack in the Saanen goat.Öğe The venous drainage of the heart in the Tuj sheep(2009) Aksoy, Gürsoy; Özmen, Erdal; Kürtül, İbrahim; Özcan, Sami; Karadağ, HüseyinThis research aimed at observing the veins of the hearts of 10 Tuj sheep by latex injection. The results documented that the veins draining the heart of Tuj sheep were the great and middle cardiac veins, the right cardiac veins, and the minute cardiac veins. The coronary sinus was determined to be the continuation of the left azygos vein, receiving the great and middle cardiac veins. The left marginal ventricular vein in one heart and the veins draining the left atrium in five hearts were observed to terminate in the coronary sinus. In one cadaver, venous blood of the left atrium was shown to be emptied both into the left azygos vein and the caudal vena cava. Moreover, the left distal ventricular vein was displayed to discharge the venous blood into the coronary sinus in five hearts and into the great cardiac vein in two hearts, yet was not present in three hearts. Venous blood of the left atrium near the aortic arch was displayed to empty into the cranial vena cava in two cadavers. There was another vein ending within the angle where the paraconal interventricular vein became the left circumflex vein, which reflected the angular vein present in the cat and horse. The right semicircumflex vein was seen to be constituted by the right marginal ventricular vein and the right proximal ventricular vein and the right conal vein. The right distal ventricular vein was determined to drain directly into the right atrium. There were also eminent anastomoses between the branches of the cardiac veins observed.
