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Öğe Antifungal effect of some essential oil combinations(2021) Türkmen, Musa; Kaya, Durmuş AlpaslanIn the present study, in vitro antifungal effect of the essentialoils was examined against soil-borne (Sclerotinia sclerotiorum)pathogens. Essential oils obtained from Foeniculum vulgareand Laurus nobilis plants, naturally growing in the Hatayprovince, Turkey. The volatile phase of essential oils atdifferent concentrations inhibited the mycelial growth in thedependent of dose. While the fungitoxic effect of essential oilswas determined as 7.50 µL in laurel essential oil, it wasdetermined as 5.0 µL in fennel essential oils. Laurel essentialoils exhibited fungicidal effect at 15 µL whereas. Fennelessential oils exhibited fungicidal effect at 7.50 µL. The twoessential oils were combinated by 3 different techniques(manually combinated oils; together distillation of oils; usingsolvent and combinated oils) and were applied against S.sclerotiorum disease agents. As a conclusion, the resultsexhibited that laurel and fennel obtained separately by manuallymixing with suitable combination of essential oils (MF%75L%25 ) showed fungicidal effect at 5.0 µL; laurel andfennel essential oil obtained by distilling the mixture (TF%75L%25 ) exhibited fungicidal effect at 3.75 µLconcentrations and laurel and fennel essential oils withappropriate combination and mixture with hexane (SF%75L%25) exhibited fungicidal effect at 3.75 µL.Antimicrobial activities revealed that the essential oils inappropriate combinations are more effective than their usingalone against fungal disease agents.Öğe Collagen-essential oil spongious matrices: Thermal and enzymatic stability(2012) Kaya, Durmuş Alpaslan; Albu, M?d?lina Georgiana; Vuluga, Zina; Cristian, NicolaeThe purpose of the present work was to develop and characterize some spongious matrices based on collagen and essential oils, uncross-linked and cross-linked with glutaraldehyde, obtained by lyophilization. The active components from the obtained matrices were thymbra, lavender and oregano essential oils. The components of studied essential oils were identified by GC-MS. The prepared sponges were analyzed by swelling ability, enzymatic degradation and thermal analyses. The results of this work indicated that the properties of collagen-essential oils depend on the composition of essential oils, the most stable matrix being the collagen-lavender oil one. This property allows its uses as long-term wound dressing in infected skin damages.Öğe Determination and antifungal activities of laurel and fennel essential oils against fungal disease agents of cypress seedlings(Namık Kemal Üniversitesi, 2020) Kara, Merve; Soylu, Soner; Türkmen, Musa; Kaya, Durmuş AlpaslanFusarium oxysporum and Pestalotiopsis funerea are the most common fungal disease agents of conifer seedlings causing root rot and shoot or tip blight diseases. In this study, chemical compositions and antifungal activities of essential oils of fennel (Foeniculum vulgare Mill.) and laurel (Laurus nobilis L.) were determined against root rot and wilt disease agents F. oxysporum and P. funerea in vitro conditions. Chemical compositions of essential oils were determined by using GC-MS analysis. Antifungal volatile phase effects of essential oils were determined on inhibition of mycelial growth in vitro conditions by using different concentrations. The effect of most effective concentrations of essential oils on the morphology of fungal hypha was also determined by using light microscope. GC-MS analysis of essential oils of laurel and fennel plants revealed that eucalyptol (52.88%) and α-terpinyl acetate (11.77%) were major components of laurel; trans-anethole (81.55%) and limonene (5.88%) were major components of fennel essential oils. Volatile phase effects of fennel and laurel essential oils were found to completely inhibit mycelial growth of F. oxysporum at 30.0 and 50.0 µl petri-1 concentrations, respectively. Complete growth inhibition of P. funerea by essential oil of fennel and laurel were observed at relatively lower concentrations (20.0 and 25.0 µl petri-1 concentrations, respectively). Light microscopic observations on hyphae, exposed to volatile phase of the most efficient concentrations of essential oil, revealed considerable structural deformations such as cytoplasmic coagulation, vacuolations and protoplast leakage. In conclusion, our results suggest that essential oils have the potential for use in control of fungal diseases of conifer plants.Öğe DETERMINATION OF ESSENTIAL OIL COMPONENTS OBTAINED FROM LEAVES AND AERIAL PARTS OF Ferulago(Inst. Nat. Cercetare-Dezvoltare Text. Pielarie, 2022) Kaya, Durmuş Alpaslan; Güzel, Yelda; Türkmen, MusaIn this study, the contents of essential oils obtained from the leaves and aerial parts of Ferulago syriaca were investigated by GC-MS. Ferulago syriaca used in the study was obtained from Hatay flora. 57 components of the essential oils obtained from the leaves of the plant were determined at a rate of 99.99%. When the essential oil components obtained from the aerial-parts were examined, 43 components were determined at a rate of 98.47%. When the essential oil components obtained from Ferulago syriaca leaves and aerial parts were examined, the main components were determined as Myrcene, durylaldehyde, ?-pinene, ?-phellandrene, ?-terpinolene, limonene, bornyl acetate, p-cymene in both parts of the plant. © 2022 Toate drepturile asupra acestei edi?ii sunt rezervate editorilor.Öğe Determination of yield and yield components in different sowing times of black seed (Nigella sativa l.) in hatay ecological conditions(Inst. Nat. Cercetare-Dezvoltare Text. Pielarie, 2020) Eren, Yilmaz; Kaya, Durmuş AlpaslanThis study was carried out in order to determine the yield and yield components of Nigella sativa L. grown in different cultivation periods in Hatay ecological conditions at Mustafa Kemal University, Faculty of Agriculture, Medical Plants trial area in 2018-2019. The experiment was laid out at spilt plot in randomized blocks with three replications. Trial; The parcels split in random blocks were carried out with 3 repetitions according to the trial pattern. In the trial, sowing was carried out on 15 November, 1 January, 15 February, 1 March, 15 March, 1 April, 15 April, 1 May and 15 May. In the study, some properties related to phenological, herbal properties, yield and yield components were examined during field trial and after harvest. As a result of the measurements taken, the plant height is 19.03-54.00 cm, the number of branches is 8.80-3.78 number/plant the number of plant capsules 3.73-20.67 number/plant, thousand grain weight is 3.04-2.10 g, seed yield is 3.65-51.81 kg.da-1, constant oil rate % was found between 22.47-32.07 values. Due to the increase of summer temperatures early in Hatay ecological conditions, the yield and yield factors of summer planting decreased in this period compared to winter planting. For this reason, November 1-15 is recommended as the most suitable sowing time for black seed in Hatay ecological conditions. © 2020 Toate drepturile asupra acestei edi?ii sunt rezervate editorilor.Öğe The effect of different drying temperatures on the essential oil content and chemical composition of Lavandula angustifolia Mill.(2024) Türkmen, Musa; Eren, Yılmaz; Maral, Hasan; Kaya, Durmuş AlpaslanDrying temperatures affect the content and composition of essential oils in plants containing essential oils due to the organs where essential oils are synthesized and stored. For this reason, many studies have been carried out to determine the appropriate drying temperature to obtain the highest amount and the best quality essential oil. In present study, it is aimed to determine the effects of different drying temperatures on essential oil content and components in lavender (Lavandula angustufolia Mill.). The samples dried at four different temperatures (35°C, 45°C, 55°C and 65°C) were isolated for 3 hours using Clevenger type apparatus and the obtained oils were analyzed by GC-MS. The essential oil contents obtained at 25°C, 35°C, 45°C, 55°C, and 65°C were 1.17%, 0.96%, 0.94%, 0.65%, and 0.18% respectively. It was determined that the major components of essential oils obtained at different drying temperatures were 1.8-cineole (17.88-50.15%), camphor (32.60-48.86) and borneol (3.46-9.45%). The highest 1,8-cineole ratio was found in samples dried at 55°C (50.15%) but the lowest in samples dried at 65°C (17.88%). The highest and lowest camphor ratios were determined in samples dried at 65°C (48.86%) and samples dried at 55°C (32.60%) recpectively. The highest (9.45%) borneol ratio was obtained in samples dried at 65°C, while the lowest (3.46%) ratio was obtained in samples dried at 55°C. The results obtained in the present study showed that Lavender essential oil content and composition were affected by drying temperatures and the optimum drying temperature was 35 oC.Öğe Effect of different essential oils on human dentine structure(Romanian Society for Pharmaceutical Sciences, 2017) Zgârian, Roxana Gabriela; Iacob, Filip; Kaya, Durmuş Alpaslan; R?u, Ileana; Voicu, Georgeta; Tihan, Gra?iela TeodoraThis paper revealed the effect of Oregano, Rosmarinus and Myrtus essential oils on the dentine structure stability for the improvement of collagen resistance against enzymatic activity. Several techniques were used: Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR), enzymatic degradation and Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM). Results showed that all studied oils acted as protective films on the dentine after digestion of collagenase, even if the Oregano or Myrtus essential oils caused a demineralization process at the beginning. The oil treated slabs presented a significant lower mass loss than the non-treated slab after the action of the collagenase. This fact indicates a beneficial impact of these essential oils on the stability of the dentine. © 2017, Romanian Society for Pharmaceutical Sciences. All rights reserved.Öğe Effect of essential oils on some pathogens that cause eczema(Inst. Nat. Cercetare-Dezvoltare Text. Pielarie, 2020) Karaçam, Meryem; Kaya, Durmuş AlpaslanIn this study, the antimicrobial activity of essential oils obtained from Thymbra spicata L., Lavandula angustifolia Mill. and Myrtus communis L. on the pathogens causing eczema Staphylococcus aureus (ATCC 29213), Staphylococcus epidermidis (ATCC 12228), Escheria coli (ATCC 25922), Acinetobacter baumannii (ATCC 43498), Pseudomonas aeruginosa (ATCC 27853) ve Candida albicans (ATCC 90028) were investigated. The MIC and MBC values of the essential oils used in the study against the pathogens causing eczema were determined. As a result of the results obtained, antimicrobial activity of plant essential oils used in the study on test microorganisms was determined. Among the essential oils, it was found that the most effective essential oil was thyme followed by the lavender. © 2020 Toate drepturile asupra acestei edi?ii sunt rezervate editorilor.Öğe The effect of laurel and thymbra essential oils on antioxidant and antimicrobial properties of collagen hydrolysate(2012) Kaya, Durmuş Alpaslan; Ferdes, Mariana; Badea, Nicoleta; Albu, Madalina GeorgianaThe aim of the present study was to determine the effect of essential oils on antioxidant and antimicrobial properties of collagen hydrolysate. The essential oils were obtained from Laurus nobilis L. (3,7%) and Thymbra spicata L. (4,1%) and they were characterized by GC-MS. Collagen hydrolysate obtained by biotechnological process was modified by essential oils and hydroalcoholic solutions with 0.25, 0.50, 1.0 and 2.0% thymbra and laurel oil were prepared. These hydroalcoholic solutions were characterized by antioxidant activity and antimicrobial activity against Escherichia coli. The antioxidant activity was more effective for the combination between hydrolysate and essential oils and increased with essential oils concentration increase. Based on its properties the hydroalcoholic solution with collagen hydrolysate and 2% thymbra oil proved the best antioxidant and antimicrobial activity in order to be use in medical, pharmaceutical, cosmetic, biotechnology and food industry. © 2012 University of Bucharest.Öğe Effects of nigella sativa l.’s essential oils on multi drug resistant escherichia coli isolates(Bulgarian Society for Microbiology (Union of Scientists in Bulgaria), 2018) Duran, Nizami; Ay, Emrah; Bayraktar, Suphi; Çolak, Sezin; Kaya, Durmuş AlpaslanEscherichia coli is one of the most important human pathogens and is a major cause of nosocomial infections. In this study, it was aimed to investigate the antimicrobial efficacy of Nigella sativa L. against multi drug-resistant E. coli isolates. This study was carried out on multi drug resistant E. coli isolates. In this study, seeds of Nigella sativa L. obtained from spice market were used as material.Multidrug resistant E. coli strains were identified by conventional methods. The antibacterial activity of Nigella sativa L.’s essential oils was performed by disk diffusion test. In addition, when needed, automated systems were used for rapid identification of microorganisms and susceptibility testing identification. The ESBL production of these strains was confirmed by double disc synergy test.In ESBL producing E.coli strains, the MIC range of ampicillin was 4-32 ?g/ml and the MIC range of cefuroxime was found to be 2-16 ?g/ ml. MIC values of ampicillin were range from 0.25 to 4 ?g/ml and MIC of levofloxacin range were 1 to 8 ?g/ml and MIC of cefuroxime range were found to be 0.25-4 ?g/ml. Following treatment with essential oils of Nigella sativa, resistance rates of GSBL producing E.coli strains against all these three antibiotics (ampicillin, levofloxacin and cefuroxime) have been found to decrease statistically significantly (p<0.05). Nigella sativa L.’s essential oils showed complete zone of inhibition of the standart E.coli strains (p<0.05). Besides this, in experiments with multi drug resistant E.coli isolates, it was found that the inhibition zones of Nigella-treated GSBL producing E.coli strains differed from non-treated strains. There was a statistically significant increasing in inhibition zones in drug E.coli isolates (p<0.01).The essential oils of Nigella sativa L. may contain promising antimicrobial components in the treatment of multi drug-resistant Ecoli isolates. This is very important for the discovery of new antimicrobial agents. More extensive clinical trials should be undertaken in this regard. © 2018, Bulgarian Society for Microbiology (Union of Scientists in Bulgaria). All rights reserved.Öğe Evaluation of the in vitro bioactivities of mahaleb cherry (Prunus mahaleb L.)(2012) Özçelik, Berrin; Koca, Ufuk; Kaya, Durmuş Alpaslan; Şekero?lu, NazimThe mahaleb cherry (Prunus mahaleb L.), a wild member of the Rosaceae family, is an important rootstock for cherry and sour cherry cultivars. Besides horticultural importance, all parts of the plant, specifically the seeds and fruits have been used to give flavor and taste to a variety of its cousins in Mediterranean countries for centuries. The seeds of mahaleb are an important industrial crop in Turkey; moreover, folkloric usage of the other parts of the plant has also been recorded. In the present study, methanol and n-hexane extracts from different parts of the mahaleb cherry including the flower, leaves, branches, fruits, fruit stalk, seeds and seed coat were screened for in-vitro antibacterial, antifungal and radical scavenging activity using the DPPH method. Standard strains of E. coli, P. aeruginosa, P. mirabilis, K. pneumoniae, A. baumannii, S. aureus, E. faecalis and B. subtilis with their pathogens from clinical isolates as well as fungi (C. albicans, C. parapsilosis, C. tropicalis and C. krusei) were used to determine the antimicrobial activity. All extracts showed antibacterial activity against gram-positive standard bacteria with concentrations between 16-64 ?g mL-1 and against gramnegative bacteria (8-64 ?g mL-1). Additionally, the extracts demonstrated antifungal activity at concentrations between 16-64 ?g mL-1. The minimal inhibition concentration (MIC) value of the extracts against all gram-positive and gram-negative isolated strains was 250 ?g mL-1 excluding B. subtilis (MIC: 64 ?g mL-1). As for antifungal activity, all methanol and n-hexane extracts were found to inhibit C. krusei, with a MIC value of 64 ?g mL-1, which is better than the control fluconazole (64 ?g mL-1). Methanol extracts of mahaleb had better antioxidant activity than all n-hexane extracts. The methanol extract of fruit samples (Mfr) displayed better antioxidant activity (86.25±0.12) than the reference BHA solution (83.633±0.22) at all concentrations except for 100 ?g mL-1. Antioxidant levels of methanol extracts from mahaleb seed kernel (Msk), leaves (Ml), branches (Mb) and fruit stalks followed the Mfr samples. The strong antimicrobial, antifungal and antioxidant activities of the mahaleb plant indicate that in the future, it may be important for clinical nutrition and the food and pharmaceutical industries. © 2012 University of Bucharest.Öğe Getting essential oil mixtures by different methods and determination of their compositions(2021) Türkmen, Musa; Kaya, Durmuş AlpaslanObjective: The aim of the study is to determine the enhancement of the essential oil potential and find a more effective method with fewer substances.Materials and Methods: For this purpose, Laurel and fennel essential oils obtained by the method of hydrodistillation in clevenger and their mixtures obtained by 2 different methods (Mix 1: separately obtained and mixed in appropriate proportions and Mix 2: obtained by placing together in the same glass flask) analyzed by Gc/Ms.Results: When the main components of the Mix-1 mixture are examined, the main components of R3/4D1/4, R1/2D1/2 and R1/4D3/4 combinations are trans-anethhole (54.53%, 32.47% and 17.46%, respectively) and 1.8- cineol (18.16%, 33.11% and 39.37%, respectively). In the second method (Mix-2), the main components of essential oils were examined. The main components of R3/4D1/4, R1/2D1/2 and R1/4D3/4 were trans-anethhol (64.83%, 46.23% and 24.93%, respectively) and 1,8-cineol (11.47%, respectively, respectively). 23.97% and 37.67%).Conclusion: As a result, it is clear that with essential oil blends, the components do not differ, while the proportions of the components do.Öğe Obtaining and characterization of some emulsions based on collagen hydrolysate and natural extracts with a potential anticellulitic action(Politechnica University of Bucharest, 2019) D?nil?, Elena; Stan, Raluca; Enache, Adelina Elena; Türkmen, Musa; Kaya, Durmuş Alpaslan; Kaya, M?d?lina Albu; Serafim, AndradaThe aim of this study was to formulate and evaluate O/W emulsions based on collagen and naturals ingredients such as vegetable oils and butters, caffeine, ivy extract and pink pepper essential oil. The essential oil of pink pepper was obtained by hydrodistilation and characterized by GC-MS. The main components of this essential oil are: ?-Phelandrene 35.84%, Limonene 17.31%, ?-Pinene 1.98% (monoterpenes) and ?-Phelandrene 13.04%, o-Cymene 4.65%, ?-Cadinene 3.27%, trans-Caryophyllene3.04%, Bicyclogermacrene 2.13% (sesquiterpenes). The emulsions obtained are stable and the pH values of emulsions correspond to the natural pH of the skin, indicating that emulsions can be safely applied to the skin. Results from the optical microscopy analysis show that emulsions have a creamy and foam "like” appearance. All the emulsions present adequate rheological properties. Further microbiological tests and other analysis are necessary for the obtained emulsions. © 2019, Politechnica University of Bucharest. All Rights Reserved.Öğe Oil glands number and oil glands diameters of thymbra spicata var. Spicata l. leaves(Inst. Nat. Cercetare-Dezvoltare Text. Pielarie, 2020) Kaya, Durmuş Alpaslan; Ayanoğlu, FilizIn the study, a genetic pool was created with plant samples taken from the locations where the Thymbra spicata var. spicata L. plant, which is culturally and economically important, grows densely in the province of Hatay. Plants were propagated with cuttings taken from these single plants. 213 plants were collected from 68 different locations for the genetic pool. The leaves of the plants in this gene pool were examined in terms of the number of essential oil glands per unit area and the diameter of the essential oil glands. The number of glands per unit area in plant leaves showed a wide variation and ranged from 5.61 to 56.04 pieces/mm². The diameters of the oil glands varied between 75.40-112.86 ?m and the average diameter was determined as 94.09 ?m. In the study, it was determined that some plants with low essential oil ratios such as Z144 and Z158 also have low oil glands number and oil glands diameter. It would be appropriate to evaluate these values obtained as preliminary knowledge together with future ontogenetic variability studies. © 2020 Toate drepturile asupra acestei edi?ii sunt rezervate editorilor.Öğe Polymer – flufenamic acid delivery systems for injured skin(2022) Marin, Maria Minodora; Ghıca, Mihaela Violeta; Kaya, Durmuş Alpaslan; Udeanu, Denisa Ioana; Kaya, Madalina Albu; Dinu-Pirvu, Cristina-Elena; Popa, LacramıoaraCollagen, the main protein of the body, is extracted in different forms and used as reservoir for drug delivery. The aim of this work was to obtain a drug delivery system based on collagen-dextran matrices cross-linked with glutaraldehyde as support and flufenamic acid and/or microcapsules with flufenamic acid as drug. The flufenamic acid was encapsulated in polymeric microcapsules consisting in gelatin, alginate, and sodium carboxymethyl cellulose. The morphology of matrices was determined by water absorption and contact angle. The biodegradation was performed in collagenase solution. In vitroflufenamic acid release profiles were built and the kinetic mechanism was set according to different mathematical models. The pharmacological studies followed the effect of collagen formulations treatment on the healing process of Wistar rats which were induced experimental wounds. The studied matrices proved that flufenamic acid delivery can be controlled, and the healing can be completed using the designed spongious matrices.Öğe The properties of two natural zeolites modified with oregano essential oil(2013) Kaya, Durmuş Alpaslan; Vuluga, Zina; Nicolae, Cristian Andi; Radovici, Constantin; Albu, M?d?lina GeorgianaThe aim of this study was to prepare zeolites modified with oregano essential oil and to establish their morphological and thermal properties as well as the release ability of essential oil from zeolites. The chemical composition of oregano oil was determined by GS-MS. The crystalline structure and chemical composition of two natural zeolites were performed by X-ray diffraction (XRD) and X-ray fluorescence (EDXRF). Both natural zeolites presented similar structure with clinoptilolite type. The thermal characteristics of oregano oil, zeolites and their combination were carried out by thermogravimetric analyses (TGA). The oregano oil was loaded in zeolite in order to improve its stability. It gradually evaporated so that the percentage of oil removed after 2h from zeolites was two times lower than itself evaporation. This property allows to the natural combination between zeolite and essential oil to be used as basic material in medical, pharmaceutical, cosmetic and food industry.Öğe The variation of essential oil and carvacrol contents of native grown thymbra spicata var. Spicata L.(Inst. Nat. Cercetare-Dezvoltare Text. Pielarie, 2020) Mavi, Kazim; Kaya, Durmuş Alpaslan; Türkmen, Musa; Ayanoğlu, FilizIn the study, it is aimed to create breeding lines of thyme (Thymbra spicata L.), which is important both culturally and economically, by selecting a single plant among the plants grown in different regions in Hatay. For this purpose, a genetic pool was created for Thymbra spicata L. plant in the plant samples taken from the locations where the plants are densely grown, and these plants were examined in terms of leaf characteristics, number of oil glands per unit area, oil gud size and essential oil components. Plants were propagated and preserved with cuttings taken from these single plants. In this study, which includes the pre-selection stage, 213 plants from 68 different locations were determined in the province of Hatay. The essential oil ratios of the plants varied between 0.70% and 3.90% and showed a wide variation. The rate of carvacrol, which is the main component of the essential oil of the thyme plant, was between 28.12% and 78.48%. Plants with code number Z14, Z3, Z25, Z38, Z77, Z104, Z35 and Z43 with an essential oil ratio of 3.5% and above and plants with code number Z167, Z165 and Z64 with a high carvacrol ratio were selected to be used in future breeding studies. © 2020 Toate drepturile asupra acestei edi?ii sunt rezervate editorilor.Öğe VARIATIONS IN ESSENTIAL OIL MAIN COMPONENTS OF NATIVE GROWN Salvia aramiensis RECH FIL. GENOTYPES DEPENDING ON YEARS(Inst. Nat. Cercetare-Dezvoltare Text. Pielarie, 2022) Türkmen, Musa; Kaya, Durmuş Alpaslan; Ayanoğlu, FilizThe essential oils and components of sage, which is mostly consumed as a tea and spice plant, have different uses in the field of medicine and cosmetics. The high camphor and thujone contained in many sage species limit the use of the plant as tea and spice in the food sector due to its toxic and carcinogenic effects. In such cases, which directly concern human health, new species and varieties containing low camphor and thujone should be introduced to the market, and the consumer should be provided with safe food. Studies in the Salvia aramiensis species revealed that the camphor rate in this plant is very low and there is no thujone. Antakya sage (Salvia aramiensis Rech. fil.,), which is only found in the flora of Hatay in Türkiye, is important for the herbal tea market due to its chemical content. For this reason, this study was carried out in seventy-nine genotypes growing naturally in different locations for two consecutive years, in order to reveal the variation of essential oil compositions of S. aramiensis genotypes. In general terms, it was determined that the ratio of essential oil components of genotypes did not change much over the years. In the study, first- and second-year cineole averages of the genotypes were found as 44.40% and 45.69%, camphor averages 12.74% and 12.58%, ?-pinene averages 4.70% and 5.07%, borneol averages 6.53% and 6.22%, respectively. © 2022 Toate drepturile asupra acestei edi?ii sunt rezervate editorilor.
