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    DETECTION OF FIG MOSAIC VIRUS IN VIRULIFEROUS ERIOPHYID MITE ACERIA FICUS
    (Springer, 2012) Caglayan, K.; Elci, E.; Serce, C. Ulubas; Kaya, K.; Gazel, M.; Medina, V.
    Fig leaves showing typical fig mosaic symptoms on cv. Bursa siyahi (donor plant) were cut under a stereo microscope into small pieces each hosting 10 putatively viruliferous eriophyid mites (Aceria ficus Cotte) and placed directly on the top leaves of healthy Cucumis sativus, Chenopodium quinoa. C. amaranticolor, Nicotiana occidentalis, Catharanthus roseus, Fraxinus excelsior plants, and fig seedlings. Donor and test plants were analyzed by electron microscopy, RT-PCR and sequencing, whereas the mites (ErMs) underwent molecular assays using Fig mosaic virus (FMV)-specific primers. Mite-infested leaves of fig seedlings and C. roseus showed small yellowish spots after 10 days and 6 weeks, respectively, whereas no symptoms were observed in other test or control plants for three months. Electron microscopy observations showed the occurrence of double membrane bodies (DMBs) in the palisade cells of donor and mite-inoculated fig plants, but not in C. roseus. However, 302 bp RT-PCR products specific to FMV were amplified from donor and inoculated figs, C. roseus and ErMs. Nucleotide identity with the sequence of the FMV isolate in GenBank (accession No. AM941711.6) was 87%, 89% and 87% for donor plant (JQ708183), inoculated fig seedlings (JQ708184) and C. roseus (JQ408437, JQ408438), respectively. The sequences obtained from ErMs (JQ408432, JQ408436) showed 87% and 88% nucleotide identity with the reference FMV isolate, respectively. When dsRNA extracts were analyzed to confirm virus presence in inoculated periwinkles, a complex dsRNA profile was obtained, suggestive of infection by a multipartite virus or by multiple viruses. Sequence from RT-PCR amplicons of dsRNA (JX040436) showed 88% identity with those the reference FMV isolate (AM941716.1) and the donor plant (JQ708183). According to these results, Madagascar periwinkle (C. roseus) can be retained as a new experimental host for FMV and A. ficus appears to be able to transmit FMV from fig to periwinkle plants.
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    Öğe
    Detection of fig mosaic virus in viruliferous eriophyid mite Aceria ficus
    (2012) Caglayan, K.; Elci, E.; Ulubas Serce, C.; Kaya, K.; Gazel, M.; Medina, V.
    Fig leaves showing typical fig mosaic symptoms on cv. Bursa siyahi{dotless} (donor plant) were cut under a stereo microscope into small pieces each hosting 10 putatively viruliferous eriophyid mites (Aceria ficus Cotte) and placed directly on the top leaves of healthy Cucumis sativus, Chenopodium quinoa. C. amaranticolor, Nicotiana occidentalis, Catharanthus roseus, Fraxinus excelsior plants, and fig seedlings. Donor and test plants were analyzed by electron microscopy, RT-PCR and sequencing, whereas the mites (ErMs) underwent molecular assays using Fig mosaic virus (FMV)-specific primers. Mite-infested leaves of fig seedlings and C. roseus showed small yellowish spots after 10 days and 6 weeks, respectively, whereas no symptoms were observed in other test or control plants for three months. Electron microscopy observations showed the occurrence of double membrane bodies (DMBs) in the palisade cells of donor and mite-inoculated fig plants, but not in C. roseus. However, 302 bp RT-PCR products specific to FMV were amplified from donor and inoculated figs, C. roseus and ErMs. Nucleotide identity with the sequence of the FMV isolate in GenBank (accession No. AM941711.6) was 87%, 89% and 87% for donor plant (JQ708183), inoculated fig seedlings (JQ708184) and C. roseus (JQ408437, JQ408438), respectively. The sequences obtained from ErMs (JQ408432, JQ408436) showed 87% and 88% nucleotide identity with the reference FMV isolate, respectively. When dsRNA extracts were analyzed to confirm virus presence in inoculated periwinkles, a complex dsRNA profile was obtained, suggestive of infection by a multipartite virus or by multiple viruses. Sequence from RT-PCR amplicons of dsRNA (JX040436) showed 88% identity with those the reference FMV isolate (AM941716.1) and the donor plant (JQ708183). According to these results, Madagascar periwinkle (C. roseus) can be retained as a new experimental host for FMV and A. ficus appears to be able to transmit FMV from fig to periwinkle plants.
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    Detection of pear decline disease in pear and quince in the eastern Mediterranean region of Turkey
    (Int Soc Horticultural Science, 2008) Sertkaya, G.; Sertkaya, E.; Kaya, K.
    Investigations were carried out to detect PD disease and its natural transmission in five pear and two quince orchards in Adana, Hatay and Mersin provinces in the eastern Mediterranean region of Turkey in 2003 and 2004. Symptomatic trees were visually inspected in pear orchards planted by cvs. Williams (Hunkar), Starkrimson and three local cultivars Akca, Ankara and Mustafa Bey, in quince orchards established by cvs. Ekmek and Limon from mid-May to mid-October. While symptomatic trees were exhibited different abnormalities as small, few and light-green leaves during the observation periods, and the leaves turned to dark-red colour in the late summer. Leaf and shoot samples were collected from randomly selected trees at the end of the August. A total of 92 pear and 12 quince samples were tested for the presence of phytoplasmas by nested-PCR assays. RFLP analyses of PCR products obtained with primer pair f01/r01 enabled identification of pytoplasma related to the disease. Seven out of the total pear samples including local cultivars were found to be infected with Ca. Phytoplasma pyri in the region. No infected quince samples were found by molecular assays. C. pyri L. (Homoptera, Psillidae) was collected from investigated pear orchards from August to September in both years. PCR-RFLP analyses were carried out on batches containing 10 psylla adults in 2004. Two out of the 7 insect samples were tested positive for the agent by PCR-RFLP analyses. Periwinkle (Catharanthus roseus) test plants exposed in the orchard in Adana in 2004 showed symptoms related to the disease by the rate of 3/75 and I out of these plants were found to be infected with Ca. Phytoplasma pyri. These results indicate that C. pyri could transmit the agent and natural transmission of PD disease has been in the region.
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    Evaluation of the susceptibility of different Prunus rootstocks to natural infection of plum pox virus-T
    (2013) Caglayan, K.; Serce, C.U.; Gazel, M.; Kaya, K.; Cengiz, F.C.; Vidal, E.; Cambra, M.
    Plum pox virus (PPV) has been observed in Turkey since 1968, but was not widespread except in apricot and plum trees in home gardens and ornamental parks in restricted areas. Susceptibility of six different Prunus rootstocks to strain PPV-T was assessed under natural inoculum pressure in the Izmir-Aegean region during 2010-2011. Aphid populations were monitored from the first week of April to the middle of June by the stickyplant method one year after the rootstock plantation was established. Aphids collected from different rootstocks were tested individually by squash real-time RT-PCR and all rootstocks were regularly tested by DASI-ELISA. The largest aphid populations were observed at the end of May and the most abundant aphid species as averages over the two years were Myzus persicae (20.15%), Hyalopterus pruni (18.64%), Aphis craccivora (9.04%) and Aphis gossypii (8.36%). In 2011, the highest percentage of viruliferous aphids was found in M. persicae (34.78%), followed by H. pruni (32.50%), Macrosiphum euphorbiae (25.00%), A. gossypii (23.80%), A. spiraecola (12.50%) and A. craccivora (10.00%). Of the six Prunus rootstocks tested, only Nemaguard and Myrobalan 29C were infected by PPV-T, infection rate in 2010 being 6.0% (Nemaguard) and 4.0% (Myrobalan 29C). The infection rate increased to 16.0% for Nemaguard and 14.0% for Myrobalan 29C in 2011. However, the other rootstocks, Prunus marianna GF8.1, Docera6, GF677 and Garnem tested negative for PPV-T throughout 2011. PPV isolates obtained from naturally infected apricot trees (inoculum source) and from infected rootstocks in the experimental plot were characterized as PPV-T and had more than 99.5% nucleotide sequence identity.
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    EVALUATION OF THE SUSCEPTIBILITY OF DIFFERENT PRUNUS ROOTSTOCKS TO NATURAL INFECTION OF PLUM POX VIRUS-T
    (Springer, 2013) Caglayan, K.; Serce, C. U.; Gazel, M.; Kaya, K.; Cengiz, F. C.; Vidal, E.; Cambra, M.
    Plum pox virus (PPV) has been observed in Turkey since 1968, but was not widespread except in apricot and plum trees in home gardens and ornamental parks in restricted areas. Susceptibility of six different Prunus rootstocks to strain PPV-T was assessed under natural inoculum pressure in the Izmir-Aegean region during 2010-2011. Aphid populations were monitored from the first week of April to the middle of June by the sticky-plant method one year after the rootstock plantation was established. Aphids collected from different rootstocks were tested individually by squash real-time RT-PCR and all rootstocks were regularly tested by DASI-ELISA. The largest aphid populations were observed at the end of May and the most abundant aphid species as averages over the two years were Myzus persicae (20.15%), Hyalopterus pruni (18.64%), Aphis craccivora (9.04%) and Aphis gossypii (8.36%). In 2011, the highest percentage of viruliferous aphids was found in M. persicae (34.78%), followed by H. pruni (32.50%), Macrosiphum euphorbiae (25.00%), A. gossypii (23.80%), A. spiraecola (12.50%) and A. craccivora (10.00%). Of the six Prunus rootstocks tested, only Nemaguard and Myrobalan 29C were infected by PPV-T, infection rate in 2010 being 6.0% (Nemaguard) and 4.0% (Myrobalan 29C). The infection rate increased to 16.0% for Nemaguard and 14.0% for Myrobalan 29C in 2011. However, the other rootstocks, Prunus marianna GF8.1, Docera6, GF677 and Garnem tested negative for PPV-T throughout 2011. PPV isolates obtained from naturally infected apricot trees (inoculum source) and from infected rootstocks in the experimental plot were characterized as PPV-T and had more than 99.5% nucleotide sequence identity.
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    TRANSMISSION OF THE FIG MOSAIC AGENT BY THE ERIOPHYD MITE ACERIA FICUS COTTE (ACARI: ERIOPHYIDAE)
    (Springer, 2009) Caglayan, K.; Medina, V.; Yigit, A.; Kaya, K.; Gazel, M.; Serce, C. U.; Caliskan, O.
    [Abstract Not Available]
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    Transmission of the fig mosaic agent by the eriophyd mite Aceria ficus cotte (Acari: Eriophyidae)
    (2009) Çaglayan, K.; Medina, V.; Yigit, A.; Kaya, K.; Gazel, M.; Serçe, Ç.U.; Çaliskan, O.
    [No abstract available]