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    Dark green colored seeds increase the seed vigor and germination ability in dry green pea (Pisum Sativum L.)
    (2008) Atak, Mehmet; Kaya, Mehmet Demir; Kaya, Gamze; Kaya, Muharrem; Khawar, Khalid Mahmood
    Three green-seeded dry pea genotypes cvs. 'Rondo', 'Carina' and 'Jof with each genotypes producing a mixture of light (L), medium (M) and dark (D) green seed at maturity were evaluated for their germination behavior and seedling growth for salinity tolerance. Electrical conductivities of NaCl solutions were 0.0, 5.0, 10.0, 15.0, or 20.0 dS m-1. The objective of this study was to determine the influence of green pea seed coat color from light to dark green on germination ability and seedling growth under varying salinity conditions. The results revealed that increased salinity levels generally resulted in decreased measurement of all the traits but mean germination time was increased with higher salinity levels. Of the three genotypes, cv. Carina had the highest germination percentage, shoot and root length, shoot fresh weight, root fresh weight, and the fastest mean germination time. Dark green colored seeds germinated faster than light ones. Additionally, the dark green colored seeds had the highest shoot and root length and fresh weight. The accelerated ageing (AA) and the electrical conductivity (EC) tests showed significant differences in seed vigor of cultivars and green color tones (p<0.01). The results of AA and EC tests confirmed that cv. Carina was superior to the others in terms of seed vigor. Additionally, the dark green seeds of the cultivars showed higher seed vigor than that of light and medium.. Our results suggest that cultivars with dark green colored seeds could be preferred on saline conditions due to their high seed vigor and seedling growth ability.
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    Öğe
    DARK GREEN COLORED SEEDS INCREASE THE SEED VIGOR AND GERMINATION ABILITY IN DRY GREEN PEA (PISUM SATIVUM L.)
    (Pakistan Botanical Soc, 2008) Atak, Mehmet; Kaya, Mehmet Demir; Kaya, Gamze; Kaya, Muharrem; Khawar, Khalid Mahmood
    Three green-seeded dry pea genotypes cvs. 'Rondo', 'Carina' and 'Jof' with each genotypes producing a mixture of light (L), medium (M) and dark (D) green seed at maturity were evaluated for their germination behavior and seedling growth for salinity tolerance. Electrical conductivities of NaCl solutions were 0.0, 5.0, 10.0, 15.0, or 20.0 dS m(-1). The objective of this study was to determine the influence of green pea seed coat color from light to dark green on germination ability and seedling growth under varying salinity conditions. The results revealed that increased salinity levels generally resulted in decreased measurement of all the traits but mean germination time was increased with higher salinity levels. Of the three genotypes, cv. Carina had the highest germination percentage, shoot and root length, shoot fresh weight, root fresh weight, and the fastest mean germination time. Dark green colored seeds germinated faster than light ones. Additionally, the dark green colored seeds had the highest shoot and root length and fresh weight. The accelerated ageing (AA) and the electrical conductivity (EC) tests showed significant differences in seed vigor of cultivars and green color tones (p < 0.01). The results of AA and EC tests confirmed that cv. Carina was superior to the others in terms of seed vigor. Additionally, the dark green seeds of the cultivars showed higher seed vigor than that of light and medium. Our results suggest that cultivars with dark green colored seeds could be preferred on saline conditions due to their high seed vigor and seedling growth ability.
  • Küçük Resim
    Öğe
    Effect of age on somatic embryogenesis from immature zygotic embryos of 5 Turkish triticale genotypes
    (Academic Journals, 2008) Atak, Mehmet; Kaya, Muharrem; Khawar, Khalid Mahmood; Saglam, Sevil; Oezcan, Sebahattin; Ciftci, Cemalettin Yasar
    Triticale is an important cereal crop grown throughout the world. The study reports somatic embryogenesis from immature zygotic embryos of 5 Turkish triticale genotypes. The explants were initially cultured on MS medium supplemented with 2 mg dm(-3) 2,4-D, 500 mg dm(-3) glutamine, 100 mg dm(-3) casein hydrolysate, 2% sucrose and 7% agar for two weeks in the dark. The temperature was maintained at 24 +/- 2 degrees C. Thereafter, the developing embryogenic calli were transferred to MS medium without 2,4-D to achieve embryogenesis under light intensity of 30 000 lux in 16 h light 8 h dark photoperiod at 24 +/- 2 degrees C for 2 weeks. The developing somatic embryos were then transferred to MS medium to mature them and obtain plantlets. The highest number of 9.63 somatic embryos per explant were recorded for genotype LAD388 from 14 - 16 days old explants. The experiment clearly established that 14 - 16 days old explants were superior compared to 17 - 19 days old explants in terms of number of somatic embryos per explant. The matured plantlets were acclimatised in the greenhouse on organic matter rich soil mix contained in pots.
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    EFFECT OF REDUCED AND INCREASED HERBICIDES DOSES ON WEED CONTROL STRATEGIES IN CHICKPEA (CICER ARIETINUM L.)
    (Parlar Scientific Publications (P S P), 2018) Kaya, Muharrem; Sener, Aykut; Karaman, Ruziye; Atak, Mehmet; Kan, Asuman
    This study was conducted to determine the effects of 50% reduced and 50% increased doses of some herbicides used in chickpea cultivation on seed yield and mineral content of the seed. Field experiments were established in Isparta province of Turkey during 2016-2017 plant growing season. Experiments were conducted to the completely randomized block design with 3 repetitions. Fourteen different weed control treatments were tested (control (T1), hoeing (T2) suggested doses and 50% reduced / increased doses of herbicides that contain active substances of linuron (T3-T5), aclonifen (T6-T8), pendimethalin (T9-T11) isoxaflutale + cyprosulfamide (T12-T14)), respectively. As plant material, drought and lodging tolerant ILC 195 chickpea cultivar seeds were used. Results showed that chlorophyll a, chlorophyll b content of green part of plants, phosphorus, potassium, calcium, iron, zinc, protein content of seeds, 100 seed weight and seed yield were significantly affected by the herbicides treatments. The highest positive effects on both the seed yield and the chemical composition of the seed were obtained at the dose of 125 ml/ha and 250 ml/ha of isoxaflutale + cyprosulfamide (240 g/l) and at 1500 ml/ha and 3000 ml/ha of pendimethalin herbicide treatments in chick pea cultivation.
  • Küçük Resim
    Öğe
    Interaction between seed size and NaCl on germination and early seedling growth of some Turkish cultivars of chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.)
    (Zhejiang Univ, 2008) Kaya, Muharrem; Kaya, Gamze; Kaya, Mehmet Demir; Atak, Mehmet; Saglam, Sevil; Khawar, Khalid Mahmood; Ciftci, Cemalettin Yasar
    Chickpea is an important food legume crop of Turkey and is largely grown for human consumption on low moisture or salt-affected soils. The objective of the study was to find the effects of NaCl stress at electrical conductivities of 4.5, 8.6, 12.7 and 16.3 dS/m and seed sizes (7, 8 and 9 mm) on germination and early seedling growth of three popular chickpea cultivars (AKN-97, Gokce and Uzunlu-99). Mean frequency of germination, germination time, germination index, root length, shoot length and seedling fresh weight showed seed size-dependent responses of cultivars to salt stress. In general, small seeds germinated and grew more rapidly compared to medium and large seeds of the same cultivars against all levels of salt stress, with the best results in cultivar Uzunlu-99. No effect of NaCl treatments was observed on frequency of germination; however, a drastic decrease in early seedling growth was recorded at increased NaCl concentrations. Regression analysis results showed a significantly positive relationship (P < 0.01) between seed size and mean germination time, whereas a significantly negative relationship was recorded between seed size and germination index, root length, shoot length. Moreover, linear regression values apparently confirmed that increased seed size in each cultivar affected decreased germination index, root and shoot lengths with enhanced mean germination time. Thus, it was concluded that the use of small seeds could considerably reduce the production costs of chickpea in salt-affected soils.