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Öğe Combined use of low-dose bupivacaine, colloid preload and wrapping of the legs for preventing hypotension in spinal anaesthesia for caesarean section(Cambridge Med Publ, 2007) Kaya, S.; Karaman, H.; Erdogan, H.; Akyilmaz, A.; Turhanoglu, S.We tested the hypothesis that using a combination of methods would result in a greater reduction in the incidence of hypotension due to spinal anaesthesia in caesarean sections compared with using each method on its own. A total of 120 patients were randomly allocated to the following four treatment groups: 10 mg bupivacaine 0.5% intrathecally plus 500 ml Ringer lactate solution (group B); 4 mg bupivacaine 0.5% plus 25 mu g fentanyl plus 500 ml Ringer lactate solution (group F); 4 mg bupivacaine 0.5% plus 25 mu g fentanyl intrathecally plus 500 ml Gelofusine (R) intravenously (group G); and 4 mg bupivacaine 0.5% plus 25 mu g fentanyl intrathecally plus 500 ml Gelofusine (R) intravenously plus tight wrapping of the lower extremities with an Esmarch bandage (group E). The Esmarch bandage was only loosely applied in groups B, F and G. Hypotension was detected in 100% of the patients in group B compared with 70.0%, 46.7% and 23.3% of those in groups F, G and E, respectively. Hypotension was thus reduced by using a combination of several methods.Öğe Effectiveness and safety of direct-acting antiviral therapies in chronic hepatitis C infections patients with cirrhosis in Turkey(Elsevier Science Bv, 2018) Tabak, F.; Cuvalci, N. O.; Kurtaran, B.; Onlen, Y.; Sari, N. D.; Kaya, S.; Ince, N.[Abstract Not Available]Öğe Effects of feed refreshing frequency on growth and carcass characteristics of Awassi lambs(South African Journal Of Animal Sciences, 2007) Keskin, M.; Gul, S.; Sahin, A.; Kaya, S.; Duru, M.; Gorgulu, O.; Sahinler, S.Sixty, two-month old male Awassi lambs were used in this study to investigate the effects of feed refreshing (FR) frequencies on their growth and carcass characteristics over a period of 65 days, Treatments were: Feed refreshing at 2 h (FR2), 4 h (FR4), 8 h (FR8), 12 h (FR12) and 24 h (FR24) intervals. The lambs were fed individually, At the onset of each refreshing period the lambs were offered fresh feed ad libitum. Daily feed intakes, weekly live weights and carcass characteristics were recorded. Daily feed intakes per lamb per treatment were; 1.13 kg, 1.05 kg, 1.00 kg, 0.98 kg and 0.95 kg; daily gains were 193.6 g, 180.6 g, 148,6 g, 169.3 g and 146.4 g; feed conversion ratios (kg feed/kg gain) were 6.1, 6.7, 7.2, 7.2 and 7.5; hot carcass weights were 13.0 kg, 13.1 kg, 12.1 kg, 13.3 kg and 13.1 kg; dressing percentages were 42.3%, 42.4%, 39.9%, 40.2% and 41.2%; the proportion of muscle in the carcass was 52.0%, 55.2%, 55.6%, 55.8% and 54.8%; bone ratio was 20.4%, 20.3%, 21.9%, 21.1% and 20.9%; subcutaneous fat ratio was 16.9%, 14.2%, 12.9%, 12.7% and 14.0% and intramuscular fat ratio was 8.8%, 7.1%, 6.8%, 8.7% and 7.7% in FR2, FR4, FR8, FR12 and FR24 treatments, respectively. Results showed that frequent feed refreshing stimulated feed intake and daily gain without affecting carcass characteristics.Öğe NEW MULTIVARIATE EMPIRICAL PREDICTION EQUATION FOR RELATIVE FEED VALUE OF NATIVE GRASSES(Aloki Applied Ecological Research And Forensic Inst Ltd, 2020) Celiktas, N.; Can, E.; Kaya, S.; Atis, I; Hatipoglu, R.; Ertekin, IRelative feed value and structural mineral differentiation of native grasses and their relationships at different plant growth stages were studied to create a more informative multivariate model to predict relative feed value. The hierarchical clustering grouped the species and their growth stages under six distinct categories with their average relative feed values of 122.6, 108.6, 99.6, 90.3, 80.9 and 71.5. The principal component analyses for the relative feed value and the mineral composition of native grasses was efficient to classify the forages with the total explained variation of 63.69% with the first two principal components. The most important predictors for relative feed value were determined as nitrogen and potassium contents of the native grasses according to beta coefficients from the partial least square regression analyses. Three partial least square regression based new empirical equations for predicting the relative feed value were constructed by using the forage nitrogen content. The coefficients of determination (R-2) and the root mean square error of prediction (RMSEP) for the equations were 0.92, 0.35, 0.81 and 2.17, 11.29, 5.88, respectively. The Fisher's F test manifested that the actual and the predicted relative feed values were not different (P>0.05) for all three equations.
