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    Protective effects of hesperetin on lipopolysaccharide-induced acute lung injury in a rat model
    (Baycinar Medical Publ-Baycinar Tibbi Yayincilik, 2020) Kaya, Serkan; Kaya, Sinem Albayrak; Polat, Elif; Erboga, Zeynep Fidanol; Duran, Yasin; Polat, Fatin Rustu; Okuyan, Hamza Malik
    Background: In this experimental study, we aimed to investigate the effects of hesperetin. a natural flavonoid, on a lipopolysaccharide-induced acute lung injury model in rats. Methods: Between March 2019 and May 2019, a total of 18 adult male Wistar albino rats, weighing approximately 250 to 300 g, were randomly divided into three groups as control, lipopolysaccharide, and lipopolysaccharide + hesperetin groups (n=6 in each group). The wetidry weight ratio of lung tissue was determined. Histopathological changes were examined using light and scanning electron microscopy. Pulmonary nuclear factor-kappa beta, inducible nitric oxide synthase, and alpha-smooth muscle antigen activity were determined with indirect immunohistochemical methods. Pulmonary apoptosis was detected with the terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase dUTP nick-end labeling method. Tumor necrosis factor-alpha. interleukin-1 beta, interleukin-6, and interleukin-10 concentrations were measured with enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Results: Treatment with hesperetin significantly improved the architecture of lung tissue and reduced the wet/dry weight ratio, nuclear factor-kappa beta, inducible nitric oxide synthase, and alphasmooth muscle antigen expression, pulmonary apoptosis, and levels of proinflammatory cytokines. Conclusion: Our study results suggest that hesperetin has a potent protective effect against lipopolysaccharide-induced acute lung injury in rats via suppression of the proinflammatory cytokine cascade, nuclear factor-kappa beta. signaling pathway activation, and apoptosis.