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    45S5 Bioactive Glass-Ointment Positively Effects on Wound Healing in Rats by Regulating TNF?, Il-10, VEGF, and TGF?
    (Wiley, 2024) Kirgiz, Omer; Altug, Muhammed Enes; Ozkan, Huseyin; Han, Mehmet Cengiz; Akcakavak, Goekhan; Ozarslan, Ali Can; Yucel, Sevil
    AimThis study aimed to investigate the effects of 45S5 bioactive glass-ointment (BG) on cutaneous wound healing in rats at the molecular, biochemical, and histopathological levels.Materials and MethodsThirty-two rats were divided into four groups (n = 8): Control, Sham, BG, and DEX (Dexpanthenol). While no wound treatment was applied to the CONTROL, a wound model was created in the Sham, and no treatment was applied. A wound model was created for other groups, and BG and DEX were applied locally for 21 days. During the 21-day experiment period, feed and water consumption and weight changes were observed. Wound areas were calculated on days 0, 3, 7, 4, and 21. Following treatment, the rats were euthanized and tissues from the wound area and blood samples were collected. While the expression levels of tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF alpha), Interleukin 6 (IL6), Interleukin 10 (IL10), transforming growth factor-beta (TGF beta), and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) genes were determined by qPCR, the levels of TNF alpha, IL6, and IL10 proteins were measured by ELISA.ResultsIt was observed that the BG group showed anti-inflammatory activity by suppressing TNF alpha levels and stimulating IL-10. In addition, it was determined that BG increased fibroblast activity and vascularization.ConclusionCurrent findings showed that topical application of BG has anti-inflammatory effects, while also accelerating healing by increasing vascularity and making positive contributions to tissue healing. This study investigates the effects of topical application of 45S5 bioactive glass-ointment (BG) on wound healing in rats at the molecular and histopathological levels. The findings demonstrate that BG exhibits anti-inflammatory activity, enhances vascularization, accelerates healing, and contributes positively to tissue repair.image
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    Eucalyptol regulates Nrf2 and NF-kB signaling and alleviates gentamicin-induced kidney injury in rats by downregulating oxidative stress, oxidative DNA damage, inflammation, and apoptosis
    (Taylor & Francis Ltd, 2024) Akcakavak, Gokhan; Kazak, Filiz; Karatas, Ozhan; Alakus, Halil; Alakus, Ibrahim; Kirgiz, Omer; Celik, Zeynep
    Gentamicin, an aminoglycoside antibiotic, is nowadays widely used in the treatment of gram-negative microorganisms. The antimicrobial, anti-inflammatory, and antioxidant activities of eucalyptol, a type of saturated monoterpene, have been reported in many studies. The aim of this study was to examine the possible effects of eucalyptol on gentamicin-induced renal toxicity. A total of 32 rats were divided into 4 groups; Control (C), Eucalyptol (EUC), Gentamicin (GEN), and Gentamicin + Eucalyptol (GEN + EUC). In order to induce renal toxicity, 100 mg/kg gentamicin was administered intraperitoneally (i.p.) for 10 consecutive days in the GEN and GEN + EUC groups. EUC and GEN + EUC groups were given 100 mg/kg orally of eucalyptol for 10 consecutive days. Afterwards, rats were euthanized and samples were taken and subjected to histopathological, biochemical, immunohistochemical, and real-time PCR examinations. The blood urea nitrogen (BUN) and creatinine (CRE) levels were significantly decreased in the GEN + EUC group (0.76 and 0.69-fold, respectively) compared to the GEN group. The glutathione peroxidase (GPx) and catalase (CAT) activities were significantly increased in the GEN + EUC group (1.35 and 2.67-fold, respectively) compared to the GEN group. In GEN group, Nuclear factor kappa B (NF-kB), Interleukin 1-beta (IL-1 beta), Inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS), Tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha), Caspase-3, 8-Hydroxy-2 '-deoxyguanosine (8-OHdG) and Nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor (Nrf2) expression levels were found to be quite irregular. GEN + EUC group decreased the expressions of NF-kB, IL-1 beta, iNOS, TNF-alpha, Caspase-3, and 8-OHdG (0.55, 0.67, 0.54, 0.54, 0.63 and 0.67 fold, respectively), while it caused increased expression of Nrf2 (3.1 fold). In addition, eucalyptol treatment ameliorated the histopathological changes that occurred with gentamicin. The results of our study show that eucalyptol has anti-inflammatory, antioxidative, antiapoptotic, nephroprotective, and curative effects on gentamicin-induced nephrotoxicity.
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    Proanthocyanidin alleviates testicular torsion/detorsion-induced ischemia/ reperfusion injury in rats
    (Churchill Livingstone, 2024) Kazak, Filiz; Akcakavak, Gokhan; Alakus, Ibrahim; Alakus, Halil; Kirgiz, Omer; Karatas, Ozhan; Deveci, Mehmet Zeki Yilmaz
    Testicular torsion is an urological emergency and can lead to ischemia damage and testicular loss if not diagnosed in time. Proanthocyanidin is reported to have anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties. The current study aimed to examine the possible effects of proanthocyanidin (P) on the testis in torsion/detorsion (T/D)induced testicular ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) injury in rats. Forty rats were divided into four groups (n=10 for each): sham-operated (sham), I/R, I/R + P100 (100 mg/kg, 30 min before torsion), and I/R + P200 (200 mg/kg, 30 min before torsion). Testicular T/D was performed on the left testicle by 3 hours of torsion at 720 degrees clockwise, followed by 3 hours of detorsion. In the I/R group, an increase in malondialdehyde (MDA) levels and a decrease in glutathione (GSH), vitamin C (Vit C), glutathione peroxidase (GPx), glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PD) values were determined compared to the sham group (p <0.001). Moreover, an increase in the expression of cleaved caspase-3 and Bcl2-associated X protein (Bax), a decrease in the expression of B-cell lymphoma 2 (Bcl2) and proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA) were detected in the I/R group (p <0.001). Histopathologically, it was determined that the Johnsen and Cosentino scores of the testicles were irregular in the I/R group (p <0.001). Proanthocyanidin treatment caused a decrease in MDA, cleaved caspase-3 and Bax levels and an increase in GSH, Vit C, GPx, G6PD, Bcl-2 and PCNA values. Additionally, Johnsen and Cosentino rearranged the scores. The present findings revealed the protective and curative effects of proanthocyanidin in organ damage due to testicular torsion/detorsion-induced ischemia/reperfusion with their antioxidative and antiapoptotic properties.
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    Sacroiliac luxations in cats: Surgery or conservative treatment?
    (Univ Zulia, Facultad Ciencias Veterinarias, 2022) Yurtal, Ziya; Altug, Muhammed Enes; Isler, Cafer Tayer; Deveci, Mehmet Zeki Yilmaz; Alakus, Ibrahim; Kirgiz, Omer; Alakus, Halil
    Sacroiliac luxations constitute an important part of hip fractures. In the treatment phase, a choice should be made between surgical and conservative treatment. Which treatment option will yield more effective results depends on many variable factors. In the present study, some of these factors were mentioned and their effects on treatment and outcomes were evaluated. A total of 61 cats, 26 female and 35 male, of various breeds and ages, were included in the study. The mean age of the cats included in the study was 16 months. The mean weight of the cats was 2.87 kg. Cases were categorized as ages, <= 6, 7-12, and >= 13 months of age. In addition, the success criteria of etiological causes, luxation type, and concomitant traumas on decision and outcomes were evaluated. Conservative treatment was preferred more in all age groups and success rates were higher than those of surgery. Conservative treatment was preferred in both genders, and the recovery rate was higher in males than that in females. Regardless of the cause of the trauma, more conservative treatment was preferred, and the rate of good recovery was higher in high-rise falls. Even if there was traumatic injury in addition to sacroiliac luxation, conservative treatment was preferred and the rate of good recovery was higher in cases without concomitant traumatic injury. As a result; age, gender, luxation type and concomitant traumatic injury were not statistically significant on treatment choice. However, good recovery was statistically significant in cases without concomitant traumatic injury.