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    Amotivational syndrome: less known and diagnosed as a clinical
    (Yerkure Tanitim & Yayincilik Hizmetleri A S, 2015) Ari, Mustafa; Sahpolat, Musa; Kokacya, M. Hanifi; Copoglu, U. Sertan
    Amotivational syndrome (AS) is a disorder that includes apathy, callousness and antisocial behavior in chronic cannabis users. Some of these effects may generally be seen in other central nervous system depressants as well. Therefore, to make these effects specific for this syndrome is still debated. AS is usually seen among men during puberty. In different studies, the incidence of AS in regular cannabis users has been reported as between 16 to 21%. Although the causes accused in pathophysiology is still controversial, cannabis is the most commonly accused factor in the etiology. In neurobiology of the disease, noradrenergic and dopaminergic systems containing changes in limbic road have been blamed. The diagnosis is based on subjective complaints, and scored by clinical signs and Apathy Evaluation Scale (AES). There are very few experimental data available in treatment of AS, and clinical experience is very limited. By PubMed searching the keywords of 'amotivational syndrome, cannabis and amotivational syndrome, cannabis and motivation' from 1960 to December 2013, the published studies examining the relationship between marijuana and AS have been reviewed. We have reached 536 articles, of which 76 include direct relationship with AS, by the end of this search. Non-English articles were excluded from the study.
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    DNA Methylation of BDNF Gene in Schizophrenia
    (Int Scientific Information, Inc, 2016) Copoglu, Umit Sertan; Igci, Mehri; Bozgeyik, Esra; Kokacya, M. Hanifi; Igci, Yusuf Ziya; Dokuyucu, Recep; Ari, Mustafa
    Background: Although genetic factors are risk factors for schizophrenia, some environmental factors are thought to be required for the manifestation of disease. Epigenetic mechanisms regulate gene functions without causing a change in the nucleotide sequence of DNA. Brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) is a neurotrophin that regulates synaptic transmission and plasticity. It has been suggested that BDNF may play a role in the pathophysiology of schizophrenia. It is established that methylation status of the BDNF gene is associated with fear learning, memory, and stressful social interactions. In this study, we aimed to investigate the DNA methylation status of BDNF gene in patients with schizophrenia. Material/Methods: The study included 49 patients (33 male and 16 female) with schizophrenia and 65 unrelated healthy controls (46 male and 19 female). Determination of methylation pattern of CpG islands was based on the principle that bisulfite treatment of DNA results in conversion of unmethylated cytosine residues into uracil, whereas methylated cytosine residues remain unmodified. Methylation-specific PCR was performed with primers specific for either methylated or unmethylated DNA. Results: There was no significant difference in methylated or un-methylated status for BDNF promoters between schizophrenia patients and controls. The mean duration of illness was significantly lower in the hemi-methylated group compared to the non-methylated group for BDNF gene CpG island-1 in schizophrenia patients. Conclusions: Although there were no differences in BDNF gene methylation status between schizophrenia patients and healthy controls, there was an association between duration of illness and DNA methylation.
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    Increased oxidative stress and oxidative DNA damage in non-remission schizophrenia patients
    (Elsevier Ireland Ltd, 2015) Copoglu, U. Sertan; Virit, Osman; Kokacya, M. Hanifi; Orkmez, Mustafa; Bulbul, Feridun; Erbagci, A. Binnur; Semiz, Murat
    Increasing evidence shows that oxidative stress plays a role in the pathophysiology of schizophrenia. But there is not any study which examines the effects of oxidative stress on DNA in schizophrenia patients. Therefore we aimed to assess the oxidative stress levels and oxidative DNA damage in schizophrenia patients with and without symptomatic remission. A total of 64 schizophrenia patients (38 with symptomatic remission and 26 without symptomatic remission) and 80 healthy volunteers were included in the study. 8-hydroxydeoxyguanosine (8-OHdG), total oxidant status (TOS) and total antioxidant status (TAS) were measured in plasma. TOS, oxidative stress index (OSI) and 8-OHdG levels were significantly higher in non-remission schizophrenic (Non-R-Sch) patients than in the controls. TOS and OSI levels were significantly higher in remission schizophrenic (R-Sch) patients than in the controls. TAS level were significantly lower and TOS and OSI levels were significantly higher in R-Sch patients than in Non-R-Sch patients. Despite the ongoing oxidative stress in patients with both R-Sch and Non-R-Sch, oxidative DNA damage was higher in only Non-R-Sch patients compared to controls. It is suggested that oxidative stress can cause the disease via DNA damage, and oxidative stress plays a role in schizophrenia through oxidative DNA damage. (C) 2015 Elsevier Ireland Ltd. All rights reserved.
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    Methylphenidate induced first manic episode in adolescents: two cases
    (Cukurova Univ, Fac Medicine, 2020) Kokacya, M. Hanifi; Turan, Ahmethan
    [Abstract Not Available]
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    Periodontal conditions and association of periodontitis with oral-health-related quality of life in patients experiencing different episodes of bipolar disorder compared with healthy controls
    (Wiley, 2024) Sari, Aysegul; Kokacya, M. Hanifi; Ide, Mark
    Aim: The aim of the present cross-sectional study was to evaluate periodontal conditions and the association of periodontitis with oral-health-related quality of life (OHRQoL) in patients with a history of bipolar disorder.Materials and Methods: A total of 160 participants were recruited in four groups for the study: 40 patients with euthymic episodes, 40 patients with depression, 40 patients with manic episodes and 40 systemically healthy individuals. Clinical periodontal parameters were recorded. Oral Health Impact Profile (OHIP-14) was used to measure the impact of oral health on the quality of life.Results: Bipolar disorder groups exhibited generally higher clinical parameters compared with the control group (p < .05). OHIP-14 total score (beta = 3.32, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.08-6.56, p = .044), functional limitation (beta = .89, 95% CI: 0.27-1.49, p = .005) and physical pain (beta = .64, 95% CI: 0.01-1.27, p = .046) were associated with bipolar depression episodes. Psychological discomfort was associated with the presence of generalized periodontitis (beta = .76, 95% CI: 0.01-1.51, p = .047) and psychological disability was associated with the presence of stage III-IV (beta = .83, 95% CI: 0.07-1.59, p = .033) and generalized (beta = .75, 95% CI: 0.07-1.42, p = .029) periodontitis.Conclusions: According to this study, a history of bipolar disorder episodes (exposure) may be associated with increased prevalence and severity of periodontitis and related reported OHRQoL impacts (outcomes). Bipolar depression episodes had a higher impact on OHRQoL than other bipolar episodes.