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Öğe Are HoLEP Surgical Videos on YouTube Biased and Misleading or Are They Leading the Industry?(Galenos Yayincilik, 2022) Koras, Omer; Gokalp, Fatih; Yildirak, Ekrem; Sigva, Hakan; Tamkac, Nezih; Porgali, Sefa Burak; Kulak, BilalObjective: In this study, we aimed to evaluate the content and quality of the most relevant YouTube videos related to holmium laser enucleation of the prostate (HoLEP) surgery. Materials and Methods: The keywords HOLEP, laser enucleation and prostate enucleation were used to perform a search on YouTube. NonEnglish language videos, videos with less than 4-minute duration, and repetitive videos were excluded. The reactions of the viewers to the videos were evaluated by recording the total views, views/month and likes and dislikes parameters. The data were divided into two groups based on the source of upload: Group 1 consisted of healthcare providers and group 2 comprised of commercial companies and for-profit organizations. Results: A total of 117 videos were included in the study. A significant portion of the videos (77.7%) had been uploaded by healthcare providers. There was no statistically significant difference between the uploading groups in terms of the DISCERN and the Global Quality score, scores (p=0.484 and p=0.108, respectively). However, Patient Education Materials Assessment Tool for Audiovisual Materials understandability and actionability scores were statistically significantly higher in group 2 (p=0.004 and p=0.022, respectively). In addition, when the misinformation scale was evaluated, there were significantly more videos with high-degree misinformation in group 2 (5.5% vs 33.3%, p=0.001). Conclusion: On video sharing platforms, such as YouTube, the number of reliable videos with accurate and appropriate guidance about diseases and treatments should be increased, and these videos should be allowed to be posted after they have been approved by relevant institutions, including healthcare associations and universities.Öğe Bariatric surgery has positive effects on patients' and their partners' sexual function: A prospective study(Wiley, 2021) Gokalp, Fatih; Koras, Omer; Ugur, Mustafa; Yildirak, Ekrem; Sigva, Hakan; Porgali, Sefa B.; Tamkac, NezihBackground Obesity has been associated with severe conditions and sexual dysfunction. Bariatric surgery has effects positively patients' sexual function. Objectives To assess the effect of bariatric surgery on sexual functions of couples. Materials and Methods The study included 57 obese patients and their sexually active partners. Male participations were assessed with the International Index of Erectile Function (IIEF) and Male Sexual Health Questionaries (MSHQ-4), and female participations were assessed with the Female Sexual Function Index (FSFI). Results There were 31 (54.4%) male patients and 26 (45.6%) female patients in the study. The median IIEF score of the male patients statistically increased postoperatively (p < 0.001). The IIEF subgroup areas were found to have increased after surgery. The median FSFI score of the female patients statistically increased postoperatively (p < 0.001). The median FSFI of male patients' partners significantly increased postoperatively (p < 0.001). All FSFI domains were statistically significantly increased (p < 0.001, all areas). The median IIEF value of the postoperative partners of the female patients also increased statistically significant (p < 0.001). In addition, the increases in the IIEF's subdomains in terms of sexual desire (p < 0.001), intercourse satisfaction (p < 0.001), and general satisfaction (p < 0.001) were statistically significant. Conclusion The sexual functions of both males and females and also their' partners were improved after bariatric surgery. Patients with preoperative poor sexual function achieve significant benefits over patients without sexual dysfunction.Öğe Comparison of Guy's, STONE and CROES Scoring Systems for Predicting Percutaneous Nephrolithotomy Outcomes in Eldery Patients(Coll Physicians & Surgeons Pakistan, 2021) Polat, Salih; Yarimoglu, Serkan; Koras, Omer; Sahan, Murat; Sefik, Ertugrul; Bozkurt, Ibrahim Halil; Degirmenci, TansuObjective: To evaluate the efficacy and reliability of Guy's (GSS), S.T.O.N.E., and CROES scoring systems developed to predict percutaneous nephrolithotomy (PCNL) outcomes in aged patients. Study Design: Descriptive study. Place and Duration of Study: Department of Urology, Ministry of Health University Izmir Bozyaka Training and Research Hospital and Department of Urology, Faculty of Medicine, Amasya University, Turkey, from April 2011 to January 2020. Methodology: Patients aged 65 years and over, who underwent PCNL for kidney stones, were retrospectively analysed. The patients' clinical and perioperative characteristics and the radiological features of the stones were obtained from the prospectively recorded data. GSS, S.T.O.N.E. and CROES nephrolithometry scores were calculated for each patient and their relation with stone-free status, complications, and perioperative findings were analysed. Results: A total of 147 patients were included in the study. Stone-free status was achieved in 76.0% of the patients, and complications developed in 27.2%. All three scoring systems were associated with stone-free status and complication development. GSS (OR=0.213,p=0.005) and S.T.O. N.E. (OR=0.601, p=0.042) scores were detected as independent markers for stone-free status, while the CROES score was not an independent marker. Only diabetes mellitus was determined to be an independent marker for the development of complications (OR=2.375, p=0.045). Conclusion: PCNL is an effective and safe treatment method with high stone-free rates in the treatment of large renal stones, but care should be taken in terms of cardiac risks. The results of this study showed that GSS and S.T.O.N.E. scoring systems were effective and reliable in predicting stone-free status.Öğe The comparison of perioperative outcomes between percutaneous nephrolithotomy and retrograde intrarenal surgery in elderly patients(Wiley, 2021) Yarimoglu, Serkan; Sahan, Murat; Polat, Salih; Koras, Omer; Erdemoglu, Onur; Degirmenci, TansuObjectives In this study, we aimed to compare the outcomes and complication rates of percutaneous nephrolithotomy (PCNL) and retrograde intrarenal surgery (RIRS) in elderly patients. Materials and Methods Between April 2011 and January 2020, patients who underwent PCNL and RIRS for renal stone in elderly patients were retrospectively evaluated. The two groups' perioperative values, stone-free rates and complication rates were compared. Post-operative complications were noted according to the Clavien scoring system. Results There were 89 and 72 patients in the PCNL and RIRS group respectively. The median age was 67 years in both the groups (P = .192). The stone size were 22.2 +/- 3.5 mm and 19.9 +/- 7.1 mm in the PCNL and RIRS group, respectively (P = .082). Stone-free rates were significantly higher in PCNL group (P = .021, P = .034). Also we found that overall complication and major complication rates were significantly higher in PCNL group (P = .016, P = .029). Conclusion Despite there was higher stone clearance in PCNL, the complication rates were higher compared with RIRS. So RIRS might be a safe alternative treatment method to PCNL in older patients.Öğe Comparison of Preoperative Urine Culture and Intraoperative Renal Pelvis Culture in Patients Who Underwent Flexible Ureterorenoscopy(Galenos Publ House, 2022) Gokalp, Fatih; Koras, Omer; Polat, Salih; Sahan, Murat; Baba, Dursun; Bozkurt, Ibrahim Halil; Eker, AnilObjective: There is no correlation between the preoperative bladder urine culture (PBUC) sensitivity test and the results of the renal pelvic urine culture (RPUC) test. Materials and Methods: A total of 129 patients who underwent f-URS included the study. Preoperatively, PBUC was collected in all cases, and RPUC was taken when starting the surgery. Results: In PBUC, there was growth in 25 (19.4%) patients and in RPUC, there were only in 35 (27.1%) cases. Preoperative tomographic urine density at the renal pelvis [odds ratio (OR): 0.848, p<0.001], grade >= 2 hydronephrosis (OR: 18.970, p=0.001), and lower calyceal stone location (OR: 0.033, p=0.017) were determined as independent predictive factors for RPUC growth. The ability of tomographic urine density to foresee positive RPUC positivity was determined to be 0.858 (0.780-0.936). The tomographic urine density threshold for RPUC positivity prediction was 4.5, with 80% sensitivity and 77.7% specificity. Conclusion: PBUCs do not necessarily mean accurate colonization. Obtaining renal pelvis urine samples is important for managing postoperative infectious complications. Patients that have preoperative hydronephrosis and nominal tomographic urine density could develop RPUC even if the preoperative bladder urine samples are negative.Öğe Does Access Location Influence Outcome of Percutaneous Nephrolithotomy in Staghorn Stones?(Coll Physicians & Surgeons Pakistan, 2021) Yarimoglu, Serkan; Sahan, Murat; Polat, Salih; Cesur, Gurkan; Koras, Omer; Degirmenci, TansuObjective: To assess the effect of lower and middle calyceal accesses on the outcomes of percutaneous nephrolithotomy (PCNL) in staghorn stones. Study Design: Observational study. Place and Duration of Study: Department of Urology, University of Health Sciences, Izmir Bozyaka Training and Research Hospital, Turkey, from April 2012 to January 2019. Methodology: Patients who underwent PCNL for staghorn stones were retrospectively analysed. The patients were grouped as Group-1 (middle calyceal access) and Group-2 (lower calyceal access). Demographic and stone characteristics (size, density), perioperative and postoperative data, and stone-free rates were compared between these two groups. Postoperative detection of > 4 mm stones was defined as residual stones. Results: There were 249 patients in the study; 108 in middle calyceal access group and 141 in lower calyceal access group. The mean stone burden was 765 (524-1322) and 777 (490-1445) mm(2) in group-1 and group-2, respectively (p=0.876). The number of stone-free patients was 50 (46.3%) in middle calyceal access group and 93 (66.0%) in lower calyceal access group. The rate of stone-free status was significantly higher in lower calyceal access group (p=0.002). The overall complication rate was similar between the groups (p=0.132). The binary analysis showed that stone burden, and calyx of entry were predictive factors for success. Conclusion: Although the choice of the calyx to be entered does not affect the complication rate in staghorn stones, the stone-free rate is significantly higher in lower calyceal access.Öğe Elastographic evaluation of the effect of sickle cell anemia on testicles: a prospective study(Wiley, 2022) Koras, Omer; Gorur, Sadik; Bayramogullari, Hanifi; Ilhan, Gul; Gokalp, Fatih; Kacmaz, Murat; Ilgezdi, AlicanTo quantitatively determine testicular tissue stiffness values using shear wave elastography (SWE) in males that have sickle cell anemia (SCA) and to evaluate the relationship between elastography results and semen analysis parameters and hormone levels. Fifty patients diagnosed with SCA and followed up in the hematology outpatient clinic were evaluated in the urology outpatient clinic as the study group. In addition, there were 88 patients without any SCA-related complaints in the control group. We compared these groups with respect to their values, spermiogram parameters, testicular volume, and SWE values. Among patients in the SCA group, 28% had impaired sperm parameters. When testicular elastography was assessed, the testicular volumes were materially lower in the SCA group in comparison to the control group [right testicular volume: 14.76 (12.77-18.12) and 19.68 (15.12-24.18), respectively, p < 0.001; left testicular volume: 14.11 (11.06-17.32) and 16.59 (13.38-20.13), respectively, p = 0.015]. Additionally, the left testis central stiffness and the left testis inferior stiffness were significantly higher in the SCA group (p < 0.001 and p = 0.014, respectively). The age and hydroxyurea use had a worse effect on sperm parameters in patients with SCA (odds ratio: -0.161 and -1.914, standard deviation: 0.071 and 0.921, and p = 0.024 and p = 0.038, respectively). We consider that the technique utilized in this study for SWE values is fast and can be adopted as a reliable diagnostic tool and follow-up practice in routine clinical practice to evaluate the acuteness of damage to the testicles in patients having SCA.Öğe External validation and comparison of current scoring systems in retrograde intrarenal surgery: Multi-institutional study with 949 patients(Wiley, 2021) Bozkurt, Ibrahim Halil; Karakoyunlu, Ahmet Nihat; Koras, Omer; Celik, Serdar; Sefik, Ertugrul; Cakici, Mehmet Caglar; Degirmenci, TansuObjectives To externally validate and compare Resorlu-Unsal stone score (RUSS), modified Seoul National University Renal Stone Complexity Score(S-ReSC), Ito's nomogram, and Retrograde Intra-Renal Surgery (R.I.R.S.) scoring systems for predicting capabilities of both the stone-free status and complications in a multi-institutional study. Materials and Methods We performed a retrospective analysis of 949 patients who underwent flexible ureterorenoscopy (f-URS) and laser lithotripsy for renal stones in two institutions between March-2015 and June-2020. The RUSS, modified S-ReSC, Ito's nomogram, and R.I.R.S. scores were calculated for each patient by the same surgeon on imaging methods. Results were compared for their predictive capability of stone-free status and complications. Results Of 949 patients 603 were male and 346 were female with a mean age of 47.2 +/- 14.3 (range 2-84 years). Mean stone burden was 102.6 +/- 42.2 (48-270 mm(2)). All nomograms predicted stone-free status (Area Under Curve (AUC) were 0.689, 0.657, 0.303, and 0.690, respectively). All four scoring systems predicted complications with AUC values of 0.689, 0.646, 0.286, and 0.664 for RUSS, modified S-ReSC, Ito's nomogram, and R.I.R.S., respectively. Although all scoring systems were able to predict complications only Ito's nomogram was able to predict Clavien >= 2 complications. Conclusion All four scoring systems (RUSS, modified S-ReSC, Ito's nomogram, and R.I.R.S.) could predict stone-free status after f-URS, however, the AUC values are not satisfactory in our large patient cohort. Although these scoring systems were not developed for predicting post-operative complications, they were associated with complications in our study. However, these four scoring systems have some significant limitations. The ideal scoring system is yet to be developed.Öğe External validation of the TOHO. score and derivation of the modified TOHO. score for predicting stone-free status after flexible ureteroscopy in ureteral and renal stones(Wiley, 2021) Polat, Salih; Danacioglu, Yavuz Onur; Soytas, Mustafa; Yarimoglu, Serkan; Koras, Omer; Fakir, Ali Emre; Seker, Kamil GokhanObjective The T.O.HO. scoring system was developed to predict stone-free status after flexible ureterenoscopy (fURS) lithotripsy applied for ureter and renal stones. This study aimed to perform the external validation of the T.O.HO. score in the Turkish population and propose a modification for this system. Material methods Patients who underwent fURS for kidney and ureteral stones between January 2017 and January 2020 were retrospectively analysed. The patient and stone characteristics and perioperative findings were noted. The T.O.HO. score was externally validated and compared with the STONE score. Stone-free parameters were evaluated with the multivariate analysis. Based on the results of this analysis, the T.O.HO. score was modified and internally validated. Results A total of 621 patients were included in the study. The stone-free rate was determined as 79.8% (496/621) after fURS. The regression analysis showed that stone area had better predictive power than stone diameter (P = .025). Lower pole (reference), middle pole [odds ratio (OR) = 0.492 P = .016] and middle ureteral (OR = 0.227, P = .024) localisations, stone density (OR = 1.001, P < .001), and stone volume (OR = 1.008, P < .001) were determined as independent predictive markers for stone-free status. Based on the effect size of the stone surface area in the nomogram, stone volume was divided into five categories, at 1-point intervals. The AUC values of the T.O.HO., STONE, and modified T.O.HO. score in predicting stone-free status were calculated as 0.758, 0.634, and 0.821, respectively. The modified T.O.HO. created by adding stone volume was statistically significantly superior to the original version (ROC curve comparison, P < .001). Conclusion The T.O.HO. score effectively predicted stone-free status after fURS. However, modified T.O.HO. SS showed the best predictive performance compared with original T.O.HO. SS.Öğe A novel enema method can prevent infectious complications of transrectal ultrasound-guided prostate biopsy: A single-centre experience(Wiley, 2021) Gokalp, Fatih; Koras, Omer; Gursoy, Didar; Sigva, Hakan; Porgali, Sefa Burak; Tamkac, Nezih; Kulak, BilalBackground TRUS biopsy is the preferred method for diagnosing prostate cancer, but it can cause infectious complications that arise with the contribution of fluoroquinolone resistance. We aimed to explore the potential protective effect of a second rectal enema before biopsy. Methods From January 2015 to December 2020, 419 patients were assessed retrospectively. Patients with a history of anticoagulant use, uncontrolled diabetes, urological surgery, prostate biopsy or recent hospitalisation or overseas travel, as well as those with the previous prostatitis, were excluded from the study. The patients were subsequently divided into two groups: Group 1 (n = 223) had received one enema, on the morning of the biopsy and Group 2 (n = 196) had received two, with the additional enema administered half an hour before the procedure. Results There was no significant difference between the groups in terms of age(P = .076), BMI (P = .489), diabetes (P = .265), prostate-specific antigen (PSA) level (P = .193), free/total PSA (f/t PSA) ratio (P = .518) and prostate size (P = .661) or in relation to cancer detection (P = .428). The median hospitalisation date was significantly higher in Group 1 (P = .003) as was urinary tract infection (UTI) development (P = .004). However, there was no significant difference in terms of fever and sepsis (P = .524 and P = .548, respectively). Additionally, subgroup analysis demonstrated that UTI was significantly lower in patients with diabetes mellitus who had received a second enema (P = .004), though there was no significant difference in UTI between the groups in those without diabetes mellitus (P = .215). Multivariable analysis showed that age and diabetes were significant risk factors for the development of UTI (OR: 1.074, 95% CI: 1.027-1.130, P = .002 and OR: 1.220, 95% CI: 0.131-0.665, P = .003, respectively). Furthermore, the second enema was a significant protective factor for preventing UTI (OR: -1.794, 95% CI: 2.208-16.389, P < .001). Conclusion Older age and the presence of diabetes mellitus are independent risk factors for UTI after prostate biopsy. A second enema procedure before biopsy may protect patients from related infectious complications and could therefore be used as an alternative preventative method.Öğe A novel nomogram and a simple scoring system for urinary leakage after percutaneous nephrolithotomy(Brazilian Soc Urol, 2022) Sahan, Murat; Yarimoglu, Serkan; Polat, Salih; Nart, Bilal; Koras, Omer; Bozkurt, Ibrahim Halil; Degirmenci, TansuIntroduction: The present study aimed to investigate the factors of prolonged urinary leakage (PUL) after percutaneous nephrolithotomy (PCNL) and develop a new and simple scoring system to predict it. Patients and Methods: We retrospectively reviewed patients with renal stones who underwent PCNL at the University of Health Sciences Izmir Bozyaka Training and Research Hospital between April 2011 and January 2020. The patients were divided into two groups according to the presence of PUL, and their preoperative and perioperative data were compared. A multivariate regression analysis was applied to examine the relationship between perioperative descriptors and PUL, and a nomogram was developed using significant predictors. Then, the individual components of the nomogram were assigned points to form a scoring system. Results: There were 92 and 840 patients in the groups with and without PUL, respectively. The results of the univariate logistic regression analysis showed that hydronephrosis grade, parenchymal thickness, duration of nephroscopy, and duration of nephrostomy catheter were significantly associated with PUL. Subsequently, a multivariate regression analysis was carried out with these four factors as possible independent risk factors of PUL after PCNL. Based on the results of this analysis, a nomogram prediction model was developed with an area under the curve value of 0.811, which was consequently used to develop a new simple score system consisting of three characteristics: parenchymal thickness (1-5 points), duration of nephroscopy (1-3 points), and hydronephrosis grade (1-3 points). Conclusion: A novel scoring system is a useful tool for predicting PUL in patients who have undergone percutaneous nephrolithotomy.Öğe On-demand use of fesoterodine: a new paradigm for extended release antimuscarinics(Springer London Ltd, 2022) Bozkurt, Ibrahim Halil; Sefik, Ertugrul; Celik, Serdar; Yesilova, Arda; Koras, Omer; Degirmenci, TansuIntroduction and hypothesis We aimed to compare on-demand and continuous use of fesoterodine 4 mg concerning efficacy and adverse effects. Methods A total of 100 patients who were diagnosed with non-neurogenic overactive bladder (OAB) syndrome were included in the study. All patients were evaluated with MMSE, ICIQ-SF, SEAPI quality of health and OAB-V8 questionnaires, at the beginning, 1st month and 4th month. Fesoterodine 4 mg was started for treatment. At the end of the 1st month, patients who obtained benefit from the treatment were 1:1 randomized into two groups. In group 1, fesoterodine 4 mg was given 1 x 1 in a standard manner whereas in group 2 patients took the pills on demand. Both groups were evaluated for efficacy and adverse events at 4 months. Results Final analyses included 69 patients. At 4-month follow-up, OAB-V8 scores were significantly improved compared to 1 month in both groups. Again at h months, no difference was detected between the two groups for MMSE, ICIQ-SF and SEAPI scores. In continuous usage group, 4th month MMSE scores were significantly lower than 1st month scores. At 4 months, dry mouth and constipation were lower in the on-demand group compared to continuous usage group. Conclusions Compared to standard continuous usage, on-demand usage of fesoterodine showed similar efficacy with fewer adverse events.Öğe Retrospective Analysis of the Factors Affecting Intraoperative and Immediate Postoperative Complications of Retrograde Intrarenal Surgery Classified by the Clavien and Satava Grading Systems(Mary Ann Liebert, Inc, 2021) Koras, Omer; Bozkurt, Ibrahim Halil; Karakoyunlu, Ahmet Nihat; Celik, Serdar; Sefik, Ertugrul; Yarimoglu, Serkan; Polat, SalihBackground: To classify intraoperative and postoperative complications using the modified Clavien classification system (MCCS) and modified Satava classification system (SCS) and to evaluate the parameters associated with complications in patients undergoing retrograde intrarenal surgery (RIRS) for renal and proximal ureteral stones. Materials and Methods: We performed a retrospective analysis of 949 patients who underwent RIRS for renal stones and proximal ureteral stones at two institutions between March 2015 and June 2020. Intraoperative complications were assessed using the SCS, and postoperative complications were graded according to the MCCS. Univariate and multivariate analyses were undertaken to determine predictive factors affecting complication rates. Results: The median stone size was determined as 13mm (range 10-20mm). The stone-free rate was 83.6% after the first intervention. Reprocedure was applied to 89 of the patients with residual stones and the final stone-free rate was 94.4% after reprocedure. According to SCS, the number of intraoperative events and complication incidences was 153 (16.1%). MCCS revealed postoperative complications in 121 (12.8%) patients. Major complications were observed in 18 (1.9%) patients. The rate of complications was higher in patients with renal anomalies (9.9% vs 3.4%, p=0.001). Stone location, stone size, stone burden, stone number, stone density, and residual fragments were determined to be associated with the development of complications (p<0.001, p<0.001, p<0.001, p<0.001, p=0.002, and p<0.001, respectively). In addition, the multivariate analysis revealed that only the presence of residual fragments was a significant predictor of complication development for the patients with Grade 3 complications according to MCCS (p=0.032). However, significant predictors were stone burden (p<0.001), stone density (p=0.002), and fluoroscopy time (p<0.001) for those with Grade >= 2b complications according to SCS. Conclusion: This study showed that abnormal kidney anatomy, operation time, stone burden, and residual fragments were reliable predictors of complication development during and after RIRS. Appropriate preoperative management should be planned according to these predictors to prevent intraoperative and postoperative complications.Öğe Safety and Efficacy of Flexible Ureterorenoscopy Surgery in Different Age Groups(Coll Physicians & Surgeons Pakistan, 2021) Koras, Omer; Bozkurt, Ibrahim Halil; Karakoyunlu, Ahmet Nihat; Polat, Salih; Yarimoglu, Serkan; Degirmenci, TansuObjective: To comparatively investigate the efficacy, safety and complications of flexible ureterorenoscopy (f-URS) in the treat-ment of patients of different age groups ( 60, 60-74 and 60 years (Group 1), 60-74 years (Group 2) and _75 year (Group 3). The patients' American Society of Anesthesiologists (ASA) score, Charlson Comorbidity Index (CCI), anticoagulant use, stone-free rates and surgical and medical complication rates were examined for each group. Results: There were 688 patients in Group 1, 230 in Group 2, and 38 in Group 3. A significant difference was observed between the age groups in terms of CCI and anticoagulant use (p<0.001 for both). The highest rate of medical complications was observed in Group 3 at 42.1%, followed by Group 2 at 17.8%, while the lowest rate was observed in Group 1 at 2.3% (p<0.001). As a result of the multivariate analysis, receiving anticoagulant treatment (p=0.002) and having a high CCI (p=0.005) were independent predictors of medical complication development. Conclusion: It was clearly demonstrated that f-URS could be used as a safe and effective alternative for the treatment moderate-size kidney stones in all age groups.
