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Öğe Antioxidant effects of vitamin D on lacrimal glands against high dose radioiodine-associated damage in an animal model(Taylor & Francis Ltd, 2019) Eksioglu, Umit; Atilgan, Hasan Ikbal; Yakin, Mehmet; Yazihan, Nuray; Altiparmak, Ugur Emrah; Yumusak, Nihat; Korkmaz, MelihaPurpose: To evaluate antioxidant effects of active vitamin D (calcitriol) against high-dose radioiodine (RAI) therapy-associated damage of lacrimal gland. Materials and methods: Wistar albino rats were used and divided into three groups randomly (n = 12/group). The first group was appointed as the negative control group and received no RAI or medication. The second group was appointed as the positive control group that only received 3 mCi/kg (111 MBq/kg) RAI via gastric gavage and the last group was the treatment group that received 3 mCi/kg RAI via same method and calcitriol (200 ng/kg/day) via intraperitoneal administration. Seven days after RAI administration, bilateral intraorbital (IG), extraorbital (EG) and Harderian (HG) glands were removed for the evaluations of histopathologic, tissue cytokine, total oxidant status (TOS) and total antioxidant status (TAS). Results: RAI led to significant increase in tissue TOS, TNF-alpha, IL-6 levels and significant decrease in IL-10 and TAS levels (p < 0.05 for each). Addition of adjunctive calcitriol reversed all these parameters significantly (p < 0.05 for each).The following histopathologic parameters were seen more frequently in positive control group than the other groups: Abnormal lobular pattern, perivascular infiltration, periductal infiltration, lipofuscin-like accumulation, acinar atrophy, periductal and periacinar fibrosis in all lacrimal gland types (p < 0.05), acinar fibrosis in EG (p = 0.049), periductal fibrosis in EG and HG (p = 0.049 and 0.038, respectively), abnormal cell outlines in EG and HG (p = 0.020 and 0.011, respectively) and variation in cell size in the IG and the HG (p = 0.003 and 0.049 respectively). Conclusions: RAI caused significant oxidative stress and inflammation in lacrimal glands. Vitamin D demonstrated potent anti-inflammatory, antioxidant and radio-protective effects on lacrimal glands in histopathologic, tissue cytokine and oxidant/antioxidant level evaluations.Öğe Apoptosis and cell proliferation in short-term and long-term effects of radioiodine-131-induced kidney damage: an experimental and immunohistochemical study(Lippincott Williams & Wilkins, 2018) Yumusak, Nihat; Sadic, Murat; Yucel, Gozde; Atilgan, Hasan I.; Koca, Gokhan; Korkmaz, MelihaObjectiveRadioiodine-131 is a radionuclide that is used for therapeutic purposes in hyperthyroidism and thyroid cancer. The aim of this study was to evaluate apoptotosis and proliferative changes in radioiodine-related kidney damage.Materials and methodsThree groups (n=10/group) of rats were used as follows: the rats were in group 1 untreated, and the rats in groups 2 and 3 were treated once with oral radioiodine (111MBq). The animals in group 2 were killed at the end of the seventh day and the rats in group 3 were killed at the end of the 10th week. The kidneys were removed and evaluated immunohistochemically. The presence of radioiodine in the kidneys was shown by the Na+/I-symporter antibody and proliferating cell nuclear antigen, Ki-67, caspase-3, caspase-8, caspase-9, and terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase mediated deoxyuridine triphosphate nick end labeling assay were used to detect cell proliferation and apoptosis.ResultsNa+/I-symporter protein accumulation in the kidneys was observed to be significantly greater in group 2 than in group 3 (P<0.05). All the immunohistochemical analyses showed that cell proliferation and apoptosis began on the seventh day and peaked in the 10th week. The proliferating cell nuclear antigen, Ki-67, and caspase expressions and terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase mediated deoxyuridine triphosphate nick end labeling values were all found to be statistically significantly increased in group 3 compared with the other groups (P<0.05).ConclusionRadioiodine caused cell proliferation and apoptosis as shown by immunohistochemistry.Öğe Proliferative and apoptotic evaluations of renal preventive effects of coenzyme Q10 in radioiodine-131 induced renal damage(Ankara Univ Press, 2022) Yumusak, Nihat; Koca, Gokhan; Akbulut, Aylin; Atilgan, Hasan Ikbal; Korkmaz, MelihaThe aim of this study was to investigated anti-proliferative and anti-apoptotic effects of coenzyme Q10 (CoQ10) in the prevention of radioiodine-131 (RAI) (I-1(31)) induced kidney damage. A total of 24 Wistar albino rats were separated into equal three groups (n = 8/group): Group 1 (control): untreated group; Group 2 (RAI): 3 mCi/kg RAI oral route; Group 3 (RAI+CoQ10): 3 mCi/kg RAI oral route and intraperitoneally 30 mg/kg/day CoQ10. CoQ10 treatment was started two days before RAI administration and was continued five days once daily after RAI. Pathomorphological parameters of kidneys were measured using hematoxylin-eosin and Masson's trichrome staining. Immunohistochemically; proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA), caspase 8, caspase 9 and terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase-mediated deoxyuridine triphosphate nick end labeling (TUNEL) were used to determine proliferation and apoptosis. With the exception of the control group, varying degrees of inflammation, degeneration, necrosis, and interstitial/perivascular fibrosis were detected in the kidneys of all rats. This histopathological damage was found to be significantly less in CoQ10 group versus RAI group (P<0.05). The all immunohistochemical examinations demonstrated that administration of CoQ10 had reduced proliferation and apoptosis (P<0.05). The results of kidney histopathology and immunohistochemistry demonstrated that administration of CoQ10 had reduced inflammation, proliferation, and apoptosis. These fmdings show CoQ10 can play an important role in the radioprotection of kidneys against RAI-induced damage.Öğe The scintigraphic, biodistribution and histopathological evaluation of the effect of experimental 131I administration on the gastrointestinal system and the demonstration of the Na+/I- symporter by immunohistochemistry in rats(Lippincott Williams & Wilkins, 2018) Yilmaz, Rahsan; Yumusak, Nihat; Sadic, Murat; Atilgan, Hasan I.; Korkmaz, Meliha; Bozkaya, FarukObjectiveThe aim of this study was to investigate histopathological changes and biodistribution of iodine-131 (I-131) in the gastrointestinal system (GIS) and also Na+/I- Symporter (NIS) presence by immunohistochemically in the experimental treatment of rats with radioactive iodine (RAI).Materials and methodsRats were divided into experimental and control groups as random early group 2 (24h), intermediate group 3 (3 weeks), and late period group 4 (3 months). Experimental groups were administered 100MBq (approximate to 3mCi, 12mCi/kg) by orogastric route with orogastric tube. Scintigraphic iodine screening images were obtained 24h, 3 weeks, and 3 months after RAI, and GIS tissues were removed, and immunohistochemical methods were used to demonstrate NIS with RAI biodistribution and histopathology.ResultsAccording to the results of scintigraphy, the most prominent activity involvement was observed in the thyroid gland at group 2, and significant activity was observed in the stomach. In the group 3 and group 4 images, owing to the physiological and biological half-life of the iodine and low resolution of the gamma camera, no secondary focal activation was observed. The highest RAI biodistribution value in all groups was in the stomach, ileum and oesophagus. In the immunohistochemical examination of NIS, the highest staining sequence was observed in all groups respectively in the stomach, oesophagus, tongue, colon, saliva, duodenum, rectum, ileum and jejunum. The increase of NIS immunohistochemically stained more intensely was observed in the RAI-administered groups.ConclusionThe amount of NIS is important for the absorption of RAI after administration.
