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Öğe Bio-functions of carvacrol-supplemented feeds on lipopolysaccharide-induced rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss Walbaum, 1792)(Iranian Fisheries Science Research Inst-Ifsri, 2019) Kucukgul, A.; Gulsafak, ITo investigate the effects of carvacrol supplementation in rainbow trout induced by lipopolysaccharide (LPS), relative gene expressions levels of some pro-inflammatory cytokines and apoptosis markers in kidney and liver were measured. Fish with a mean weight of 44.71 +/- 1.33 g were studied using four different treatments with three replicates each. Inflammation and apoptosis were performed using LPS of Escherichia coli (25 mu g ml(-1)) except in the control group and only carvacrol (100 mu g ml(-1) diet) containing diets were fed to this group (CAR). The last group was the infected fish fed carvacrol supplemented diet (+CAR). Kidney and liver tissues were removed 3 days after to determine the levels of interleukin-1 beta (IL-1 beta), interferon gamma (INF-gamma), caspase 3 (Cas 3), caspase 8 (Cas 8) using Real-Time PCR analyses. IL-1 beta expressions of both kidney and liver was significantly decreased (12.9 and 2.14 fold, respectively) in LPS treated cells (p<0.05). While IFN-gamma expression was up regulated in kidney, it had down regulation in liver. LPS decreased both Cas 3 and 8 expressions in kidney but increased in liver. +CAR increased expressions of IL-1 beta and IFN-gamma compared with the control (up to 2-3 fold) in all tissues except caspase gene expressions that were similar in the control. In all tissues, IL-1 beta and IFN-gamma expressions increased in +CAR group, expect IFN-gamma in the kidney. However, Cas 3 and 8 expressions including apoptosis was induced by up-down regulations in all tissues compared to LPS-injected fish. The results showed that carvacrol had pro-inflammatory and apoptotic effects especially on liver tissue of LPS-induced inflammation model of Oncorhynchus mykiss.Öğe The effects of dietary garlic powder on performance, egg yolk and serum cholesterol concentrations in laying quails(Czech Academy Agricultural Sciences, 2010) Canogullari, S.; Baylan, M.; Erdogan, Z.; Duzguner, V.; Kucukgul, A.This study was conducted to investigate the effects of garlic powder on the performance, egg traits, egg cholesterol and serum parameters of laying Japanese quails. One hundred and twenty 10-weeks-old quails were allocated to four dietary treatments. Quails were caged individually and fed diets supplemented with 0 (control), 1, 2, 4% garlic powder for 12 weeks. There were significant (P < 0.05) differences among the diets in feed consumption, feed efficiency and egg production as averaged over 12 weeks. The better values for these parameters were obtained from the 1% garlic powder supplemented group. Garlic powder addition did not significantly affect egg yolk index, egg shell weight and egg shell thickness. However, there were significant differences (P < 0.05) in egg albumen index, egg shell index and Haugh unit. There was a significant (P < 0.05) reduction in the egg yolk cholesterol concentration when the dietary level of garlic powder was increased from 0 to 4 g/kg. Plasma high density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol concentrations increased (P < 0.05) with increasing levels of dietary garlic powder. Plasma cholesterol (P < 0.05) and triglyceride (P < 0.05) concentration decreased with garlic powder supplementation. It was concluded that garlic powder in the diet of laying quails reduced the plasma and egg yolk cholesterol concentration.Öğe The Effects of Licorice (Glycyrrhriza glabra) Root on Performance, Some Serum Parameters and Antioxidant Capacity of Laying Hens(Facta-Fundacio Arnco Ciencia Tecnologia Avicolas, 2018) Dogan, Canogullari S.; Baylan, M.; Erdogan, Z.; Kucukgul, A.; Bulancak, A.The current study was conducted to determine the effects of the licorice root (Glycyrrhriza glabra) in laying hens diets on performance, egg cholesterol, some plasma parameters and antioxidant capacity. One hundred, 40-week old laying hens were divided into four groups, each group consisted of 25 hens and were placed in individual cages. The mean of the initial body weight of laying hens was 1829.18 +/- 9.595 g. Commercial laying hen diet was supplemented with 0, 0.5, 1.0 and 2.0% levels of licorice root powder and four different dietary groups were formed. From the experimental findings, it was ascertained that the licorice root supplementation had no significant effect on egg weight and feed conversion ratio (p>0.05), but feed consumption decreased with increasing licorice root (p<0.05).Egg yield was recorded as 88.94%, 89.56%, 86.82% and 85.02% in the groups of 0, 0.5, 1.0 and 2.0, respectively (p<0.05).Plasma low density lipoprotein (LDL) and egg yolk cholesterol level decreased with the addition of licorice root, while plasma high density lipoprotein (HDL) level was increased with licorice root addition (p<0.05). Licorice root addition had a positive effect on total antioxidant capacity (TAS) of plasma. It was determined that the total antioxidant capacity was increased by increasing amount of licorice root. From the overall findings, it can be concluded that licorice root could be used as a feed additive without any adverse effect on performance. It has been demonstrated that the licorice root enables the production of functional eggs.Öğe The effects of Ziziphus jujuba on human glioblastoma cells(Wiley-Blackwell, 2016) Duzguner, V.; Kucukgul, A.; Isgor, M. M.; Cellat, M.; Kizilkaya, P.[Abstract Not Available]Öğe Glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase, glutathione peroxidase, total glutatione and reduced nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate in milk cells of subclinical mastitic cows(Polska Akad Nauk, Polish Acad Sciences, Univ Warmia & Mazury Olsztyn, 2019) Akalin, P. P.; Ergun, Y.; Baspinar, N.; Dogruer, G.; Kucukgul, A.; Cantekin, Z.; Isgor, M.This study aimed to determine the levels of milk cell total protein (TP), reduced nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate (NADPH), total glutathione (tGSH), activities of glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PD) and glutathione peroxidase (GPx) in subclinical mastitic cows. Milk from each udder was collected and grouped by the California Mastitis Test. Then, a somatic cell count (SCC) was performed, and the groups were re-scored as control (5-87 x 10(3) cells), 1st group (154-381 x 10(3) cells), 2nd group (418-851 x 10(3) cells), 3rd group (914-1958 x 10(3) cells), and 4th group (2275-8528 x 10(3) cells). Milk cell TP, NADPH, tGSH levels, G6PD, and GPx activities were assessed. Microbiological diagnosis and aerobic mesophyle general organism (AMG, cfu/g) were also conducted. In mastitic milk, TP, NADPH, and tGSH levels, and G6PD and GPx activities were significantly reduced per cell (in samples of 10(6) cells). In addition, milk SCC was positively correlated with AMG (r=0.561, p<0.001), NADPH (r=0.380, p<0.01), TP (r=0.347, p<0.01) and G6PD (r=0.540, p<0.001). There was also positive correlation between NADPH (r=0.428, p<0.01), TP (r=0.638, p<0.001) and AMG. NADPH was positively correlated with TP (r=0.239, p<0.05), GPx (r=0.265, p<0.05) and G6PD (r=0.248, p=0.056). Total protein was positively correlated with tGSH (r=0.354, p<0.01) and G6PD (r=0.643, p<0.001). There was a negative correlation between tGSH and GPx activity (r=-0.306, p<0.05). The microbiological analysis showed the following ratio of pathogens: Coagulase-Negative Staphylococci 66.6%, Streptococcus spp 9.5%, Bacillus spp 9.5%, yeast 4.8%, and mixed infections 9.5%. As a conclusion, when evaluating the enzyme and oxidative stress parameters in milk, it is more suitable to assign values based on cell count rather than ml of milk. The linear correlation between the SCC and AMG, milk cell NADPH, TP and G6PD suggests that these parameters could be used as markers of mastitis.Öğe Investigation of the Bioactivity of Escin in Hydrogen Peroxide-Induced Oxidative Stress(Hellenic Veterinary Medical Soc, 2023) Kucukgul, A.; Isgor, M. M.; Onel, S. E.Escin is a triterpene saponin obtained from the horse chestnut tree Aesculus hippocastanum L. (Hippo-castanaceae). The aim of this study is to investigate the bioactivity of escin against hydrogen peroxide-induced oxida-tive stress in quails. The study was performed in male Japanese quails (n=10) with similar pre-experimental weights (Coturnix japonica) on average. In order to create oxidative stress in quails, hydrogen peroxide was given to drinking water ad libitum for 1 week. At the end of the period, escin was injected intraperitoneally into the quails twice, every other day. The weights of the experimental animals were measured at the beginning and the end of the experiment and compared. In addition, the 10-day live weight change rate and feed intake rates of the experimental animals were also compared. Total antioxidant (TAC), total oxidant (TOC), and oxidative stress index (OSI) were measured colorimet-rically from serum and liver homogenates of animals in the experimental groups. In addition, IL-1 & beta; translation levels from serum samples were investigated by the ELISA method. According to the data obtained from the study, 10-day body weight change rates increased by 33% in the hydrogen peroxide added group compared to the control group, while an increase of 133% was observed in the escin-treated group. Besides, in serum and liver samples, it was found that escin showed strong antioxidant properties by decreasing the amount of TOC and increasing TAC levels in the group escin administered with hydrogen peroxide, compared to the group administered only with hydrogen peroxide. It was also observed that escin significantly suppressed the levels of IL-1 & beta; induced by hydrogen peroxide. As a result, escin was thought to be an alternative molecule in improving growth performance by showing significant antioxidant activity in the prevention of oxidative stress and inflammation in quails. However, multiple trials and detailed molec-ular analyzes are needed to obtain more detailed information on the subject.Öğe Therapeutic effects of thyme (thymus vulgaris linneaus) and fennel (foeniculum vulgare miller) essential oils in infected rainbow trout, oncorhynchus mykiss (Walbaum)(Inst Materials Physics, 2013) Kucukgul Gulec, A.; Kucukgul, A.; Danabas, D.; Ural, M.; Seker, E.; Arslan, A.; Serdar, O.The fish (84±1.02 g mean±SEM) were divided into 3 groups (N=15 in each group) as control (CNT), infected with Yersinia ruckeri (INF), and infected and essential oils (+EO). The CNT and INF groups were fed only with commercial fish feed. The +EO group was fed with feeds prepared with the rate of 10 ml herbal essential oils (mixed thyme and fennel) / 100 g feed during 21 days. The liver tissue (0.4 g) of fish was dissected in third day of the experimental period and mRNA transcription levels in liver tissue were determined by Real Time PCR analysis. INF and + EO groups exhibited decreased immunity against the challenging with Y. ruckeri infection (53.57 and 42.85 % mortality, respectively) when compared with CNT group (93.33 %). Gene mRNA transcription levels of tumour necrosis factor alpha (TNF-?), interleukin 1 beta (IL-1?), inducible nitric oxide synthesis (iNOS), serum amyloid A (SAA), that are responsible during the initiation and continuation of the inflammation increased in 1.86, 2.46, 1.62 and 55.7 fold change, respectively in INF group, whereas mRNA expressions of haptoglobin (Hp) decreased (1.2-fold change) in 3th day of experimental period. The +EO group eliminated the increase in all of the gene expressions.Öğe THERAPEUTIC EFFECTS OF THYME (THYMUS VULGARIS LINNEAUS) AND FENNEL (FOENICULUM VULGARE MILLER) ESSENTIAL OILS IN INFECTED RAINBOW TROUT, ONCORHYNCHUS MYKISS (WALBAUM)(Inst Materials Physics, 2013) Gulec, A. Kucukgul; Kucukgul, A.; Danabas, D.; Ural, M.; Seker, E.; Arslan, A.; Serdar, O.The fish (84 +/- 1.02 g mean +/- SEM) were divided into 3 groups (N=15 in each group) as control (CNT), infected with Yersinia ruckeri (INF), and infected and essential oils (+EO). The CNT and INF groups were fed only with commercial fish feed. The +EO group was fed with feeds prepared with the rate of 10 ml herbal essential oils (mixed thyme and fennel) / 100 g feed during 21 days. The liver tissue (0.4 g) of fish was dissected in third day of the experimental period and mRNA transcription levels in liver tissue were determined by Real Time PCR analysis. INF and +EO groups exhibited decreased immunity against the challenging with Y. ruckeri infection (53.57 and 42.85 % mortality, respectively) when compared with CNT group (93.33 %). Gene mRNA transcription levels of tumour necrosis factor alpha (TNF-alpha), interleukin 1 beta (IL-1 beta), inducible nitric oxide synthesis (iNOS), serum amyloid A (SAA), that are responsible during the initiation and continuation of the inflammation increased in 1.86, 2.46, 1.62 and 55.7 fold change, respectively in INF group, whereas mRNA expressions of haptoglobin (Hp) decreased (1.2-fold change) in 3th day of experimental period. The +EO group eliminated the increase in all of the gene expressions.
