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    The Effect of Burnout Fatigue After Static and Dynamic Squat Exercises to Isokinetic Leg Strength
    (Int Journal Applied Exercise Physiology, 2019) Yaprak, Yildiz; Kucukkubas, Nigar
    The aim of this study was to determine the change in isokinetic leg strength after static and dynamic squat burnout fatigues. Fifty four (37 male, 17 female) voluntary university students aged of 18-26 years (22.09 +/- 2.08) participated in this study. Two different burnout fatigue of static and dynamic squat exercise protocols were induced over an interval of 3 days. Strength measurements: After warm-up exercises, strength of the knee extensor and flexor muscles of the dominant leg was tested with 5 maximal repetitons at 60 degrees/sec using an isokinetic dynamometer. The decrease of the quadriceps muscle strength were -5.53% and 15.62% (p<0.00) respectively after static and dynamic squat fatigue exercises. Unlike this result, following static and dynamic burnout exercise fatigue, an increase in hamstring muscle strength were obtained significantly +3,31% ve +2,90% respectively (p<0.02). Furthermore, there were low negative relations between static exhaustion times with body weight (-.28) and thigh circumference (-.34), while there was no significant relationship between dynamic exhaustion times and any anthropometric measurements. The acute effect of the burnout fatigue in isokinetic strength were found surprising. There is a need to examine why muscles are activated more with acute response of burnout fatigue by the function of the working muscle. After burnout fatigue formed by static and dynamic exercises, isokinetic muscle strength of quadriceps muscle decreased and that of hamstring muscles increased. The possible reason of unexpected increase in the hamstring muscle strength after both of the fatigue types might be the increase in the participation of the total number of fibrils.
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    Gender-related Differences on Physical Fitness Parameters After Core Training Exercises: A Comparative Study
    (Mattioli 1885, 2020) Yaprak, Yildiz; Kucukkubas, Nigar
    Objective: In this study, the effects of 8 weeks of core training by gender on strength, muscle endurance, flexibility, dynamic balance and body composition were examined. Methods: Twelve females (F) (Age: 20.66 +/- 1.82 years, height:165.96 +/- 6.98 cm, body weight: 53.25 +/- 7.11 kg) and twelve young males (M) (Age: 20.75 +/- 2.63 years, height:172.38 +/- 4.48 cm, body weight: 67.40 +/- 8.05 kg) participated voluntarily for the study. Body composition compartments, Y balance test (YBT), flexibility tests, isometric strength, back endurance, and sit up tests were tested before and after the core training of 3 days per week for 8 weeks period. Two repeated measures (group x time) was used for differences of pre- and post-training for all parameters at two groups. Results: The findings of the present study showed significant increases in all parameters, except body composition between pre and post-training results in both groups. However, between genders, there were not statistically significant differences all parameters except dynamic balance. Following the training, female group achieved more increase in percentage change of leg strength (+16.38%), back strength (+15.07%), Biering-Sorenson test (+38.65%), sit and reach test, spine ROM test, and posteromedial balance results. Differently, the percentage change of male group results for sit up (+37.94%), right-left lateral flexion (+16.40%, +17.03%), and anterior-posterolateral balance tests demonstrated increased more. Conclusions: This study investigated differences the effects of core training with unstable surfaces by gender on the physical fitness parameters. The results showed that gender does influence dynamic balance parameter but not body composition, flexibility, strength and muscular endurance parameters for 8 weeks of core training.
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    Validation of the VISA-A questionnaire for Turkish language: the VISA-A-Tr study
    (B M J Publishing Group, 2011) Dogramaci, Yunus; Kalacı, Aydıner; Kucukkubas, Nigar; Inandi, Taceddin; Esen, Erdinc; Yanat, A. Nedim
    Objectives To evaluate the validity and reliability of the Turkish version of the Victorian Institute of Sports Assessment-Achilles (VISA-A) questionnaire for patients with Achilles tendinopathy. Design Fifty-five patients with a diagnosis of Achilles tendinopathy and 55 healthy subjects were included in the study. VISA-A questionnaires were translated and culturally adapted into Turkish. The final Turkish version (VISA-A-Tr) was tested for reliability on healthy individuals and patients. Tests for internal consistency, validity and structure were performed on 55 patients. Results The VISA-A-Tr showed good test-retest reliability (Pearson's r=0.99, p < 0.001). The patients with Achilles tendinopathy had a significantly lower score (p < 0.001) than the healthy individuals. The VISA-A-Tr score correlated significantly with the Stanish tendon grading system (Spearman's r=-0.86; p < 0.001). Conclusion The VISA-A-Tr is a valid and reliable tool for evaluating the severity of Achilles tendinopathy.