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Öğe Comparative study of the volume of the temporal lobe sections and neuropeptide effect in Alzheimer's patients and healthy persons(Taylor & Francis Ltd, 2021) Petekkaya, Emine; Burakgazi, Gulen; Kus, Berna; Melek, Ismet Murat; Arpaci, AbdullahAim The aim of this study was to make a volumetric comparison of some medial temporal lobe structures and neuropeptides between the patients of Alzheimer's disease (AD) and healthy individuals. Method The study comprised of a group of patients diagnosed with mild AD (n:15) and a Control group (n:15) (16 females, 14 males, mean age:72.90 +/- 4.50). Voxel-based morphometry and MRICloud analyses were performed on the MR images taken in 3D measurements of gray matter volumes of all subjects. Following a 10-minute hug test, blood samples were taken from all participants for oxytocin (OT) and arginine vasopressin (AVP) analyses. Results The patient group had a statistically lower right hippocampus volume (p = 0.004) and OT values (p = 0.028) than the Control group. OT signal values increased with a volume increase in the right parahippocampal gyrus (PHG_R), and OT conc. and AVP conc. values increased with increasing volume of the PHG_R. Conclusion It is suggested that the right hippocampus, right fusiform gyrus, left amygdala, left parahippocampal gyrus, and left entorhinal cortex atrophies can be used as predictors in the early diagnosis of AD. The positive correlation between PHG_R and neuropeptides showed the need to investigate the PHG and OT function more deeply.Öğe Correlation of metal ions with specific brain region volumes in neurodegenerative diseases(Tubitak Scientific & Technological Research Council Turkey, 2023) Melek, Ismet Murat; Kus, Berna; Kaptan, Zulal; Petekkaya, EmineBackground/aim: There are reports stating that deteriorations in metal homeostasis in neurodegenerative diseases promote abnormal protein accumulation. In this study, the serum metal levels in Alzheimer's disease (AD) and Parkinson's disease (PD) and its relationship with the cortical regions of the brain were investigated. Materials and methods: The patients were divided into 3 groups consisting of the AD group, PD group, and healthy control group (n = 15 for each). The volumes of specific brain regions were measured over the participants' 3 -dimensional magnetic resonance images, and they were compared across the groups. Copper, zinc, iron, and ferritin levels in the serums were determined, and their correlations with the brain region volumes were examined. Results: The volumes of left hippocampus and right substantia nigra were lower in the AD and PD groups, while the volume of the left nucleus caudatus (CdN) and bilateral insula were lower in the AD group compared to the control group. Serum zinc levels were lower in the AD and PD groups, while the iron level was lower in the PD group in comparison to the control group. In addition, the serum ferritin level was higher in the AD group than in the control group. Serum zinc and copper levels in the AD group were positively corre-lated with the volumes of the right entorhinal cortex, thalamus, CdN, and insula. Serum zinc and copper levels in the PD group showed a negative correlation with the left nucleus accumbens (NAc), right putamen, and right insula volumes. While the serum ferritin level in the PD group displayed a positive correlation with the bilateral CdN, putamen, and NAc, as well as the right hippocampus and insula volumes, no area was detected that showed a correlation with the serum ferritin level in the AD group. Conclusion: A relationship was determined between the serum metal levels in the AD and PD groups and certain brain cortical regions that showed volumetric changes, which can be important for the early diagnosis of neurodegenerative diseases.Öğe Intra-day changes in the levels of biochemistry parameters(Kare Publishing, 2022) Arpaci, Abdullah; Dogan, Serdar; Gul, Bahar Unlu; Kus, Berna; Dirican, EmreObjectives: People mostly live in the nonfasting state during a normal 24-h cycle. This study aims to compare the levels of 18 biochemical parameters during different hours of the day. Methods: A total of 18 biochemical tests of patients who visited outpatient clinics only once between January 1, 2010, and December 31, 2019, were evaluated at the Hatay Mustafa Kemal University (HMKU) Central Laboratory by using hospital database information. The tests are albumin (Alb), aspartate aminotransaminase (AST), alanine aminotransam-inase (ALT), alkaline phosphatase (ALP), amylase, blood urea nitrogen (BUN), calcium (Ca), total cholesterol (TC), cre-atine kinase (CK), creatinine (Cr), gamma-glutamyltransferase (GGT), glucose, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C), inorganic phosphorus (Pi), iron (Fe), total protein (TP), triglyceride (TG), and lipase. The blood samples of the patient were divided into eight groups according to their collection time as follows: (a) 07:00-07:59, (b) 08:00-08:59, (c) 09:00-09:59, (d) 10:00-10:59, (e) 11:00-11:59, (f) 12:00-13:59, (g) 14:00-14:59, and (h) 15:00-17:00. Results: A statistically significant difference was found between the groups in terms of all parameters except amylase, GGT, and TP (p<0.05). The effect size refers to the minimum amount of difference that is clinically significant. According to the effect size values, there was no significant difference between time groups in the following parameters: Alb, ALT, AST, Pi, Ca, TC, Cr, Fe, glucose, BUN, lipase, TG, ALP, HDL-C, and CK (?<0.30). Conclusion: When considering all of the results, nonfasting screening would not only be acceptable but also make physiologic sense. © 2022, Kare Publishing. All rights reserved.Öğe Possible role of endocannabinoids in olfactory and taste dysfunctions in Alzheimer's and Parkinson's patients and volumetric changes in the brain(Elsevier Sci Ltd, 2022) Petekkaya, Emine; Kus, Berna; Dogan, Serdar; Bayarogullari, Hanifi; Mutlu, Turay; Melek, Ismet Murat; Arpaci, AbdullahThe purpose of this study is to determine the volumes of primary brain regions associated with smell and taste in Alzheimer's and Parkinson's patients and healthy controls using MR imaging and examine volumetric changes in comparison to smell/taste questionnaire and test results and endocannabinoid (EC) levels. The study included 15 AD patients with mild cognitive dysfunction scored as 18 <= MMSE <= 23, 15 PD patients with scores of 18 < MoCA < 26 and 18 <= MMSE <= 23, and 15 healthy controls. A taste and smell questionnaire was given to the participants, and their taste and smell statuses were examined using the Sniffin' Sticks smell identification test and Burghart Taste Strips. EC levels were analyzed in the blood serum samples of the participants using the ELISA method. The volumes of the left olfactory bulb (p = 0.001), left amygdala (p = 0.004), left hippocampus (p = 0.008), and bilateral insula (left p = 0.000, right p = 0.000) were significantly smaller in the Alzheimer's patients than the healthy controls. The volumes of the left olfactory bulb (p = 0.001) and left hippocampus (p = 0.009) were significantly smaller in the Parkinson's patients than the healthy controls. A significant correlation was determined between volume reduction in the left Rolandic operculum cortical region and taste dysfunction. EC levels were significantly higher in both AD (p = 0.000) and PD (p = 0.006) in comparison to the controls. Our results showed that volumetric changes occur in the brain regions associated with smell and taste in Alzheimer's and Parkinson's patients. It was observed that ECs played a role in these volumetric changes and the olfactory and taste dysfunctions of the patients.
