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Öğe Does Pythium anandrum contribute to the dieback of sessile oak (Quercus petraea) in Turkey?(Wiley-Blackwell, 2013) Akilli, S.; Serce, C. Ulubas; Katircioglu, Y. Z.; Maden, S.During investigations into the causes of oak decline in six Regional Forestry Directories of the Black Sea Region of Turkey, Phytophthora spp. were obtained from one region and Pythium spp. were collected from three regions. The most frequently isolated Pythium species, Pythium anandrum, when inoculated on stem bases, caused longer cankers than two isolates of both Phytophthora plurivora and 2 of the P.quercina. This is the first report of Pythium anandrum causing disease on sessile oak. P.anandrum may contribute oak decline in Turkey.Öğe Involvement of Phytophthora spp. in chestnut decline in the Black Sea region of Turkey(Wiley, 2012) Akilli, S.; Serce, C. U.; Katircioglu, Y. Z.; Maden, S.Chestnut blight caused by Cryphonectria parasitica is a serious disease of Castanea sativa in the Black Sea region of Turkey. During disease surveys, dieback and decline symptoms were observed on trees without apparent blight and ink disease symptoms. Black necroses, similar to those caused by Phytophthora infections, were noted on some of the chestnut coppices and saplings in one nursery in Ordu and led to an investigation into this disease complex. Only symptomatic plants showing dieback symptoms were investigated. Soil samples together with fine roots were collected from two directions, north and north-east, approximately 150 cm away from the main stems. Phytophthora spp. were baited with young chestnut leaves. Three Phytophthora spp., P.similar to cambivora, P.similar to cinnamomi and P.similar to plurivora, were identified from 12 soil samples collected from 73 locations, while from the nurseries, only P.similar to cinnamomi was obtained. Phytophthora cinnamomi was the most common species, obtained from seven locations in five provinces and from four nurseries having similar symptoms mentioned above in different locations. Phytophthora cambivora and P.similar to plurivora were less frequently obtained, from three to two stands, respectively. Phytophthora cinnamomi and P.similar to cambivora were the most aggressive species when inoculated at the stem base on 3-year-old chestnut saplings, killing six saplings of eight inoculated in 2 months. The three Phytophthora species were first recorded on chestnut in Black sea region of Turkey with the limited samples investigated in a large area about 150 000 ha chestnut forest.Öğe Phytophthora citrophthora, a new pathogen causing decline on horse chestnut in Turkey(Wiley, 2012) Akilli, S.; Serce, C. Ulubas; Katircioglu, Y.; Maden, S.Dieback symptoms were observed on horse chestnut trees planted approximately 40 years ago in Ankara, Turkey. Lesions at the stem bases of the affected trees were similar to those of ink disease on sweet chestnut. A Phytophthora sp. was isolated from the fine roots and soil samples collected around the stem bases by baiting using chestnut leaves. The pathogen was identified as Phytophthora citrophthora based on several morphological features and DNA sequences of the ITS region. Pathogenicity of P.similar to citrophthora was tested by stem inoculation on 3-year-old horse chestnut saplings. P.similar to citrophthora produced large cankers in 20 days and killed 40% of the saplings. This is the first report of P.similar to citrophthora causing dieback on horse chestnut.Öğe Phytophthora dieback on narrow leaved ash in the Black Sea region of Turkey(Wiley-Blackwell, 2013) Akilli, S.; Serce, C. Ulubas; Katircioglu, Y. Z.; Maden, S.Severe dieback symptoms were observed in a 490-ha moist ash (Fraxinus angustifolia) lowland forest stand, comprising trees over 100years old and in 100ha of newly planted F.angustifolia near Sinop, in Turkey. Five of the 10 soil samples collected around stem bases of the diseased trees were baited using ash leaves and yielded a Phytophthora sp. This heterothallic species produced non-caducous, non-papillate sporangia in non-sterile soil extract, and fluffy, even growth on corn meal and potato dextrose agars, and suppressed, even growth on grated carrot agar. Isolates were identified as Phytophthora taxon salixsoil based on internal transcribed spacer DNA sequences. This species has been recently redesignated as P.lacustris. Three isolates were found to be pathogenic when inoculated on the stem bases of three-year-old F.angustifolia saplings.
