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    Effect of salt stress on germination and seedling growth in serially harvested aubergine (Solanum melongena L.) seeds during development
    (Laser Pages Publ Ltd, 2003) Demir, I; Mavi, K; Ozcoban, M; Okcu, G
    Serially harvested aubergine (Solanum melongena L.) seed lots of 40, 45, 50, 55, 60, and 42, 45, 50, 55, 60, 70, and 80 days after anthesis (daa) in 1999 and 2000, respectively, were incubated and germinated in 0, 35, 70, and 140 mM NaCl in order to assess the effect of salt stress on germination and seedling growth in relation to seed development. Germination percentage, total and normal emergence, and seedling fresh and dry weight were all inhibited by NaCl treatment. The strongest inhibition of germination occurred in earlier (40, 42, 45 daa) and later (70, 80 daa) harvests and at 140 mM NaCl. Seedling growth was more sensitive to salt stress than was germination. Seedling abnormalities, (chlorosis, cotyledon unfolding, necrotic areas) increased at higher NaCl concentrations. Results indicated that the developmental stage of seeds affected sensitivity to salt stress. In order to get the maximum germination, and rapid and well-developed transplant production, aubergine seeds should be harvested between 50 and 60 daa. A mixture of seeds at various developmental stages, particularly a high proportion of immature and overmature seeds in a once-over mechanical harvest, reduces the overall performance of the lot under salt stress.
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    Öğe
    Seed development and maturation in aubergine (Solanum melongena L.)
    (Eugen Ulmer Gmbh Co, 2002) Demir, I; Mavi, K; Sermenli, T; Ozcoban, M
    Changes in seed quality were monitored during seed development and maturation in aubergine (Solanum melongena L. cv. 'Pala') in open-field experiments in 1999 and 2000. Seed quality of serially harvested seed lots was assessed by a number of different tests (germination, emergence, seedling dry weight, electrical conductivity, cold test, K, (seed lot constant), germination at low (18degreesC) and high (30degreesC) temperatures). Mass maturity (the end of the seed-filling phase) occurred 40 day's after anthesis (DAA) in 1999 and 42 DAA in 2000. In contrast, maximum seed quality was attained 50 and 60 DAA which was 10 and 20d and 8 and 28d after mass maturity (DAMM) in 1999 and 2000, respectively, which varied between quality tests. Results provide further evidence that the hypothesis that seed quality is maximal at the end of the seed filling-phase and declines thereafter is not applicable for aubergine.
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    Yield and fruit quality of watermelon (Citrullus lanatus (Thumb.) Matsum. & Nakai.) and melon (Cucumis melo L.) under protected organic and conventional farming systems in a Mediterranean region of Turkey
    (Taylor & Francis Ltd, 2004) Çürük, S; Sermenli, T; Mavi, K; Evrendilek, F
    Protected conventional and organic farming systems for watermelon and melon were compared over a two-year period in the Mediterranean Amik plain of southern Turkey. Yield, fruit quality and growth responses of the vegetable crops were measured and compared as a function of conventional management, and three composted sheep-cattle manure treatments of 6 kg m(-2), 12 kg m(-2) and 18 kg m(-2). On average, total and marketable yields of watermelon and melon grown organically under low plastic tunnels showed a two-fold increase under the organic treatments of 12 kg m-2 and 18 kg m(-2) relative to the protected conventional management system (p < 0.05). There was no significant difference in watermelon and melon yields between the manure application levels of 12 and 18 kg m(-2). There were significant changes in mean fruit weight and width between the control and the manure level of 18 kg m(-2) for watermelon and in mean stem diameter between the control and the manure levels of 12 and 18 kg m(-2) for melon (p < 0.05). Multiple linear regression (MLR) models accounted for about 49% and 52% of variations in marketable yields of melon and watermelon as a function of the control and the manure levels of 12 and 18 kg m(-2), respectively. The findings indicate that protected organic watermelon and melon systems in this Mediterranean region can produce more total and marketable yields than protected conventional systems. Protected organic farming systems can assist in compliance with maximum residue limits imposed on exported agricultural commodities and reduce dependency on industrial fertilizers as well as emissions of fertilizer production-related greenhouse gases.