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Öğe Bio-Herbicidal Effects of Oregano and Rosemary Essential Oils on Germination and Seedling Growth of Bread Wheat Cultivars and Weeds(Ars Docendi, 2016) Atak, Mehmet; Mavi, Kazim; Uremis, IlhanAllelopathic effect of essential oils found in Origanum onites L. (Ori) (Turkish oregano) and Rosmarinus officinalis L. (Ros) (Rosemary) was tested on five bread wheat cultivars and two weed species. The essential oils were applied at rate of 0, 2, 4, 8 and 16 mu L / petri dishes to study their effect on seed germination and seedling growth of wheat cultivars and two weed species; AVEST (Avena sterilis) and SINAR (Sinapis arvensis) commonly found in wheat field. Both essential oils of Ori and Ros caused a generally detrimental effect on seed germination rate, seedling shoot length, seedling root length and seedling fresh weight of wheat cultivars. Ori and Ros oils caused 37 to 87% and 10 to 78% germination inhibition on wheat cultivars, respectively. Mean germination time was extended as the concentration of essential oil was increased. For majority of the traits tested in this study, there was significant interaction between essential oil type and wheat cultivars. Both essential oils suppressed germination rate of the tested weeds. Ori caused 97 to 100 % germination inhibition rate on SINAR, and 26.7 to 84.5 % in AVEST. Ros also caused 85 to % 100 germination reductions on SINAR. Wheat cultivars were less affected compared to weed species suggesting that proper doses of these essential oils could be used as a bio herbicide for weed control. The result of the study demonstrated that essential oils of Ori and Ros have allelopathic potential, presenting a risk or advantage to seed germination and seedling growth of winter and alternative wheat cultivars grown in Turkey.Öğe DETERMINATION OF CAPSAICINOIDS AND SCOVILLE HEAT UNIT IN DIFFERENT ORNAMENTAL CAPSICUM GENOTYPES GROWN IN TURKEY USING HPLC(Parlar Scientific Publications (P S P), 2021) Duman, Ahmet Dogan; Mavi, Kazim; Arpaci, Bekir Bulent; Didin, Mustafa; Duman, Dilara SenaSpices are used as flavoring, coloring, and preserving agents in foodstuff. Pepper plants (Capsicum ammum L.) area commercially grown as ornamental (plants or fruits) or to produce fruits. Pepper fruits are consumed fresh or processed as dried product (crushed, paste, spice, powder. flake, seasonings, oleoresin, etc.). Capsicum family has a long history of cultivation and utilization as a food product. In general, the consumer's choice depends on various quality characteristics. As an ancestral spice. red chilli peppers are pungent and edible fruit obtained from many varieties within the Capsicum genus (over 90 and also 2000 species). Red chilli pepper demonstrates good quality degree due to the existence of phytochemicals, colour, taste, flavor, smell, and bitterness. In this study, the liquid chromatography (LC) procedure was employed for the investigation of pungency and Scoville Heat Unit (SHU) in a total 21 different genotypes of Capsicum species.Öğe Determination of Relationships Between Fruit Maturity Stages, and Seed Development and Quality in Aji Pepper (Capsicum baccatum var. pendulum)(Ankara Univ, Fac Agr, 2016) Eken, Nazli Ilke; Mavi, KazimThis study was conducted to determine the relationships between the seeds harvested at different fruits maturity stages and the seed development and quality in Aji pepper (Capsicum baccatum var. pendulum). The fruits were harvested at green ripe (1), breaker (2), orange ripe (3), red ripe (4) and over red ripe (5) maturity stages in 2011 and 2012 vegetation seasons. Seed moisture content was changed between 37.2% and 69.0% based on development stage, and over maturity stage had the lowest moisture content of 37.2% and 39.0% in both years, respectively. Germination rate was between 0% and 94% with the maximum of 94% in 2011 and 79% in 2012. The average germination time ranged from 4 to 13 days. The seedling emergence rate was between 1% and to 97% with the maximum of 97% in 2011 and 76% in 2012 that the average seedling emergence time changed between 7 and 18 days. Seedling length ranged from 3.0 to 5.7 cm, seedling fresh weight ranged from 122.75 to 255.00 mg and seedling dry weight ranged from 8.75 to 33.66 mg. The results showed that the seed quality increased as maturity level progressed, and the best fruit harvest date was red ripe stage for maximum seed quality in Aji pepper.Öğe Determining the yield and several quality parameters of 'Chili Jalapeno' in comparison to 'Pical' and 'Geyik Boynuzu' pepper cultivars under Mediterranean conditions(Academic Journals, 2010) Sermenli, Tamer; Mavi, KazimWe studied yield and quality parameters of three hot Chili pepper cultivars under Antakya conditions. The cultivars tested were 'Chili Jalapeno', 'Pical' and 'Geyik Boynuzu', which is a local cultivar. The experiment was designed as a completely randomized block design with three blocks in each treatment and conducted for two years. The variable measured in the experiment include total yield (kg/da), fruit number (number/plant), yield per plant (g/plant), fruit weight (g), fruit width (cm), fruit length (cm), skin + flesh width (mm) and soluble solids (%). The results indicated that 'Chili Jalapeno' and 'Pical' cultivars gave significantly higher total yield than 'Geyik Boynuzu' with 1951 and 1818 kg/da, respectively while 1593 kg/da yield was recovered from 'Geyik Boynuzu'. Similarly, for yield per plant, 'Chili Jalapeno' and 'Pical' cultivars gave significantly higher yield than 'Geyik Boynuzu'. The highest soluble solid was found on 'Pical' while the lowest from 'Geyik Boynuzu'. Moreover, 'Pical' was determined as the thinnest skin + flesh width. For these reasons, 'Pical' could be recommended for dry pepper production. We suggest 'Chili Jalapeno' cultivar for pickling. 'Geyik Boynuzu' is a local cultivar that is commonly grown in the region. For this cultivar, we suggest breeding studies should be initiated to further improve this cultivar.Öğe Determining the yield and several quality parameters of ?Chili Jalapeno? in comparison to ?Pical prime; and ?Geyik Boynuzu? pepper cultivars under Mediterranean conditions(2010) Sermenli, Tamer; Mavi, KazimWe studied yield and quality parameters of three hot Chili pepper cultivars under Antakya conditions. The cultivars tested were 'Chili Jalapeno', 'Pical' and 'Geyik Boynuzu', which is a local cultivar. The experiment was designed as a completely randomized block design with three blocks in each treatment and conducted for two years. The variable measured in the experiment include total yield (kg/da), fruit number (number/plant), yield per plant (g/plant), fruit weight (g), fruit width (cm), fruit length (cm), skin + flesh width (mm) and soluble solids (%). The results indicated that 'Chili Jalapeno' and 'Pical' cultivars gave significantly higher total yield than 'Geyik Boynuzu' with 1951 and 1818 kg/da, respectively while 1593 kg/da yield was recovered from 'Geyik Boynuzu'. Similarly, for yield per plant, 'Chili Jalapeno' and 'Pical' cultivars gave significantly higher yield than 'Geyik Boynuzu'. The highest soluble solid was found on 'Pical' while the lowest from 'Geyik Boynuzu'. Moreover, 'Pical' was determined as the thinnest skin + flesh width. For these reasons, 'Pical' could be recommended for dry pepper production. We suggest 'Chili Jalapeno' cultivar for pickling. 'Geyik Boynuzu' is a local cultivar that is commonly grown in the region. For this cultivar, we suggest breeding studies should be initiated to further improve this cultivar. ©2010 Academic Journals.Öğe The Effect of Different Pre-sowing Treatments on Seedling Emergence, Quality and Development in Passiflora edulis Seeds(Springer, 2023) Uzunoglu, Fulya; Ozmen, Kuebra; Toprak, Seher; Ergan, Emine; Mavi, KazimPassiflora is cultivated for its edible fruits and many features such as flavor properties, aroma, high antioxidant activity in nutrient content, pharmaceutical effects, and ornamental plant feature, which has been widely used for decorative purposes in recent years. It has also been reported that seeds of Passiflora species have physical dormancy due to mechanical and chemical factors. Pre-sowing seed treatments are preferred for breaking dormancy as well as homogeneous seedling growth, increasing the emergence rate, improving seedling quality, high applicability and being economical. In this study, Passiflora edulis Sims f. edulis seeds extracted from fruits were used. Hydropriming, Ferula priming (FER), Tagetes priming (TAG), salt priming (KNO3), hormone priming (GA(3)) and stratification treatments were applied to the seeds before sowing. Results revealed that the highest emergence percentage (60%) and the least mean emergence time (22 days) were obtained from the stratification treatments. The emergence speed index (4.55) and coefficient of velocity of emergence (0.69) gave the highest value of the stratification treatments. In the first seedling measurements made to determine the seedling quality criteria, GA(3), TAG and FER treatments, and in the final seedling measurements, stratification and FER treatments came to the fore. It is recommended that further tests on seedling quality be conducted using variable temperatures and to use it in future studies by changing the times of stratification treatments.Öğe Effect of Priming on Germination of Lagenaria siceraria Genotypes at Low Temperatures(Ankara Univ, Fac Agr, 2007) Kenanoglu, Burcu Begum; Demir, Ibrahim; Mavi, Kazim; Yetisir, Halit; Keles, DavutThis work was carried out to test whether germination of fifteen Lagenaria siceraria genotypes which were collected from western and southern parts of Turkey were improved by KNO3 and NaCl treatments. The experiment was conducted in two consecutive years, 2004 and 2005. Germination tests were performed at 15 degrees C and 18 degrees C. Results indicated that the effect of the treatments varied between the genotypes, temperatures and solutions that were used. KNO3 treatment was better and effective in larger number of lots than NaCl in both years. NaCl promoted germination in a few but inhibitive in large number of lots at both temperatures. As germination temperature was reduced, the positive effect of the KNO3 became greater. As a conclusion, priming treatments, specifically KNO3 appears to be promising in enhancing germination percentages of Lagenaria siceraria particularly at 15 degrees C that is the prevailing temperature in rootstock production for grafted watermelon seedling in unheated glasshouse conditions in early spring.Öğe Evaluation of organic priming to improve the emergence performance of domesticated Capsicum species(Ista-Int Seed Testing Assoc, 2018) Mavi, KazimDomesticated pepper species are important for breeders in that they can provide higher yields, improved fruit quality, resistance to abiotic and biotic stress, and heartier rootstocks. The aim of this study was to determine the effects of organic priming on germination and seedling emergence of five domesticated Capsicum species. The seeds of all pepper species were sown in Petri dishes for germination testing and peat moss for emergence testing. Seeds were primed at 25 degrees C for 24 hours before sowing for emergence testing. The Capsicum species had different germination and emergence percentages, while other traits did not vary. Primed seeds produced larger seedlings with greater fresh and dry weight for all species. It can be concluded that priming may be used to enhance pepper seedling performance, especially for Capsicum chinense (cv. Habanero) which showed lower emergence.Öğe INFLUENCES OF PRE-SOWING TREATMENTS ON THE GERMINATION AND EMERGENCE OF DIFFERENT MULBERRY SPECIES SEEDS(Univ Life Sciences Lublin, 2019) Gunduz, Kazim; Karaat, Firat Ege; Uzunoglu, Fulya; Mavi, KazimMorus genus includes more than 20 species, some of which are commercially important mulberries with different fruit color and shape. Even though the trees of those species are propagated by rooting of cuttings in practice, mulberry seeds are of importance for breeding studies and rootstock seedling propagation. For that reason, this study was conducted to improve the seed performance of four mulberry species by different pre-sowing treatments including; 3% KNO3, GA(3) at 500 ppm, organic priming with herbal tea brewed from marigold flowers petals and hydro priming Results of the parameters of emergence characteristics and seedling vigor were evaluated. According to the results that varied between different species and pre-treatments, since emergence percentage and time, and seedling vigor were improved by the treatments, it was concluded that pre-sowing applications, especially GA(3) and hydro priming, were beneficial in improving the seed performance of mulberry species included in the study.Öğe Influences of presowing treatments on the germination and emergence of fig seeds (Ficus carica L.)(Univ Estadual Maringa, Pro-Reitoria Pesquisa Pos-Graduacao, 2012) Caliskan, Oguzhan; Mavi, Kazim; Polat, AytekinSeed germination of fig seeds is important for obtain seedlings with high variability in breeding studies, and for producing mosaic virus-free seedlings. This experiment was carried out to evaluated the effects of several treatments (priming with water for 24h, GA(3) at 500 and 1000 ppm for 24h, 3% KNO3 for 24h, and stratification at 4 degrees C for 7, 14 and 21 days) on seed germination and emergence of 'Bursa Siyahi' and 'Sarilop' fig cultivars. The application of GA(3) increased the germination and emergence of these fig seeds. The highest percentages of germination and emergence were obtained with GA(3) at 500 or 1000 ppm for both cultivars. The seed germination and emergence of the cultivar 'Bursa Siyahi' were higher than observed with the 'Sarilop'. The application of GA(3) at 500 ppm or 1000 ppm reduced the time to germination and emergence from the seeds of both cultivars. In summary, the GA, treatments showed efficacy to overcome the dormancy of these fig seeds.Öğe MORPHOLOGICAL CHARACTERIZATION OF SPONGE GOURD (Luffa aegyptiaca Mill.) GENOTYPES FROM THE EASTERN MEDITERRANEAN REGION OF TURKEY(Serbian Genetics Soc, 2021) Mavi, Kazim; Gunduz, Kazim; Uzunoglu, Fulya; Karaat, Firat EgeHaving wide range of genetic resources, Hatay is the largest sponge gourd producer of province of Turkey. This study was conducted to determine the status and morphological diversity of the livestock breeding with a field survey in the districts of Hatay Province. As a result of the survey, 34 genotypes were collected that thought to be morphologically different. When the distributions of genotypes were examined, the genotypes were selected from Arsuz (5 genotypes), Defne (7 genotypes), Samandag (1 genotypes), Antakya (5 genotypes), Dortyol (6 genotypes), Yayladagi (4 genotypes), Altinozu (4 genotypes), Payas (1 genotypes) and Erzin (1 genotypes). Two genotypes ('31 AN 03' and '31 AL 04') from which the seeds did not germinate were extracted from the morphological characterization studies. Thirty-two genotypes selected from Hatay with 3 genotypes obtained from Adana, South Korea, and China in total of 35 genotypes were compared in terms of 49 different morphological characteristics. Variations between the genotypes were not identified for the observations made on these 49 features regarding cotyledon color, stem shape, tendrils, leaf margin, growth habit, sex type and peduncle separation from fruit. As a result of analysis of basic components and cluster analysis based on morphological characterization features, genotypes were included in six different groups. However, the effect of the districts on which genotypes were collected on this grouping could not be determined.Öğe The radicle emergence test and storage longevity of cucurbit rootstock seed lots(Ista-Int Seed Testing Assoc, 2022) Ermis, Sitki; Oktem, Guleda; Mavi, Kazim; Hay, Fiona R.; Demir, IbrahimA study was carried out to test whether a single count of radicle emergence (RE test) would correlate with the storage potential of seed lots of cucurbit (C. maxima x C. moschata) rootstock cultivars. The RE test was performed by counting radicle emergence percentage between 26 and 100 hours of germination. Seed longevity was determined by storage at 75% relative humidity at 35 degrees C over 100 days, with seed survival curves constructed based on normal germination percentages. K-i (estimated initial viability in probits), sigma (standard deviation of the normal distribution of seed death in time) and p(50) (time for viability to fall to 50%) were determined through probit analysis. Correlation analysis showed that RE counts particularly between 30 and 34 hours were highly (P < 0.01) correlated with normal germination percentage, K-i and p(50). It can be concluded that RE tests can be used as an indicator of subsequent seed lot longevity in cucurbit rootstock seed cultivars.Öğe Seed Coat Color Effects on Seed Quality and Salt Tolerance of Red Clover (Trifolium pratense)(Friends Science Publ, 2011) Atis, Ibrahim; Atak, Mehmet; Can, Ersin; Mavi, KazimThis research was aimed to investigate the relationship between seed coat color and seed quality of red clover. For this purpose, seed lots of red clover visually inspected in terms of seed color and then they separated by digital color measurement equipment as seed color yellow, purple, brown and mixed. Germinations test, a thousand grain weight, water absorption rate, mean germination time, emergence percentage, the electrical conductivity (EC) test also performed for the selection of highly vigorous red clover seed lots in salt stress conditions (0, 60, 120, 180 & 240 mM NaCl). Results revealed that seed coat color of red clover could be preferred as an indicator of seed quality and seedling growth ability. Yellow colored seeds lots of red clover had higher vigor and seed quality than other colors. Mean germination time (MGT) and electrical conductivity (EC 4 h) test showed significant differences among the seed coat color. Meanwhile, these two tests also showed highly significant correlation in emergence and seedling percentage in salt stress conditions. Brown colored seed lots showed lover seed vigor and viability that their digital measurement values was measured as a 44.49 L*, 14.97 a*, 26.05 b*, 29.87 C* and 60.05 H degrees. The removal of the brown colored seed from the seed lots of red clover will improve the seed quality. (C) 2011 Friends Science PublishersÖğe Some seed properties and molecular analysis with inter-primary binding site (iPBS) retrotranposons markers of edible-seeded watermelon genotypes(Springer, 2024) Coskun, Omer Faruk; Toprak, Seher; Mavi, KazimWatermelon, one of the most important vegetable species in the world, is grown mostly for its fruit. However, there are also genotypes grown for their seeds in some parts of the world and that have snack potential due to their seed characteristics. This study was carried out to determine the morphological-molecular variation of edible-seeded watermelon genotypes and to identify markers associated with seed characteristics. Morphologically, 11 parameter measurements were made repeatedly. The highest value of the number of seed/fruit was determined in the HMKU-KR-15 genotype, and the highest value of 1000 seed weight was determined in the HMKU-KR-6 genotype. The lowest ease of cracking value and the highest weighted scaling score were detected in the HMKU-KR-20 genotype. In molecular research, a total of 135 bands in 24 genotypes were obtained using the inter-primary binding site (iPBS) marker technique and the polymorphism rate was calculated as 79.70%. Three main clusters emerged in cluster analysis. In structure analysis, it was determined that the genotypes consisted of two subpopulations. Seven markers were identified at levels of 29-46% related to seed characteristics. It has been determined that edible-seeded watermelon genotypes can be genetically distinguished using iPBS techniques. The results of this study can be used in breeding strategies to improve edible-seeded watermelon cultivars.Öğe USE OF EXTRACT FROM DRY MARIGOLD (Tagetes spp.) FLOWERS TO PRIME EGGPLANT (Solanum melongena L.) SEEDS(Wydawnictwo Akad Rolniczej W Lublinie, 2014) Mavi, KazimAlthough chemical priming agents have been successfully used to improve seed germination, emergence and seedling quality in different plant species, still they are not yet useful for organic cultivation. Marigold is a multipurpose plant and rich source of lutein and gallic acid, to be explored as an organic priming agent. The purpose of this study was to identify an organic priming agent for organic growing and to develop appropriate methods by using two different species of marigold (Tagetes patula L. and T. erecta L.). Herbal tea obtained from the dried flower of marigold was used as a priming agent for eggplant (Solanum melongena. L) cv. Pala seeds. Hydropriming and control seeds were compared with organic priming (T patula and T. erecta) for germination percentage, mean germination time, germination rate, two different emergence tests, seedling height, seedling fresh and seedling dry weights. Data obtained from the application of organic priming (T. patula and T. erecta) showed a difference in both the germination (82 and 80%), and the emergence (73 and 76%) from Controls and Hydropriming. Seeds emerged in, which unprimed in 52 and 39% respectively, when primed with T. patula, emerged in 73 and 56% respectively. The mean germination time and the mean emergence time were shortened compared with Controls and Hydropriming. MET decreased in 1 cm and 2.5 cm depth sowing from 14.0 and 16.1 days than 10.3 and 11.9 days in Emergence-1 and 10.4 and 10.2 days in Emergence 2, respectively. Seedling quality characteristics were examined in the seedling height, the seedling fresh and dry weights of T. patula and T. erecta applications were also statistically significant. This is the first report which results showed that marigold species can be used as a potential organic priming agent.Öğe Use of extract from dry marigold (Tagetes spp.) flowers to prime eggplant (Solanum melongena L.) seeds(Wydawnictwo Akad Rolniczej W Lublinie, 2014) Mavi, KazimAlthough chemical priming agents have been successfully used to improve seed germination, emergence and seedling quality in different plant species, still they are not yet useful for organic cultivation. Marigold is a multipurpose plant and rich source of lutein and gallic acid, to be explored as an organic priming agent. The purpose of this study was to identify an organic priming agent for organic growing and to develop appropriate methods by using two different species of marigold (Tagetes patula L. and T. erecta L.). Herbal tea obtained from the dried flower of marigold was used as a priming agent for eggplant (Solanum melongena L) cv. Pala seeds. Hydropriming and control seeds were compared with organic priming (T. patula and T. erecta) for germination percentage, mean germination time, germination rate, two different emergence tests, seedling height, seedling fresh and seedling dry weights. Data obtained from the application of organic priming (T. patula and T. erecta) showed a difference in both the germination (82 and 80%), and the emergence (73 and 76%) from Controls and Hydropriming. Seeds emerged in, which unprimed in 52 and 39% respectively, when primed with T. patula, emerged in 73 and 56% respectively. The mean germination time and the mean emergence time were shortened compared with Controls and Hydropriming. MET decreased in 1 cm and 2.5 cm depth sowing from 14.0 and 16.1 days than 10.3 and 11.9 days in Emergence-1 and 10.4 and 10.2 days in Emergence 2, respectively. Seedling quality characteristics were examined in the seedling height, the seedling fresh and dry weights of T. patula and T. erecta applications were also statistically significant. This is the first report which results showed that marigold species can be used as a potential organic priming agent.Öğe The use of volatile compounds as an alternative method in pepper breeding (Capsicum baccatum var. pendulum)(Univ Federal Santa Maria, 2021) Mavi, Kazim; Hacbekir, Hasan; Uzunoglu, Fulya; Turkmen, MusaThe aim of this study is to determine some fruit characteristics of 19 different lines hybridized by previous regular studies. These lines were examined in order to determine the differences among volatile components and reveal the differences in comparison with the parents. Plant height (cm), fruit weight (g), fruit width (mm), fruit length (mm), fruit flesh thickness (mm), pungency, immature fruit color and mature fruit color were determined of parents and F4 lines. As a result, a wide range of variations were determined between lines and parents in terms of all parameters apart from pungency. Especially in terms of volatile components, it has been found that some active substances are found only in the father and white genotype (Fenchol, spathulenol and geranyl acetate), some of them only in the mother and orange genotype (alpha-terpineol, dihexyl azelate and 2-hexadecanol). It was concluded that volatile compounds of the species can be used as a marker for breeding studies.Öğe The variation of essential oil and carvacrol contents of native grown thymbra spicata var. Spicata L.(Inst. Nat. Cercetare-Dezvoltare Text. Pielarie, 2020) Mavi, Kazim; Kaya, Durmuş Alpaslan; Türkmen, Musa; Ayanoğlu, FilizIn the study, it is aimed to create breeding lines of thyme (Thymbra spicata L.), which is important both culturally and economically, by selecting a single plant among the plants grown in different regions in Hatay. For this purpose, a genetic pool was created for Thymbra spicata L. plant in the plant samples taken from the locations where the plants are densely grown, and these plants were examined in terms of leaf characteristics, number of oil glands per unit area, oil gud size and essential oil components. Plants were propagated and preserved with cuttings taken from these single plants. In this study, which includes the pre-selection stage, 213 plants from 68 different locations were determined in the province of Hatay. The essential oil ratios of the plants varied between 0.70% and 3.90% and showed a wide variation. The rate of carvacrol, which is the main component of the essential oil of the thyme plant, was between 28.12% and 78.48%. Plants with code number Z14, Z3, Z25, Z38, Z77, Z104, Z35 and Z43 with an essential oil ratio of 3.5% and above and plants with code number Z167, Z165 and Z64 with a high carvacrol ratio were selected to be used in future breeding studies. © 2020 Toate drepturile asupra acestei edi?ii sunt rezervate editorilor.
