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    Characterization of new small ruminant lentivirus subtype B3 suggests animal trade within the Mediterranean Basin
    (Microbiology Soc, 2011) Bertolotti, L.; Mazzei, M.; Puggioni, G.; Carrozza, M. L.; Giudici, S. Dei; Muz, D.; Juganaru, M.
    Small ruminant lentiviruses (SRLVs) represent a group of viruses infecting sheep and goats worldwide. Despite the high heterogeneity of genotype A strains, which cluster into as many as ten subtypes, genotype B was believed to be less complex and has, so far, been subdivided into only two subtypes. Here, we describe two novel full-length proviral sequences isolated from Sarda sheep in two Italian regions. Genome sequence as well as the main linear epitopes clearly placed this cluster into genotype B. However, owing to long-standing segregation of this sheep breed, the genetic distances that are clearly >15% with respect to B1 and B2 subtypes suggest the designation of a novel subtype, B3. Moreover the close relationship with a gag sequence obtained from a Turkish sheep adds new evidence to historical data that suggest an anthropochorous dissemination of hosts (small ruminants) and their pathogens (SRLV) during the colonization of the Mediterranean from the Middle East.
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    Molecular Characteristics of Bovine Virus Diarrhoea Virus 1 Isolates from Turkey: Approaches for an Eradication Programme
    (Wiley, 2012) Oguzoglu, T. C.; Muz, D.; Yilmaz, V.; Timurkan, M. O.; Alkan, F.; Akca, Y.; Burgu, I.
    Forty pestivirus isolates sampled from cattle in Turkey between 2002 and 2007 were characterized according to 5' untranslated region (5'UTR) sequences and autoprotease (Npro) gene sequences. The sampling of Bovine virus diarrhoea viruses (BVDVs) from 15 farms in five different regions indicated that BVDV 1-l (18/40, 45%) was the predominant genotype in Turkey; the samples also contained the genotypes 1-f (10/40, 25%), 1-b (7/40, 17.5%), 1-d (3/40, 7.5%), and 1-a (2/40, 5%), respectively.
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    Prevalences of Feline Coronavirus (FCoV), Feline Leukaemia Virus (FeLV), Feline Immunodeficiency Virus (FIV) and Feline Parvovirus (FPV) among domestic cats in Ankara, Turkey
    (Ecole Nationale Veterinaire Toulouse, 2013) Oguzoglu, T. C.; Muz, D.; Timurkan, M. O.; Maral, N.; Gurcan, I. S.
    Feline Coronavirus (FCoV), Feline Leukaemia Virus (FeLV), Feline Immunodeficiency Virus (FIV) and Feline Parvovirus (FPV) cause important viral infections in domestic and wild cats. In this study, these viruses were assessed using PCR protocols from whole blood samples from 200 domestic cats living in Ankara with clinical chronic gastrointestinal, urinary tract and respiratory symptoms (n = 138) or apparently healthy (n = 62). A total of 146 cats (73.0%) were positive for at least one of these viruses, and 41.8% of them were co-infected, mainly by FPV, FeLV and/or FIV. The prevalences were 45.5%, 39.0%, 20.5% and 9.5% for FCoV, FPV, FeLV and FIV, respectively. Age, lifestyle and health status were found significantly associated with an increased risk of virus positivity. These results allow a direct determination of virus infection instead of seroprevalences and emphasize the frequency of virus poly-infections.